Objective To study the CT and MRI features of meningiomas at special locations.Methods CT and MRI findings of meningiomas at special locations (lateral ventricle,diaphragma sellae,frontal sinus) in 11 cases confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively.8 patients were evaluated with MRI,3 patients were evaluated with CT.Results 11 cases were all singular lesion.The lesions were at lateral ventricle in 4, at diaphragma sellae in 4,at frontal sinus in 3.Of total 11 cases,8 cases showed isointensity or slight hypointensity signal on T 1WI ,tumors had isointensity or slight hyperintensity signal or slight hypointensity signal on T 2WI,homogeneous or inhomogeneous enhancement were found on Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI scanning.3 cases were showed homogeneous density or slight highly density on plain CT scanning.Pathological diagnosis was as follows:fibroblastic type in 4,angioblastic type in 3,syncytial type in 1,psammomatous type in 3.There were 9 cases were misdiagnosed before operation.Conclusion It is a fact that improving the imaging correct diagnostic rate of meningioma at special locations will play an important role in deciding correct operative route of entry and increasing cure rate.

Clinical data of 23 children with atrial septal defect and pulmonary valvular stenosis admitted in Dalian Children′s Hospital during March 2015 to March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty patients were treated with percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect through femoral vein first, then transthoracic echocardiography-guided balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty was performed; while 3 patients had no balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty after percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect. Patients were followed up by transthoracic echocardiography and all were doing well. The transvalvular pressure fell under 35 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) [(19.5±1.9)mmHg] in all patients, which was significantly lower than that before treatment [(62.0±7.8 mmHg)] (t=28.92, P<0.01). During follow-up, no residual shunt of atrial septal defect was found; and mild pulmonary regurgitation occurred in 3 cases. The study indicates that combined percutaneous treatment with transthoracic echocardiography guidance is effective and safe for children with atrial septal defect and pulmonary valvular stenosis. The pulmonary artery stenosis of some patients can be alleviated, after closuring of the atrial septal defect.

Objective To explore the safety and therapeutic effect of transesophageal echocardiography(TEE)-guided transthoracic minimally invasive intervention for congenital heart disease complicated with compound heart ab-normalities in children.Methods From September 2013 to January 2018,32 children with congenital heart disease complicated with compound heart abnormalities were collected,who undergoing TEE-guided transthoracic minimally invasive intervention at the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery,Dalian Children's Hospital were collected.There were 6 cases of ventricular septal defect (VSD)combined with atrial septal defect (ASD),11 cases of VSD combined with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA),9 cases of ASD combined with PDA,3 cases of VSD combined with pulmonary stenosis (PS),and 3 cases of ASD combined with PS.TEE-guided transcatheter closure was performed within a minimally in-vasive transthoracic minimal incision (1 -2 cm)under non-cardiopulmonary bypass.The efficacy of the procedure was evaluated by TEE.The transthoracic echocardiography,chest film and cardiogram after post-procedure examina-tions were followed.Results TEE-guided transthoracic minimally invasive perventricular intervention was successfully performed in all the sick children.The mean duration of operation,intensive care unit monitoring and ventilation were (54.2 ± 21.8)min,(14.3 ± 8.7)h and (3.7 ± 2.9)h,respectively.No patient received diuretic drugs,sedation drugs,blood transfusion or conventional surgical repair. The follow - up period for all the patients lasted 12 -48 months.No arrhythmias,residual shunts or occluder detachments,or thrombosis,hemorrhage,or new valve regurgitation occurred.Conclusions TEE -guided transthoracic minimally invasive intervention is feasible and has a promising prognosis for young children with congenital heart disease combined with compound heart abnormalities.

OBJECTIVESTo study the correlation between MRI apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and expression of Ki-67 in gastric cancers, and to investigate the application of ADC value in diagnosing the malignance of gastric cancer.

METHODSA retrospective cohort analysis was performed on 87 gastric cancer patients who received MRI examination and radical resection at Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from November 2014 to August 2015. All the postoperative resected samples were confirmed as gastric cancer. Preoperative MRI examination was performed by using Siemens 3.0-T Verio MRI with following parameters: section thickness 3 mm, gap 1 mm, matrix 182×320, field of view 40 cm. Plain scan was followed by T1-weighted fat suppression technique VIBE 3D(TR3.92/TE1.39,90degree) scans at arterial phase (the 30th second), portal venous phase (the 60th second), lag period (the 90th second), axial planes and coronal planes (the 180th second), and sagittal planes (the 210th second), respectively. ADC value of tumor was measured at b-factor of 800 s/mmand ADC map was generated from DWI data on the work station. The expression of Ki-67 in cancer tissue was detected by routine immunohistochemical (SP) staining after surgery. Correlation between ADC value and the expression of Ki-67 in gastric cancer was analyzed.

RESULTSIrregular thickening of the gastric wall and inhomogeneous enhancement of the tumor after injection of the contrast material appeared in gastric cancer. Gastric cancer tissue presented hyperintensity and normal gastric wall presented isointensity in DWI image (b=800 s/mm). Compared with normal gastric tissue, mean ADC value of gastric cancer tissue was significant lower [(1.114±0.265)×10mm/s vs. (2.032±0.202)×10mm/s, t=26.209, P=0.000]. The ADC values of high-middle differentiation group, middle-low differentiation group, low differentiation group and signet ring cell carcinoma/mucinous adenocarcinoma group were (1.347±0.234)×10mm/s, (1.179±0.257)×10mm/s, (0.996±0.185)×10mm/s and (1.082±0.230)×10mm/s, respectively. The difference of mean ADC value among different tumor stages was significant(F=8.498, P=0.000). Along with the Ki-67 expression up-regulated, the ADC value decreased in cancer tissue. The Ki-67 expressions in cancer tissue was negatively correlated with cancer ADC values (r=-0.570, P=0.000). Furthermore, negative correlations of Ki-67 expressions with ADC values of high-middle differentiation group (r=-0.627, P=0.016), low differentiation group (r=-0.787, P=0.000) and signet ring cell carcinoma/mucinous adenocarcinoma group (r=-0.792, P=0.000) were observed respectively, while Ki-67 expression was not correlated with ADC value of middle-low differentiation group.

CONCLUSIONThe ADC value of gastric cancer can reflect the level of tumor differentiation, and is negatively correlated with Ki-67 expression in cancer tissues.

Objective    To share the experience of treating special cardiac malformations by applying minimally invasive techniques. Methods    Eight children with special cardiac malformations admitted to our hospital from July 2014 to September 2020 were recruited, including 3 males and 5 females, aged 0.8-1.2 (1.1±0.4) years, and weighted 7.8-11.5 (9.6±2.9) kg. There were 2 patients of huge muscular ventricular septal defect (VSD), 3 perimembranous cribriform VSD, 1 right coronary-right atrial fistula, 1 right coronary-right ventricular fistula, and 1 young, low-weight child with large aortopulmonary. All were treated with minimally invasive techniques using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) as a guiding tool. All children received intraoperative TEE immediately to evaluate the curative effect of the surgery, and all went to outpatient clinic for reexamination of echocardiography, electrocardiogram and chest X-ray after discharge. Results    Eight children underwent minimally invasive surgery successfully without any incision infection, intracardiac infection, arrhythmia or pericardial effusion. None of the 8 children were lost to follow-up, and the results of all reexaminations were satisfactory. Conclusion    The application of minimally invasive techniques is a bold and innovative attempt for the treatment of a few special types of cardiac malformations. It has significant advantages in reducing trauma and medical costs in some suitable patients, and has certain clinical reference values.