This paper reviewed the content and assessment tools of self-management needs in elderly patients with chronic heart failure according to diversified demand, current status of self-management and existing problems of them so as to provide a reference for developing the practice in self-management needs among elderly patients with chronic heart failure in China.

Objective:To developed a self-management demand questionnaire for elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) so as to provide an evaluation tool for effective assessment of self-management demand of patients.Methods:From August to September 2019, based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory and cross-cultural nursing theory, the dimensions and item pool of the questionnaire were constructed through literature review and preliminary qualitative research of the research group. A total of 15 experts related to this research field were selected and the Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of letter consultation on the contents of the questionnaire to calculate the expert's positive coefficient, authority coefficient, concentration degree of expert opinions and Kendall's coordination coefficient (Kendall's W) . Results:In 2 rounds of letter inquiries, the positive coefficient of experts was 100.0%, and the coefficient of expert authority was 0.86. In the first and second rounds of letter inquiries, Kendall's W values for the first-level indexes were 0.171 and 0.233, and Kendall's W values for the second-level indexes were 0.190 and 0.164 ( P<0.01) . The questionnaire for elderly self-management demand of CHF patients was preliminarily formed, including 5 dimensions (physiological guidance needs, safety knowledge and skill guidance needs, psychological care needs, respect and social support needs and self-realization needs) and 46 items. Conclusions:The self-management demand questionnaire for elderly CHF patients compiled by the Delphi method has high reliability. It is of practical significance to assess the self-management needs of elderly CHF patients and conduct targeted self-management interventions, but reliability and validity tests are also required.

Objective:To test the reliability and validity of the Self-management Demand Questionnaire for Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure.Methods:In October 2019, convenience sampling was used to select 425 elderly patients with chronic heart failure from 11 general hospitals in Shanghai and Jiangxi Province for pre-survey. Formal questionnaires were formed through item analysis and exploratory factor analysis. In December 2019, 494 elderly patients with chronic heart failure from 11 general hospitals in Shanghai and Jiangxi Province were selected for a formal survey. Confirmatory factor analysis and reliability test were used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.Results:In the first phase of the survey, a total of 425 questionnaires were distributed, and 387 valid questionnaires were recovered. In the second phase of the survey, a total of 494 questionnaires were distributed, and 484 valid questionnaires were recovered. The formal questionnaire included 42 items in 5 dimensions. Five common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, and their cumulative variance contribution rate was 75.538%. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.982, the split-half reliability was 0.871, and the content validity index was 0.891. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit was good.Conclusions:The Self-management Demand Questionnaire for Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a tool to evaluate the self-management needs of elderly patients with chronic heart failure in China.