Copper is an essential trace element and plays an important role in the synthesis and function of many metabolic enzymes. However,it may be toxic when copper is overloaded. Numerous studies have been conducted on copper metabolism,especially the toxicity on liver;but systemic review is rare. This article is a systemic review on metabolism, mechanism of toxic effect,liver disease related to overloading of copper,and illustrates the effect of copper on liver ultra structure,oxidative stress,mitochondrial function,cell cycle and apoptosis.

0.05),and all were improved after operations (P

Trace dements molybdenum was discovered in 1778.As a rare refractory metals,it is one of the essential trace elements for human body.Molybdenum is mainly distributed in the skeleton,absorbed in the digestive tract,and excreted by the kidney,bile,sweat,and hair.Molybdenum is involved in metabolism mainly through two ways:inorganic salts,and molybdenum-containing enzyme cofactor.An appropriate mount of molybdenum is important for life activities of the human body,whereas molybdenum deficiency and molybdenum accumulation may cause the multiple system dysfunction.Molybdenum imbalance can be prevented and treated by diet or supportive therapy.

In view of the expansion of workforce and campus of the pharmacy department, an institutional WeChat account is built to optimize management and communication efficiency, and to achieve flat and fine management mode.Such an account, developed by both third parties and independent means, serves as the mobile officing platform for the department.This platform spans two campuses and covers all the staff in real time, not only raising management efficiency but also building another communication channel among the staff.

A new type of testing system used for antithrombotic pressure circulatory equipment has been developed, which realized a new method for the calibration of pressure sensor. Multi-path control and acquisition functions are achieved by this method based on human-computer interaction testing system. The precision of pressure sensor is ob tained by polynomial fitting for each test point using linear interpolation method. The result showed that the precision test of pressure sensor could be realized easily and efficiently, using the developed testing system, and the parameters of pressure sensor could be calibrated effectively, so that it could be accurately used in the antithrombotic pressure circulatory equipment. The developed testing system has a prosperous future in the aspects of promotion and application.
Algorithms ; Calibration ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Pressure ; Thrombosis ; diagnosis

Objective To explore surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods Clinical data of 16 patients of UC undergoing surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Results In this series,16 out of 78 UC patients undergoing surgery included failing to control symptom by conservative therapy in 10, bowel obstruction in 3,suspected malignance in 3. Eight cases underwent total proctocolectomy and ileostomy,4 with total proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA),2 with total colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis,2 with partial colectomy. Conclusions The main indications for surgery in UC patients were failure of medical treatment, complicated bowel obstruction and suspected malignance. Total proctocolectomy and ileostomy is a cure for UC, total proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis benifits defecation control but suffering from high incidence of stomal ulcer.

OBJECTIVETo comparatively analyse the objective characteristics of different syndrome types of qi-disturbance-induced blood stasis syndrome (QDBS) in the pathogenetic evolution of unstable angina coronary heart disease (UA-CHD).

METHODSSeventy-eight patients with UA-CHD of QDBS were differentiated into 2 groups: 55 in the qi-deficiency-induced blood-stasis syndrome group (A) and 23 in the qi-stagnation-induced blood-stasis syndrome group (B). The comparative analysis on them was carried out through comparing their blood pressure, glucose and lipid metabolisms, coagulation function, thyroid function and inflammation reaction changes, etc.

RESULTSIn the pathogenetic process of qi-disturbance induced blood stasis, the initiating age, levels of HbA1c, TSH, PT and APTT between the two groups were significantly different (P < 0.05). Levels of TNF-alpha and LN were higher and levels of sIgA lower in patients than those in healthy subjects (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSInflammation immune reaction may play an important role in the pathogenetic process of blood-stasis syndrome, and the functional disturbance of hypothalamus, pituitary and endocrinal secretion induced by emotional stress is possibly the essence of qi-stagnation induced blood stasis syndrome.

Adult ; Angina, Unstable ; diagnosis ; Coronary Disease ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Qi

OBJECTIVETo establish the "clinical-mimetic" Chinese medicine symptom complex score method for the coronary heart disease Chinese miniature swine model with phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome, in order to observe the effect of formula of removing both phlegm and blood stasis (TYTZ) on the Chinese medicine symptom complex score for the coronary heart disease Chinese miniature swine model with phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome.

METHODTotally 36 Chinese miniature swine were randomly divided to the normal control group, the model group, the Shujiangzhi group, and TYTZ groups with doses of 2.0, 1.0 and 0.5 g x kg(-1), with six in each group. Except for the normal control group, all of the other groups were fed with high fat diet for two weeks. The coronary heart disease model with phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome was established by injuring left anterior descending artery with interventional balloons and continuously feeding with high fat diet for eight weeks. After the operation, the groups were administered with drugs for eight weeks. Their main symptoms, accompanied symptoms, tongue and pulse signs of the coronary heart disease Chinese miniature swine with phlengm-stasis cementation syndrome were observed according to the symptom-graded scoring method.

RESULTCompared with the model group, TYTZ in different doses could reduce the scores of main symptoms at the 6th and 10th week. Specifically, TYTZ in low dose could reduce the scores of tongue at the 6th week and the scores of accompanied symptoms, and tongue and pulse signs at the 10th week; And TYTZ in high dose could decrease all symptom scores at the 6th and 10th week (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTYTZ can improve the scores of the main symptoms, accompanied symptoms, tongue and pulse signs in coronary heart disease Chinese miniature swine with phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome. It is suggested that the "clinical-mimetic" objective scoring for syndromes of Chinese miniature swine is of great significant to the development of new traditional Chinese medicine drugs.

Animals ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Coronary Disease ; blood ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature

OBJECTIVETo discuss that pathogenesis evolvement regularity of Chinese miniature swine with phlege-stasis cementation syndrome of coronary heart disease.

METHODEighteen Chinese miniature swine were randomly divided to the normal control group, the model group and the Danlou tablet group, with six swine in each group. Except for the normal control group, all of the other groups were fed with high fat diet for two weeks. The coronary heart disease model with phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome was established by injuring left anterior descending artery with interventional balloons and continuously feeding with high fat diet for eight weeks. The levels of BMI, hemorheological parameters, lipids in serum and inflammatory cytokines were observed at the 0th (before the experiment), 2nd (before operation or drug administration), 6th (four weeks after drug administration) and 10th week (eight weeks after drug administration) of study. The levels of TG and TC in liver and the pathological changes in coronary artery tissues were also observed at the end of study.

RESULTCompared with the normal control group, the model group had showed significant increase in the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and VLDL-C in serum (P < 0.01) from the second week to the end of the experiment, with notable rise in the whole blood viscosity under the shear rates of 5 s(-1) and 60 s(-1). At the 6th week, the levels of BMI and TG and TNF-alpha in serum significantly increased. At the 10th week, the levels of BMI and hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-alpha in serum significantly increased as well, with remarkable increase in coronary stenosis, intimal thickness and the ratio between intimal thickness and media thickness (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), and significant rise in TC and TG in livers (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the Danlou tablet group showed obvious reduction in severity of coronary artery lesion, intimal thickness and lumen stenosis ratio and ratio between intimal thickness and media thickness (P < 0.01), BMI, TC, TG, LDL-C and VLDL-C in serum, TC and TG in liver, as well as hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels in serum (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), with notable decline in the whole blood viscosity under the shear rates of 5 s(-1) and 60 s(-1).

CONCLUSIONThe interaction of phlegm, blood stasis and toxin syndromes helps promote the progress and development of AS plaques, which is the key pathogenesis of phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome in coronary heart disease.

Animals ; Body Weight ; Coronary Disease ; blood ; physiopathology ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Inflammation Mediators ; metabolism ; Lipids ; blood ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature

Objective To explore the features and influencing factors of ambulatory blood pressure in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.Methods A total of 540 CKD patients from May 2010 to May 2012 in our department were enrolled in this study.Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was carried out.Blood pressure (BP),proteinuria and other clinical parameters were measured regularly.Ultrasonography was used to evaluate cardiac structure and function,carotid intima-media thickness and plaque.Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to examine the association between BP and clinical parameters.Results 63.9％ of CKD patients was non-dipper BP pattern,and 36.1％ was dipper BP pattern.As compared to dipper BP patients,those with non-dipper BP had higher ratio of nighttime/daytime proteinuria (0.51±0.29 vs 0.42±0.21,P ＜ 0.01),lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) [(56.2±48.2) vs (75.5±56.5) ml· min 1 · (1.73 m2)-1,P ＜ 0.01],higher serum cystatin C[(2.8±2.0) mg/L vs (2.1±2.0) mg/L,P ＜ 0.01],higher left ventricular mass index [(53.7±23.2) vs (45.1± 16.3) g/m2,P ＜ 0.01] and severely damaged left ventricular diastolic function and higher carotid intima-media thickness [(0.7±0.3) vs (0.6±0.2) mm,P＜ 0.01].Nighttime blood pressure was independent predictor for proteinuria,eGFR and left ventricular mass index.Conclusions Nondipper blood pressure pattern is very common in CKD patients.Nighttime pressure is closely associated to renal damage and cardiovascular injuries.