Objective To investigate the effects of postoperative sleep deprivation on the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in hippocampi of aged rats.Methods Forty-eight male Wistar rats,aged 20 months,weighing 500-600 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =12 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) ; operation group (group O) ; sleep deprivation group (group S) ; postoperative sleep deprivation group (group OS).Sleep deprivation was induced in the rats by housing them on small platforms over water.They fell into the water if they lost muscle tone.All the rats had free access to food and water.In group OS,splenectomy was performed,and all the rats underwent 24 h sleep deprivation after the rats were awake.All the rats underwent 24 h sleep deprivation at the corresponding time point in group S.Morris water maze test was carried out at 24 h after operation.The number of ChAT positive cells in the hippocampal CA1 region was counted after completion of Morris water maze test.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency was significantly prolonged,the time of staying at the original platform quadrant was shortened,and the frequency of crossing the original platform and the number of ChAT positive cells in the hippocampal CA1 region were decreased after operation in O and OS groups,and no significant changes were found in the parameters mentioned above in group S.Compared with group O,the escape latency was significantly prolonged,the time of staying at the original platform quadrant was shortened,the frequency of crossing the original platform was decreased,and there was no significant difference in the numberof ChAT positive cells in the hippocampal CA1 region in group OS,and no significant changes were found in the parameters mentioned above in group S.Compared with group S,the escape latency was significantly prolonged,the time of staying at the original platform quadrant was shortened,and the frequency of crossing the original platform and the number of ChAT positive cells in the hippocampal CA1 region were decreased after operation in group OS.Conclusion The mechanism by which postoperative sleep deprivation induces cognitive decline is not related to the expression of ChAT in hippocampi of aged rats.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Snail mRNA and E-cad mRNA in invasive ductal carcinoma and their clinical significance. Methods The expression of Snail mRNA and E-cad mRNA were detected on mammary gland hyperplasia (30cases), intraductal breast carcinoma(30cases) and invasive ductal carcinoma (70cases)by in situ hybridization. Results The positive expression rate of Snail mRNA and E-cad mRNA in mammary gland hyperplasia, intraductal breast carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma were 23. 3% ,46. 7% ,81.4% and 96. 7% ,66. 7% ,35.7% ,respectively. There was significant difference among them(P ＜ 0. 01). There was difference between Snail mRNA and E-cad mRNA in the same group(P ＜0. 05). Snail mRNA was not related to age, tumor size or histopathological grade (P ＞0. 05) ,but it was related to lymphatic metastasis (P ＜0. 01). E-cad mRNA was not related to age, tumor size(P ＞0. 05),but it was related to lymphatic metastasis and histopathological grade(P ＜0. 01). There were positive relationship between Snail mRNA and E-cad mRNA(r = -0. 56, P =0. 00). Conclusions The overexpression of Snail mRNA and low expression of E-cad mRNA were involved in the infiltration and metastasis of breast carcinoma, and they were related to lymphatic metastasis. Therefore, the test of the expression of them were valuable in predicting the prognostic and metastasis of breast carcinoma.

This paper mainly introduces the design, structure and software of the pulse condition meter. It's suggested that Chinese Traditional Medicine be developed into a preeminent one in the world.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Ethylene Dichlorides ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective: To establish a multiplex PCR-microarray method for detecting important enteropahogens.Methods: Uniplex and multiplex PCR were performed to obtain the best primer sets for identifying the target bacteria at species and multi-species level.Fluorescent dyes were mixed into PCR reaction to determine whether it can affect the efficiency of amplification.To improve the efficiency of microarray,a 35 pairs primer-labeling system was optimized based on the hybridization results to find the best combination to avoid false negative results.Results: Specific PCR products were all obtained using species-specific primer sets.More preferential amplification may happen when more primer pairs were added to the reaction.The hybridization results showed a positive association between the efficiency of multiplex-PCR and signal intensity.Conventional PCR yielded more products than fluorescent dyes labeled PCR.Thirty-five primers were divided into three different combinations to label target respectively,hybridization results showed a high specificity.Conclusion: Mixing fluorescent dyes into PCR may reduce the efficiency of amplification and hybridization,but may have no effect on the analysis of hybridization results.The hybridization efficiency of microarray depends on the amplification efficiency of multiplex PCR.For microarray target labeling,three primer sets could be used to avoid negative hybridization led by preferential amplification of multiplex-PCR.It indicates that the multiplex PCR-microarray method is an attractive diagnosis tool for the high-throughput identification of enteropathogenic organisms especially for multiple causative agents and epidemiological investigations.

Objective:To investigate the expression and clinical significance of cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42) and WASP family verprolin-homologous protein l (WAVE1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:The expression of Cdc42 and WAVE1 was detected in 106 paraffin-embedded NSCLC tissues and 46 adjacent normal lung tissues (control group) using immunohistochemis-try. Results:The expression levels of Cdc42 and WAVE1 was distinctly higher in NSCLC than in the control group. The expression of Cdc42 in NSCLC significantly correlated with tumor differentiation, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The expression of WAVE1 in NSCLC was significantly correlated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The expression of Cdc42 was significantly correlated with WAVE1 in NSCLC (r=0.469, P<0.01). The 3-year survival rates were significantly lower in the group with high Cdc42 expression (44.16%) than in the low expression group (72.41%;P<0.01). Similarly, the 3-year survival rates were significantly lower among patients with high WAVE1 expression (39.44%) than in those with low expression (77.14%;P<0.01). Lymph node metastasis and the common high Cdc42 and WAVE1 expression were independent prognostic factors for NSCLC. Conclu-sion:The Cdc42 expression is correlated with WAVE1 expression. They may act together and have an important function in NSCLC. The expression of both Cdc42 and WAVE1 in NSCLC tissue may be used as markers for assessing the clinicopathologic features and prognosis.

The aim of this study is to prepare self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) of the mixture of paeonol (Pae) and borneol (Bor). Solubility test, ternary phase diagrams and simplex lattice method were employed to screen and optimize the formulation of the mixture of Pae and Bor-loaded SMEDDS. After formed into microemulsions, the particle diameter (PD) was determined and a TEM was employed to observe the microemulsions' morphology. The contents of Pae and Bor were determined by gas chromatography. As a result, while ethyl oleate (EO) as the oil phase, cremophor EL35 (EL35) as surfactant and Transcutol HP (HP) as cosurfactant, the range of the microemulsion on the ternary phase diagram was larger than other combinations. And at a ratio of 20:45:35, the microemulsions' PD was about 34 nm and the polydispersity index (PI) was about 0.2. There were 16% of Pae, 2% of Bor, 16% of EO, 37% of EL35 and 29% of HP in the prepared SMEDDS. The preparation process of the Pae and Bor-loaded SMEDDS based on Xingbi Fang is simple and feasible. This study provides a reference for the researches on the related traditional Chinese medicine and the related components.

Objective To explore the spiral computed tomography (CT) imaging feature of post-intubation tracheal stenosis (PITS) and to discuss its clinical significance. Methods The clinical data and CT imaging findings of 27 patients with PITS were retrospectively analyzed. The location, degree and shape of PITS were analyzed, and the imaging features were summarized. Based on the imaging features the etiology of PITS was suggested, and the role of imaging feature in assessing PITS condition and in planning clinical management was evaluated. Results A total of 35 tracheal strictures were detected in the 27 patients. The location of the strictures included trachea incision site (n=10), balloon level (n=5) and distal end of tube (n = 20). In all patients the degree of stenosis was > 30%. Localized stenosis was seen in 15 cases, which presented as “hourglass”or “girdle”shape. Segmental stenosis was found in 4 cases, which was characterized by a “ribbon” or “dumbbell” stricture on CT scans. Complex stenosis was found in 8 cases. With the help of imaging findings, all patients got timely, proper and individualized treatment. Conclusion PITS has typical imaging characteristics. Spiral CT scanning should be regarded as the imaging examination of first choice. Based on the different imaging characteristics, the relevant departments can evaluate patient’s condition and make individualized treatment plan. The imaging finding is very helpful for anesthesiologists and other clinicians in recognizing and in managing the post-intubation tracheal stenosis.

Objective:To see the influence of different antiplatelet therapies on stroke patients’ readmission by performing a deep data-mining into Beijing Healthcare Insuring Database,based on a large sample size.Methods:Aretrospective cohort study,was adopted to extract patients primarily diag-nosed as ischemic stroke from healthcare database.The first hospital records were considered as the pa-tient’s baseline in this study,who were divided into MAPT (aspirin)and DAPT (aspirin and clopi-dogrel)according to the patient’s baseline medications.A follow-up was conducted to see whether the patients would have rehospitalization record because of major result events after medication.The major re-sult events,included:(1 )recurrence of ischemic stroke;(2)hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic stroke;(3)myocardial infarction;(4)the digestive hemorrhage.The Kaplan-Meier figure was used to compare the survival situations between these two groups,the log-rank test was used to test the difference of the survival curve,and 1 ∶1 propensity score matching was calculated from the patients’baseline da-ta.Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR).Results:A total of 27 695 patients From January 201 0 to September 201 3 were included,4 047 with DAPT,and 23 648 with MAPT.Because the baseline characteristics of the patients was disequilibrium,so we used 1 ∶1 pro-pensity score matching,after which,the number of the two groups was 4 046 each.Adjusted for the gen-eral demographic characteristics such as age,sex,nationality,complication and drug combination,no statistical significance was observed between the survival curves of the two groups (P =0.06).HR value of major result events between the groups was 0.91 (0.82 -1 .01 ,P =0.07),which was not statistically significant.The covariate gender HR =1 .36 (1 .20 -1 .55,P <0.05),accompanied by diabetes HR =1 .36 (1 .20 -1 .54,P <0.05 ),dyslipidemia HR =1 .1 3 (1 .00 -1 .27,P =1 .1 3),heart disease HR =1 .39 (1 .22 -1 .58,P <0.05)was statistically significant.Drug combination with other antiplate-let agents HR =1 .05 (0.95 -1 .1 7,P >1 .05)did not increase the risk of readmission.Conclusion:There was no difference in prevention of readmission between patients with DAPT and MAPT.Patients with complications should actively treat the complications at the same time as they prevent recurrence after first attack.

Objective To investigate relationship of platelet (PLT) count with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with breast cancer,and explore the susceptibility index to evaluate prognosis of patients with breast cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 498 patients with breast cancer in January 1995 to December 2005 was carried out.PLT count was tested.Those patients were divided into group A (PLT ＜ 150 × 109/L),group B[(150-250) × 109/L],and group C (PLT ＞ 250 × 109/L) according to PLT count level.The relationship of platelet count with clinicopathological features was analyzed.Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model were used for univariate analysis and multivariate analysis of PLT impact on survival time.Results There was positively correlated between PLT count and clinicopathological features (Pearson coefficient ＞ 0,P ＜ 0.05).There was negative correlated between PLT count and survival time (Pearson coefficient =-O.583,P ＜ 0.05).The survival time of groups A,B and C were significantly different (P =0.018).Cox proportional hazards model multi-factor analysis showed that PLT count was an independent factors affecting survival time (OR =2.256,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Patients with breast cancer associated with increased emphasis and PLT count.PLT count had negative correlation with survival time.PLT count could be a susceptible index to predict the prognosis of patients with breast cancer.