Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravesical alkalised lidocaine therapy for the treatment of ketamine-associated cystitis. Methods From 2008 to 2009,7 cases of patients (6 males and 1 female; mean age 26 years) were admitted with severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Three cases had painful hematuria. All cases had history of abuse ketamine. B ultrasound examination revealed marked thickness of the bladder wall and small bladder capacity. Urodynamic study were performed showing the functional bladder capacities between 20 to 100 ml(average 50 ml),Qmax between 3.7 to 10.8 ml/s, RUV between 0 to 24 ml. Urodynamic analyses showed hypersensitive bladder and decreased bladder compliance. Cystoscopy showed diffuse reddish swelling of the bladder mucosa and hemorrhagic cystitis. All patients were required to withdraw the ketamine and treated with bladder hydrodistention therapy (intravesical alkalised lidocaine with heparin). Results The biopsies of 2 patients showed bladder wall inflammation and fibrosis. LUTS was significantly relieved after bladder installation within 7 days. The functional bladder capacities increased between 150±30 ml,Qmax 11.5±3.8 ml/s. Four cases became asymptomatic. Three recurrent cases after reabused ketamin for 1 to 3 months received same intraversical treatment. All cases were followed up for 2 to 17 months. Conclusion Intravesical hydrodistention therapy with alkalised lidocaine and heparin could be the safe and effective therapy in the treatment of katamine-associated cystitis.

Objective To analyze the effect of dominant accessory atrioventricular pathways (AP) on the end vector of ventricular depolarization. Methods All patients had single AP confirmed by radiofrequency cathteter abalation (RFCA) and were free from organic heart disease (including 102 cases of dominant accessory AP and 38 cases of concealed AP). The AP was divided into posterior septal(P3) ,mediate septal (MS) ,anterior septal (AS), left posterior free wall (LP), left anterior free wall (LA), right posterior free wall (RP) and right anterior free wall (RA). Results The end 40 ms vector of QRS wave changed in 102 patients with manifested AP and in 4 patients with concealed AP (P < 0. 05). Conclusion The end 40 ms vector of QRS wave of any site manifested AP can change and the changes have the specihty of leads.

PURPOSE: OnabotulinumtoxinA is used widely for the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess its efficacy and safety for neurogenic detrusor overactivity treatment. METHODS: A systematic literature review was performed to identify all published randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of onabotulinumtoxinA for neurogenic detrusor overactivity treatment. MEDLINE, Embase, and the CENTRAL were employed. Reference lists of retrieved studies were reviewed carefully. RESULTS: Six publications involving 871 patients, which compared onabotulinumtoxinA with a placebo were analyzed. Efficacy of onabotulinumtoxinA treatment was shown as a reduction of the mean number of urinary incontinence episodes per day (mean difference, -1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.70 to -1.12; P<0.00001), maximum cystometric capacity (135.48; 95% CI, 118.22–152.75; P<0.00001), and maximum detrusor pressure (-32.98; 95% CI, -37.33 to -28.62; P<0.00001). Assessment of adverse events revealed that complications due to onabotulinumtoxinA injection were localized primarily to the urinary tract. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests that onabotulinumtoxinA is an effective treatment for neurogenic detrusor overactivity with localized advent events.
Humans ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urinary Tract

Objective: To measure the distance of the lateral, inferior, and superior microfoci from a gross tumor in a pathological speci-men and to provide scientific evidence for margin extension to form the clinical target volume (CTV) in high-dose radiotherapy for rec-tal cancer. Methods: Twenty-eight surgical specimens were collected from patients with rectal cancer who underwent total mesorectal excision (TME) in Hunan Cancer Hospital between October 2016 and April 2017. The nearest distance of the farthest peripheral micro-foci from the gross tumor was measured. The in vivo-in vitro tumor retraction factor (R1) was calculated by measuring the ratio of the tumor's perpendicular depth based on magnetic resonance imaging and immediate surgical specimens. The retraction factor (R2) in the process of pathological specimen makeup was calculated by knot labeling. The distance of microfoci extension was calculated based on that measured in pathological specimens including corrections with R1 and R2 and record as microcarcinoma extension mea-sured in vivo,MEin vivo. Results: Among the 28 pathological specimens, lateral, inferior, and superior microfoci were found in 17 (60.7%), 3 (10.7%), and 0 cases, respectively. The mean R1 was 0.913 and mean R2 was 0.803. The farthest distance measured inferiorly was 28 mm in vivo after correction. The maximum, minimum, and mean measured lateral distances were 12.03 mm, 3.03 mm, and 7.50 mm after correction, respectively. The 95% frequency value was within 10 mm. Conclusions: The lateral microfoci extension was within 10 mm for 95% of the rectal cancer patients. The margin expansion to form the CTV was suggested to be 10 mm for a late-course boost of high-dose radiotherapy for rectal cancer.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between number of daily steps and insomnia in patients with chronic insomnia using "WeChat Sports" program.Methods:A total of 190 patients with insomnia who received treatment in Department of Neurology, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Wenzhou Hospital between October 2017 and October 2019. General data (age, sex, body mass index, history of smoking and alcohol use) and the number of daily steps recorded by "WeChat Sports" program were collected. Patients whose average number of daily steps was greater than 7500 were assigned to the sufficient exercise group ( n = 68), and the remaining patients were assigned to the insufficient exercise group ( n = 122). Patient symptoms were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), The Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and generalized Anxiety Disorder scale-7. Scale evaluation and data collection were performed by two trained investigators. Data were compared between the two groups. The correlation between average number of daily steps and each scale score was analyzed. Results:Total PSQI score in the sufficient exercise group was significantly lower than that in the insufficient exercise group [(12.94 ± 3.14) points vs. (14.93 ± 2.99) points, t = 4.31, P < 0.001]. Scores of subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, habitual sleep efficiency, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction were significantly lower in the sufficient exercise group than those in the insufficient exercise group ( P = 0.011, 0.008, 0.025, 0.039, 0.006). The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 scores in the sufficient exercise group were significantly lower than those in the insufficient exercise group ( P = 0.011, P = 0.002). The average number of daily steps was significantly negatively correlated with total PSQI score, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 score, and score of each PSQI component (subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, habitual sleep efficiency, and daytime dysfunction) ( r = -0.29, -0.16, -0.19, -0.24, -0.15, -0.18, -0.23). Conclusion:Insomnia patients with insufficient daily exercise have more serious insomnia and emotional symptoms than those with sufficient daily exercise. Daily average exercise is correlated with the severity of insomnia and emotional symptom.

Objective To investigate the regulatory mechanism of RNA binding motif protein 38 (RNPC1) on the expression of progesterone receptor (PR) in breast cancer cell line ZR?75?1. Methods Lentiviral vector was used to induce overexpression of RNPC1 in ZR?75?1 cells. qRT?PCR and Western blot were used to assess the regulatory effect of RNPC1 on PR expression. Actinomycin was used to detect the regulatory mechanism involved. Immunohistochemical ( IHC) staining was used to determine the protein expression of RNPC1 and PR in 80 breast cancer tissues. Results IHC staining showed that the expression of RNPC1 was significantly higher in the PR positive breast cancer tissues than that in the PR negative breast cancer tissues ( P<0.05) . The qRT?PCR results showed that overexpression of RNPC1 in ZR?75?1 cells significantly upregulated the mRNA level of PR (1.764±0.028 vs. 1.001±0.037, P<0.01), whereas knockdown of RNPC1 did the opposite (0.579± 0.007 vs. 1.000±0.002, P<0.01).The Western blot results also showed that overexpression of RNPC1 up?regulated PR levels, while knockdown of RNPC1 resulted in down?regulation of PR levels in the ZR?75?1 cells. The actinomycin assay showed that overexpression of RNPC1 increased the mRNA stability of PR. The half?life of PR mRNA was increased from 4. 0 h to 6. 5 h. Knockdown of RNPC1 decreased the mRNA stability of PR and the half?life of PR transcript was decreased from 4.1 h to 3.0 h. Conclusion RNPC1 plays a crucial role in regulating the expression of PR in breast cancer ZR?75?1 cells.

Objective To investigate the regulatory mechanism of RNA binding motif protein 38 (RNPC1) on the expression of progesterone receptor (PR) in breast cancer cell line ZR?75?1. Methods Lentiviral vector was used to induce overexpression of RNPC1 in ZR?75?1 cells. qRT?PCR and Western blot were used to assess the regulatory effect of RNPC1 on PR expression. Actinomycin was used to detect the regulatory mechanism involved. Immunohistochemical ( IHC) staining was used to determine the protein expression of RNPC1 and PR in 80 breast cancer tissues. Results IHC staining showed that the expression of RNPC1 was significantly higher in the PR positive breast cancer tissues than that in the PR negative breast cancer tissues ( P<0.05) . The qRT?PCR results showed that overexpression of RNPC1 in ZR?75?1 cells significantly upregulated the mRNA level of PR (1.764±0.028 vs. 1.001±0.037, P<0.01), whereas knockdown of RNPC1 did the opposite (0.579± 0.007 vs. 1.000±0.002, P<0.01).The Western blot results also showed that overexpression of RNPC1 up?regulated PR levels, while knockdown of RNPC1 resulted in down?regulation of PR levels in the ZR?75?1 cells. The actinomycin assay showed that overexpression of RNPC1 increased the mRNA stability of PR. The half?life of PR mRNA was increased from 4. 0 h to 6. 5 h. Knockdown of RNPC1 decreased the mRNA stability of PR and the half?life of PR transcript was decreased from 4.1 h to 3.0 h. Conclusion RNPC1 plays a crucial role in regulating the expression of PR in breast cancer ZR?75?1 cells.

Objective:To observe the effects of pyrroloquinoline quinine (PQQ) on the mitochondrial function and cell survival of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) under oxidative stress, and to explore its mechanism.Methods:BMSCs of rats were cultured in vitro with Dulbecco′s minimum essential medium/F12 medium containing fetal bovine serum in the volume fraction of 10% (hereinafter referred to as normal medium). The rat BMSCs of third to fifth passages in logarithmic growth phase were selected for the following experiments. (1) The cells were divided into normal control group, normal control+ PQQ group, hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) alone group, and H 2O 2+ PQQ group. The cells in normal control group were cultured in normal medium for 24 hours; the cells in normal control+ PQQ group were cultured in normal medium containing 100 μmol/L PQQ for 24 hours; the cells in H 2O 2 alone group were cultured in normal medium containing 200 μmol/L H 2O 2 for 24 hours; the cells in H 2O 2+ PQQ group were pre-incubated with normal medium containing 100 μmol/L PQQ for 2 hours, and then with H 2O 2 added to the concentration of 200 μmol/L and cultured for 24 hours. The cell morphology of each group was observed under the inverted phase contrast microscope, and the cell survival rate was detected by cell count kit 8 method. (2) Five batches of cells were collected, and the cells of each batch were divided into normal control group, H 2O 2 alone group, and H 2O 2+ PQQ group. The cells in each group received the same treatment as that in the corresponding group of experiment (1). After 24 hours of culture, one batch of cells was collected for apoptosis detection by flow cytometry, and the apoptosis rate was calculated. One batch of cells was subjected to mitochondrial membrane potential assay and JC-1 fluorescent staining observation using the JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential detection kit and the inverted phase contrast fluorescence microscope, respectively. One batch of cells was collected for mitochondrial morphology observation under the transmission electron microscope. One batch of cells was subjected to catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity assay by CAT activity assay kit and SOD activity assay kit, respectively. One batch of cells was subjected to Western blotting for determination of protein level of Epac1, adenine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphorylated AMPK, cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase 3 (caspase-3), and cleaved caspase-3, and the phosphorylation level of AMPK and cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 ratio were calculated. Six replicates were measured in each group for each index except for morphological observation. Data were statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and independent sample equal variance t test. Results:(1) After 24 hours of culture, compared with those in normal control group (the cell survival rate was set to 100.0%), there was an increase in cell vacuole and a decrease in cell number in H 2O 2 alone group, and the cell survival rate was significantly reduced to (74.3±2.9)% ( t=6.39, P<0.01). Compared with those in H 2O 2 alone group, the cell morphology of H 2O 2+ PQQ group was significantly improved, and the cell survival rate was significantly increased to (116.9±4.2)% ( t=6.92, P<0.01); the cell survival rate in normal control+ PQQ group was (101.2±1.1)%, close to that of control group ( t=1.06, P>0.05). (2) After 24 hours of culture, compared with (13.6±1.0)% in normal control group, the apoptosis rate of cells in H 2O 2 alone group was significantly increased to (37.1±2.0)% ( t=10.57, P<0.01). Compared with that in H 2O 2 alone group, the apoptosis rate of cells in H 2O 2+ PQQ group was significantly declined to (17.0±0.7)% ( t=9.49, P<0.01). (3) After 24 hours of culture, compared with those in normal control group, the mitochondrial membrane potential of cells in H 2O 2 alone group was depolarized, the JC-1 fluorescent dye mainly existed in the cytoplasm in the form of monomer, which emitted green fluorescence, and a significant decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential was shown ( t=4.18, P<0.01). Compared with those in H 2O 2 alone group, the mitochondrial membrane potential of cells in H 2O 2+ PQQ group was increased to normal level ( t=4.43, P<0.01), and the JC-1 fluorescent dye accumulated in mitochondria following the polarized mitochondrial membrane potential and emitted red fluorescence. (4) After 24 hours of culture, compared with that in normal control group, the mitochondrial structure of cells in H 2O 2 alone group was disordered, with disappeared mitochondrial cristae and decreased mitochondrial matrix density. Compared with that in H 2O 2 alone group, the mitochondrial structure of cells in H 2O 2+ PQQ group was regular and intact, with clearly visible mitochondrial cristae and increased mitochondrial matrix density. (5) After 24 hours of culture, compared with those in normal control group, the CAT activity of cells in H 2O 2 alone group was significantly increased ( t=4.54, P<0.05), and the SOD activity was significantly decreased ( t=3.93, P<0.05). Compared with those in H 2O 2 alone group, the CAT activity of cells in H 2O 2+ PQQ group was obviously increased ( t=8.65, P<0.01), while there was no significant change in the SOD activity ( t=0.72, P>0.05). (6) After 24 hours of culture, compared with those in normal control group, the protein expression of Epac1 of cells in H 2O 2 alone group was significantly decreased ( t=4.67, P<0.01), while the AMPK phosphorylation level and the cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 ratio were significantly increased ( t=7.88, 3.62, P<0.01). Compared with those in H 2O 2 alone group, the protein expression of Epac1 and the AMPK phosphorylation level of cells in H 2O 2+ PQQ group were both significantly increased ( t=4.34, 16.37, P<0.01), while the cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 ratio was significantly declined ( t=3.17, P<0.05). Conclusions:Pretreatment with PQQ can improve the mitochondrial function, reduce cell apoptosis rate, and enhance cell survival rate of rat BMSCs under oxidative stress, which may be related to the up-regulation of Epac1 protein expression, activation of AMPK signaling pathway, and down-regulation of cleaved caspase-3 protein level.