0.05).CONCLUSION:The critical twinkle visual frequency of red light in normal persons is higher than that in schizophrenia patients and alcoholism patients.And the critical twinkle visual frequency in alcoholism patients is a little lower than that in schizophrenia patients.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; International Cooperation ; Pediatrics ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; standards ; Sepsis ; diagnosis ; physiopathology

Asthma, Occupational ; diagnosis ; Humans

Acanthosis Nigricans ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Antigens, CD ; genetics ; Biomarkers ; blood ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Donohue Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptor, Insulin ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Objective To study the effect of the PDE5 inhibitor on noise-induced hearing loss .Methods 30 guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group ,noise exposure group and PDE5 inbibiter group(10 in each) . Two weeks after white noise exposure of 110 dB ,sildenafil (10 mg?kg -1 ?d-1 ) and NS(4 ml?kg -1 ?d-1 ) were injected into guinea pigs of PDE5 inbibiter group and the noise group respectively .One week after noise exposure four weeks continuous administration was cavried out .The ABR thresholds and the PL of wave Ⅰ were measured respectively prior to the experiment ,1 week post-noise ,1 ,2 and 4 weeks post-drugs .The changes of cochlea hair cells were also observed by light microscopy .Results The ABR threshold shifts and the PL in sildenafil group were less obvious than that of in the noise group .The number of OHCs loss was relatively stable in the normal group , while the obvious OHC loss was observed in other groups .There was significant difference among the three groups , however ,the OHC loss in the sildenafil treatment group was not significantly different from that in the noise expo‐sure (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The inhibitor of PDE5 is able to reduce the decrease of ABR thresholds shift ,shorten the extension of the PL ,and it can significantly protect against noise-induced hearing loss .

Objective To explore three dimensional relationships of commonly used bony marks of the distal femur, and to investigate its clinical application of distal femur rotational alignment. Methods One hundred and fifteen normal distal femurs of 62 volunteers were studied. With MR sagittal imaging and three dimensional reconstruction, correlative parameters, including PCA (posterior condylar angle), angle between surgical transepicondylar axis (STEA) and posterior condylar line (PCL); CTA(condylar twist angle), angle between clinical transepicondylar axis (CTEA) and PCL; APA, angle between the perpendicular of antero-posterior line (APL) and PCL; ATA, angle between the perpendicular lines of APL and STEA; CSA, angle between CTEA and STEA. All these angles were measured. The parameters of the two groups both in males and females, as well as in right and left knees were analysed. Results PCA: 3.44??1.08? (range, 0.62? to 6.75?); CTA: 6.03??0.86? (range, 2.93? to 8.92?); APA: 4.31??0.64? (range, 1.92? to 7.05?); ATA: 0.87??0.78? (range, -1.72? to 3.84?); CSA: 2.58??0.57? (range, 0.22? to 4.51?). There was no significant difference between left and right knee in terms of all the above mentioned parameters, yet there was significant difference between male and female groups in terms of PCA, CTA and ATA. PCA and CTA were larger in male groups than that of female group, while ATA in female group was larger than that of male group. Conclusion Three dimensional reconstruction based on imagings of MR is a reliable method to study the distal femur rotational alignment. In the normal knees, there is constant relationship between these parameters. Operators should use distal femur rotational alignment according to practical conditions in performing the total knee arthroplasty.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of sildenafil on morphology to noise-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs. METHOD: Guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group, noise exposure group and the sildenafil treatment group, 12 in each group. a week after white noise exposure of 110 dB, sildenafil (10 mg/kg x d) and NS (4 ml/kg x d) were injected into guinea pigs of the sildenafil treatment group and noise exposure group respectively for four continuous weeks. ABR thresholds were measured respectively prior to the experiment, 1 week post-noise, 1, 2 and 4 weeks post-drugs, the changes of cochlea hair cells were also observed with a scan electron microscope (SEM) and light microscope. RESULT: The ABR threshold shifts in the sildenafil treatment group were significantly fewer than that in the noise exposure group. SEM showed that hear hair of the inner and outer hair cells in noise exposure group displayed mess, fusion and imperfections. In the sildenafil treatment group, the hair cells displayed slight pathological changes, there wasn't significant differents comparied with normal group. The number of OHCs were relatively stable in the normal group, while the obvious OHC loss was observed in other groups. There was significant difference among the three groups, however, the OHC loss in the sildenafil treatment group was not significantly different to that in the noise exposure (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Sildenafil can significantly protect against noise-induced hearing loss.
Animals ; Guinea Pigs ; Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer ; drug effects ; pathology ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ; drug therapy ; Noise ; Sildenafil Citrate ; therapeutic use

0.05).Amplitudes of OPs and b wave were significantly decreased after experiment in STZinduced diabetic group(P

Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains the major obstacle to the success of clinical cancer chemotherapy. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), encoded by the MDR1, is an important part with complex mechanisms associated with the MDR. In order to overcome the MDR of tumors, we in the present experimental design incorporated small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting MDR1 gene and anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) into the solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to achieve the combinational therapeutic effects of genetherapy and chemotherapy. In this study, siRNA-PTX-SLNs were successfully prepared. The cytotoxicity of blank SLNs and siRNA-PTX-SLNs in MCF-7 cells and MCF-7/ADR cells were detected by MTT; and the uptake efficiency of PTX in MCF-7/ADR cells were detected via HPLC method; quantitative real-time PCR and flow cytometry were performed to investigate the silencing effect of siRNA-PTX- SLNs on MDR1 gene in MCF-7/ADR cells. The results showed that PTX loaded SLNs could significantly inhibit the growth of tumor cells, and more importantly, the MDR tumor cells treated with siRNA-PTX-SLNs showed the lowest viability. HPLC study showed that SLNs could enhance the cellular uptake for PTX. Meanwhile, siRNA delivered by SLNs significantly decreased the P-gp expression in MDR tumor cells, thus increased the cellular accumulation of rhodamine123 as a P-gp substrate. In conclusion, the MDR1 gene could be silenced by siRNA-PTX-SLNs, which could promote the growth inhibition efficiency of PTX on tumor cells, leading to synergetic effect on MDR tumor therapy.
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family B ; genetics ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Lipids ; chemistry ; MCF-7 Cells ; drug effects ; Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Paclitaxel ; pharmacology ; RNA, Small Interfering ; pharmacology ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Ethylene Dichlorides ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult