Objective To optimize the extraction process of Ardisia crenata based on the content of total saponins and to provide a basis for the Ardisia crenata study. Methods Based on the results of the single-factor tests and the Box-Behnken central composite experimental design principles, a response surface methodology which has three factors and three levels was designed to optimize the extraction process of Ardisia crenata based on the content of saponins. Results A maximal extraction yield of total saponins reached 2. 29% under the optimal conditions as follows:70% alcohol was used as extraction solvent with the material to liquid ratio of 116, the extraction time was 3 h at 70 ℃. Conclusion The optimized extraction process is accurate, reliable and practically valuable.

OBJECTIVE:To ensure safe and effective drug use.METHODS:The necessity and ways to ensure the integrity of drug identification markers were discussed.RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS:The completed drug identification markers in the course of retailing are essential for achieving the function of drugs and assuring the safety and the effectiveness of drug use.

Pseudotemporal lobe epilepsy refers to an electroencephalogram (EEG) ictal pattern that is localized to the temporal region and the clinical ictal symptoms like the temporal seizure, especially mesial temporal seizure. But the epileptogenic zone is on the extratemporal regions. It is not easy to diagnose pseudotemporal lobe epilepsy. There are difficulties to detect by scalp EEG, and stereoelectroencephalography is usually required for epileptogenetic zone localization. Pseudotemporal lobe epilepsy almost is refractory for antiepileptic drugs. But the situation is illustrated by the failure of temporal lobe surgery resection alone. Therefore, the good result is often obtained after an epileptogenic zone and symptomatic zone resection.

Development of liver fibrosis is closely associated with angiogenesis and abnormal vascular remodeling. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of angiogenesis and vascular remodeling in fibrogenesis, the results that inhibition of angiogenesis is effective in suppression of liver fibrosis demonstrate that therapies with several molecular targets against angiogenesis, inflammation and fibrosis might be beneficial for the treatment of cirrhosis. However, there is some evidence that inhibition of angiogenesis can even worsen fibrosis. This article outlines recent advances regarding the interplay between inflammation, angiogenesis and fibrogenesis in terms of cellular and molecular mechanisms, and suggests a requirement of greater understanding to intervene in these key processes, such as liver sinusoidal endothelial cell fenestration and impact distinct chemokine actions driving monocyte migration and differentiation, for therapeutic benefit in the future.
Humans ; Inflammation ; therapy ; Liver Cirrhosis ; therapy ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; therapy ; Vascular Remodeling

Objective To explore the prognostic value of long-time EEG monitoring and the clinical examination index in comatose patients.Methods The long-time EEG monitoring and the modified Glasgow coma scale were done in 26 comatose patients(15 patients were male;11 patients were female;17—40 years old)in acute phase.The complexity of cerebral hemisphere was analyzed by computer.The patients were followed-up for 2 months and evaluated by Glasgow outcome scale.The correlation between the long-time EEG monitoring,clinical examination index and the prognosis of the patients was analyzed.The time- variation of hemisphere complexity and the relationship between prognosis and entropy were observed. Results The specificity(77.8%)and accuracy rate(92.3%)of long-time EEG monitoring in predicting the outcome of the acute comatose patients were higher than those of clinical examination.The EEG index appeared more closed-up with prognosis than clinical examination.The correlation coefficient between the EEG index and the modified Glasgow prognosis scoring was r=0.81(P

AIM: To immediately observe the complication of corneal flap after LASIK surgery.
METHODS:A retrospective case series were studies. Totally 2 040 cases ( 4 080 eyes ) from January 2010 to October 2012 in our hospital were collected, the corneal flap was observed using lamp microscope after LASIK within 30min. Corneal flap dislocation, corneal flap strial and intraface debris were examined after operation, the effective treatment and controlled measure should be taken for these complications.
RESULTS: Postoperative complications were corneal flap dislocation 102 eyes (2. 5%), corneal flapstriae 95 eyes (2. 33%), interface debris 105 eyes (2.57%). No failure case was seen. There had no corneal flap-related complications, which seriously impact the visual quality after the surgery.
CONCLUSION: Carefully postoperative examination at the first - time is an effective way to manage some complications of post - LASIK. Thus promoting the diagnosis and treatment of post-LASIK complications.

SWI/SNF is an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex .ARID1 A gene is an important subunit of SWI/SNF complex and its dysfunction can cause abnormal chromatin remodeling , resulting in tumorigenesis .AR-ID1A occurs frequently low expression or deletion mutation in a variety of malignant tumors , such as ovarian canc-er, liver cancer, breast cancer, stomach cancer, lung cancer and so on, which indicates that ARID1A is an impor-tant tumor suppressor gene .

Objective To investigate the influence of topiramate(TPM) on quantitative pharmacoelectroencephalography (QPEEG) in normal subjects and epilepsy patients. Methods EEG were recorded in normal and epileptic subjects prior to and at 0.5,1,2,4,6,8,12,24 hours after the administration of single dose of TPM.The EEG power spectral activity including the absolute power,percent of power,total power in both occipital and total power of the whole scalp areas were calculated through 30 s epochs without artifacts after each recording.The statistical difference between baseline assessment and each post-drug time point was analyzed by the Wilcoxon matched-paired rank test. Results The power of sloe wave(peak value 66.76 ?V 2),?1-band (peak value 57.33 ?V 2)and total power (peak value 385.12 ?V 2)was increased after the administration of TPM and the total power of the whole scalp areas was also increased(peak value 2 500.75?V 2).The percent of power of ?-band(peak value 12.4%) and ?1-band(healthy control,peak value 17.5%) or ?-band(patient,peak value 13.94%)was increased,while ?3-band(healthy control,lowest value 10.4%) decreased. Conclusion TPM might change the background activity of EEG that was different from other antiepilepsy drugs.

Objective To evaluate mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treating proximal ureteral calculi. Methods 109 patients underwent mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy for proximal ureteral calculi from March 1998 to July 2001 were reviewed and evaluated. Results All the 109(100%) were rendered stone-free at 1 session.The average operation time was 60 munites,the estimated blood loss volume 25 ml and the average hospitalization 7 days.No major complications were noted. Conclusions Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy is safe and effective in treating proximal ureteral calculi and is less invasive for the patients.

Objective To summarize the experience of ES WL and PCNL management for pediatric renal calculi. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data 105 cases.The series consists of 33 girls and 72 boys.The average age was 8.7 years.Of the 105 children,21(20. 0%) had urinarytract abnormality.68 cases were treated with ESWL,33 with mini-P CNL,and 4 cases with residual stone fragments were treated with min-PCNL and ES WL.Four children underwent open procedures. Results 92 s essions of ESWL were performed in 68 children,57(83.8%)became stone-free.Among them 47 cases ( 69.1 %) were cured by one ESWL session,18 cases(26.5%)had two sessions,three children had three sessions.Two cases who had ureteral steinstras se were rendered stone-free by ureteroscopy.Among 33 children managed by mini- PCNL,24 (72.7%) were cured by one PCNL session,9(27.3%) by two sessions,three pa tients with UPJ obstruction underwent antegrade pyeloureterotomy at the same tim e.Stones were cleared using one PCNL session in 24(72.7%),2 sessions in 29(87.9% ),4 patients were cured with ESWL and mini-PCNL.The overall success rate was 97 .0%.2 of 4 cases in open procedures were performed by means of pyeloplasty,one p atient had residual stone fragments after open surgery. Conclusions ESWL is the first-line treatment for renal calculi in children.PCN L is a option but based on stones status,instrumental and technical conditions. Combining PCNL with ESWL had better outcome.