This paper analyses the defects of bubble oxygen inhalators currently used, and investigates into their solutions for improvement.
Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Oxygenators ; standards

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture at "Neiguan" (PC 6) improving acute myocardial ischemia.

METHODSThe rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a myocardial ischemia model group and a myocardial ischemia model plus electroacupuncture group. The acute myocardial ischemia model was developed byligation of the descending anterior branch of the coronary artery, and electroacupuncture was given at bilateral "Neiguan" (PC 6). Serum myocardial enzymes was determined by biochemical method and the expression of c-fos mRNA in myocardium was detected by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSThe activities of serum myocardial enzymes and the expression of c-fos mRNA in ischemic myocardium were significantly increased as compared with those in the sham operation group (P < 0.05), and after electroacupuncture they were significantly decreased (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe mechanism of electroacupuncture at "Neiguan" (PC 6) improving acute myochadial ischemia is possibly related with down-regulation of expression of c-fos mRNA in myocardium.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Genes, fos ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia ; genetics ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the influence of Tinglizi on collagen volume fraction (CVF) and perivascular collagen volume area (PVCA ) in left ventricle tissue of cardiac hypertrophy induced by abdominal aortic banding in rats.

METHODVentricular remodeling was induced by abdominal aortic banding (AAB) in rats. After 30 day treatment, the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP); heart rate (HR) were measured. The histological assay consisted of the HE stain for determining the myo-cardium cell cross section and collagen stain (Van Gieson' method) for determining collagen content, including collagen volume fracton (CVF) and perivascular collagen volume area (PVCA).

RESULTThe experimental data demonstrated that Tinglizi decreased SBP, DBP, HR and could significantly reduce the total collagen content (CVF, PVCA) and lessen the myocardium cell cross section (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTinglizi may decrease the total collagen content of ventricle and attenuate the ventricular remodeling induced by abdominal aortic banding.

Animals ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Cardiomegaly ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; Heart Ventricles ; drug effects ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Ventricular Remodeling ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness of open reduction and internal fixation and repair of palmar ligment in treating trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocation.

METHODSFrom June 1995 to June 2001,14 patients with trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocation were treated with open reduction and internal fixation and repair of palmar ligment. Among them,there were 13 males and 1 female,the ranging in age from 21 to 38 years,averaged 25.4 years. All patients were posterior dislocation and all operations were performed within 2 weeks after injury.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 24 to 60 months with an average of 28.3 months. Thirteen scaphoid fractures were primary healed and functions of wrist joint were good. Bone disunion was found in 1 case and part functions of wrist joint were limited. No found necrosis of lunate and scaphoid. According to clinical scoring system of Cooney, 9 case got excellent results, 3 good, 1 fair and 1 poor.

CONCLUSIONOpen reduction and internal fixation and repair of palmar ligament is effective in treating trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocation,which can early provide steady fixation for scaphoid,and profit to recover blood supply of lunatum and subterminal scaphoid.

Adult ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Lunate Bone ; injuries ; physiopathology ; Male ; Recovery of Function ; Scaphoid Bone ; injuries ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical efficacy of double bundle posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction with remnant preservation.

METHODSFrom January 2007 to November 2011, 50 patients with PCL rupture met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups: remnant preservation group (RP group) and remnant resection group (RR group). There were 19 males and 7 females in the RP group, ranging in age from 18 to 55 years, with a mean of (32.250 +/- 11.085) years old. The duration from injury to operation ranged from 2 to 66 months, with an average of (17.481 +/- 3.568) months. Among the RR group, 17 patients were male and 7 patients were female, ranging in age from 20 to 54 years old, with an average of (31.458 +/- 9.569) years. The duration from injury to operation ranged from 3 to 72 months, with a mean of (19.354 +/- 3.950) months. The patients in both groups suffered from instability of knee joint, got a positive result of posterior drawer test. In the RP group, the intercondylar notch remnant fiber, scar tissue and synovial were preserved in operation, only the free ligament in the intercondylar notch was resected. In the RR group, the remnant fiber, scar tissue and synovial tissue of adhesive parts were resected. In both groups, autologous semitendinosus and gracilis tendon double-bundle PCL reconstruction were carried out, the tibia was fixed with an absorbable interference screw with post-tie fixation, and the femur side was compositely fixed with absorbable interference screws and suspending fixation. Each patient received both subjective assessment (IKDC subjective evaluation, Lysholm scoring and Cincinnati rating) and objective clinical assessment (IKDC objective evaluation and Kneelax 3 tibia backward measurement) before operation and two years after operation.

RESULTSIKDC subjective evaluation: 92.167 +/- 4.177 in the RP group,which was higher than 87.542 +/- 5.687 in the RR group (P = 0.010). Lysholm scores: 90.917 +/- 4.413 in the RP group, which was higher than 87.083 +/- 5.149 in the RR group (P = 0.027). Cincinnati knee scores: 92.125 +/- 4.003 in the RP group, which was higher than 87.791 +/- 6.665 in the RR group (P = 0.027). IKDC objective evaluation:no significant statistical differences between RP group and RR group. Kneelax 3 assessment : tibia backward test with Kneelax 3 under 132 N showed no significant statistical difference between RP group and RR group, which were (3.958 +/- 0.693) mm and (4.029 +/- 0.846) mm respectively (P = 0.795).

CONCLUSIONThe study shows a significant advantage of remnant fiber preservation than remnant fiber resection in double-bundle PCL construction in terms of subjective knee function recovery after operation. There is no significant difference in postoperative knee stability.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arthroscopy ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEDespite the causes for melanin increase, the increased gene expression of TYR is a common pathological process. Based on this viewpoint, antisense-S-Oligo of TYR was designed and synthesized to regulate synthesis of melanin in order to explore the treatment for skin pigmentation.

METHODSThe cultured melanocytes were divided into 3 groups. The group 1 was treated with endothelin, group 2 treated with ultraviolet ray and group 3 was used as the control. In each group, the 5' antisense-S-Oligo, the 3' antisense-S-Oligo, the mixed antisense-S-Oligo of TYR or Dotap only was added. The melanin content and TYR gene expressions were examined.

RESULTSThe 5' antisense-S-Oligo, the 3' antisense-S-Oligo and the mixed antisense-S-Oligo significantly inhibited the increase of melanin content and TYR gene expression, which were caused by endothelin or ultraviolet ray treatment. Of the three treatments, the 3' antisense-S-Oligo showed the strongest effect.

CONCLUSIONAntisense-S-Oligo has significant regulating effects on TYR gene expression and melanin content. The 3' antisense-S-Oligo is more effective than the 5' antisense-S-Oligo.

3' Flanking Region ; genetics ; 5' Flanking Region ; genetics ; Endothelins ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; Melanins ; biosynthesis ; Melanocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Tyrosine ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ultraviolet Rays

OBJECTIVETo discuss the early diagnostic methods and therapeutic principles of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy objectively.

METHODSUsing neuro-imaging examinations combined with case history and clinical symptoms to make the early diagnosis of 96 case with aneurysmal SAH, and Guglielmi detachable microcoil (GDC) was utilized for early intracapsular embolization in the ruptured aneurysms. Efficient symptomatic treatment was done early after operation.

RESULTSAll of 96 cases were early diagnosed and successfully embolized; Among them, the aneurysmal lumen was 100% occluded in 83 cases, 95% in 8 cases, 90% in 5 cases. There were 3 cases complicating with aneurysms rupture during operation, 5 cases with cerebral vasospasm. One case was affected by microcoil terminal escape after operation, 3 recurrent cases were all cured with secondary GDC embolization. There were 9 complications associated with embolization techniques and 13 cases (13.5%) occurring permanent sequelae associated with SAH. According to the Glasgow prognosis score, 77 patients got grade I, 7 grade II, 6 grade III, 3 grade IV, and 3 grade V. The mortality rate was 3.1%.

CONCLUSIONSTo make early etiological diagnosis of the SAH patients, using GDC to embolize the aneurysms, and earlier efficient symptomatic treatment are important methods to improve the curative rate and reduce the mortality rate.

Adult ; Aged ; Aneurysm, Ruptured ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Angiography ; methods ; Early Diagnosis ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUNDThe necrosis of a large number of myocardial cells after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) results in a decrease of cardiac function and ventricle remodeling. Stem cell transplantation could improve cardiac function after AMI, but the involving mechanisms have not been completely understood. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of transplantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) via the coronary artery on the ventricle remodeling after AMI as well as the mechanisms of the effects of transplantation of different stem cells on ventricle remodeling.

METHODSA total of 36 male pigs were enrolled in this study, which were divided into 4 groups: control group, simple infarct model group, BM-MNC transplantation group, and MSCs transplantation group. At 90 minutes when a miniature porcine model with AMI was established, transplantation of autologous BM-MNC ((4.7 +/- 1.7) x 10(7)) and MSCs ((6.2 +/- 1.6) x 10(5)) was performed in the coronary artery via a catheter. Ultrasound, electron microscope, immunohistochemical examination and real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction were used respectively to observe cardiac functions, counts of blood vessels of cardiac muscle, cardiac muscle nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB, myocardial cell apoptosis, and the expression of the mRNA of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in cardiac muscles. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation factors of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (EDD).

RESULTSThe number of blood vessels in the infarct zone and around its border in the BM-MNC transplantation group was more than those in the infarct model group and MSCs group (P = 0.0001) and there was less myocardial cell apoptosis in the stem cell transplantation group than that in the infarct model group (all P < 0.01). The positive rate of NF-kappaB in the stem cell transplantation group was lower than that in the infarct model group (P = 0.001). The gene expression of VEGF in the infarct border zone of the BM-MNC group was higher than that in the MSCs group (P = 0.0001). The gene expression of bFGF in the infarct border zone in the MSCs transplantation group was higher than that in the infarct model group and the BM-MNC group (P = 0.0001). Left ventricular ejection fraction was inversely proportional to the apoptotic rate of myocardial cells and cardiac muscle NF-kappaB but positively correlated with the number of blood vessels and the expression of VEGF and bFGF in the infarct zone and infarct border zone. The Multivariate Logistic regression analysis on the factors influencing the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter after stem cell transplantation showed that the expression of VEGF mRNA in the cardiac muscles in the infarct zone, the number of apoptotic myocardial cells and the expression of NF-kappaB in the infarct border zone were independent factors for predicting the inhibitory effect on the dilation of left ventricular EDD after stem cell transplantation.

CONCLUSIONSTransplantation of autologous BM-MNC and MSCs in pigs can improve the condition of left ventricular remodeling and recover the cardiac functions after AMI. The improvement of cardiac functions is related to the increase of blood vessels, the increased expression of VEGF and bFGF, the reduction of myocardial cell apoptosis, and the decrease of NF-kappaB level in cardiac muscle tissues after stem cell transplantation.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; methods ; Disease Models, Animal ; Heart Function Tests ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Swine ; Treatment Outcome ; Ventricular Remodeling

To further explore the role of rituximab when added to the CHOP-like regimen in the treatment of immunohistochemically defined non-germinal center B-cell subtype (non-GCB) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL), 159 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients were studied retrospectively based on the immunohistochemical evaluation of CD10, Bcl-6, MUM-1, and Bcl-2. Altogether, 110 patients underwent the CHOP-like regimen, and rituximab was added for the other 49 patients. Cox regression analysis showed that compared with the CHOP-like regimen, the rituximab-based regimen(R-CHOP regimen) significantly decreased the risk of disease relapse and progression in CD10-negative patients (P=0.001), Bcl-6-negative patients (P=0.01), and MUM-1-positive patients (P=0.003). The risk of disease relapse in patients with non-GCB subtype (P=0.002) also decreased. In contrast, patients with the opposite immunohistochemical marker expression profile and GCB subtype did not benefit from treatment with the R-CHOP regimen. In addition, non-GCB subtype patients had a significantly higher expression rate of Bcl-2 than GCB subtype patients (P=0.042). Although univariate analysis found that both Bcl-2-positive and -negative patients had significantly higher event-free survival rates with the R-CHOP regimen, only Bcl-2 positivity (P=0.004) maintained significance in the Cox regression analysis. We conclude that the addition of rituximab can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with non-GCB subtype DLBCL, which is closely related to the expression of CD10, Bcl-6, MUM-1, and Bcl-2.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Disease Progression ; Disease-Free Survival ; Doxorubicin ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Germinal Center ; pathology ; Humans ; Interferon Regulatory Factors ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; metabolism ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Rituximab ; Survival Rate ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between the early treatment response and the pregnosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL).

METHODSTwo hundred and Seventy-eight ALL children diagnosed and treated in Hainan general hospital from March 2013 to March 2017 were collected. All ALL children received therapy with CCLg-ALL-2008 regimen. The 3 year event-free survival (EFS) rate of ALL children in different groups was analyzed in terms of 4 indexes including sensitivity response to prednison at day 8 (D8-SRP), bone marrow remission at day 15 (D15-BMR) and at day 33 (D33-BMR), and minimal residual disease at day 33 (D33-BMR), and minimal residual disease at day 33(D33-MRD). These 4 indexes and other indexes possibly affecting the prognosis of ALL children were enrolled in Cox regression model for analysis of independent factors affecting the prognosis of ALL children.

RESULTSThe D8-SRP test showed that among 269 ALL children, 240(89.22%) cases displayed prednisone poor response (PPR); the 3-year EFS rate in predrisone good response(PGR) group was significantly higher than that in PPR group(P<0.05). The D15-BMR detection showed that among 262 ALL children, the bone marrow remission(BMR) as M1 was observed in 230 cases (87.79%), M2 in 20 cases (7.63%) and M3 in 9 cases (4.58%); the 3-year EFS rate showed as follows:M1 group >M2 group >M3 group(P<0.05). The D33-BMR detection showed that among 257 ALL children, the BMR as M1 was observed in 227 cases (88.33%), M2 in 21 cses(8.17%) and M3 in 9 caes (3.51%); the 3-year EFS rate in 3 groups showed as follows: M1 group >M2 group >M3 group(P<0.05). The D33-MRD detection showed that among 185 ALL children, MRD<10 was found in 128 cases (69.19%), MRD≥10-10 in 43 cases (23.24%), MRD ≥10 in 14 cases (7.57%); the 3-year EFS rate in 3 groups showed as follows: MRD <10 group > MRD≥ 10-10 group>MRD≥10 group. The Cox regression analysis showed that PPR in D8-SRP test, M2 and M3 in D15 and D33 BMR detection, and MRD≥10 in D33 MRD detection as well as T-ALL typing were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of ALL children.

CONCLUSIONThe early treatment response can predict the prognosis of ALL children, which is an independent prognostic factor for ALL children.

Child ; Disease-Free Survival ; Humans ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Prednisone ; Prognosis