Objective To build predictive model of secondary mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN), and analyze its apply. Methods The patients with PDN were consecutively selected from March 2013 to March 2016. The relevant clinical data were recorded, and the patients were followed up for 1 year. According to the results of follow-up, secondary MCI risk indicators were predicted, and the time window of adverse outcomes event was validated. Results A total of 82 PDN patients completed the study, and secondary MCI occurred in 16 cases. Sixty-six cases had not secondary MCI. The Cox regression model multivariate analysis results showed that the independent influencing factors of secondary MCI was course of PDN, brief pain inventory (BPI) score and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in patients with PDN (HR = 1.238, 1.336 and 1.450; P<0.05). The secondary time window of the MCI in PDN patients with the course of PDN ≥3.367 years, BPI score≥4.704 scores and NSE ≥ 7.420 μg/L was shorter, in whom BPI score and NSE had a higher evaluation ability. Conclusions The courses of PDN, BPI score and NSE are independent influencing factors of secondary MCI in PDN patients, and the BPI score≥4.704 scores and NSE≥7.420μg/L have a higher evaluation ability.

Objective To explore associated factors of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Methods A total of 161 ICH patients were detected by 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging.Patients were divided into different groups according to ICH location (58 cases with lobar ICH,103 cases with non-lobar ICH).Results Eighty-eight (55％) patients hadCMBs at ICH onset,and 76 (47％) had CMBs during follow-up.Predictors of incident CMBs were ≥ 1 CMBs at ICH onset and old radiological macrohemorrhage.In the patients with nonlobar hemorrhage,CMBs was associated with lacunar state and antiplatelet drug use.In patients with lobar hemorrhage,CMBs was associated with large brain hemorrhage showed by imaging display.Conclusion The prognosis and related factors of CMBs are different according to the location of hemorrhage.

Objective To explore the association between with increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH),particularly in elderly patients with previous ICH.So we investigated whether statin use is associated with increased prevalence of microbleeding (MB),particularly cortico-subcortical microbleeding (csMB).Methods The data of 163 cerebral hemorrhage patients with MRI examination within 30 d of onset.The patients were divided into cortical,subcortical microbleeding (csMB) and microbleeding (oMB) locations,and the location and number of microbleed were compared,and patients were divided into groups according to whether statins were used,whether there was microbleeds (MB),cortical or subcortical microbleeding (csMB).Results There were 64％ patients with lobar ICH,53％ with microbleed and 39％ with csMB.The application of statin had lower cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels,and patients with statin had higher incidence rate of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,and antiplatelet disease.The number of oMB in patients with statin and without statin were similar,and statin-treated patients had more csMB (57％ vs.33％,P =0.007),with almost twice of patients without statin treatment (4.6 +2.7 vs.2.4 + 1.8;P ＜ 0.001).Multivariate factor analysis showed that age and statin use were independently risk factorsforMB(OR=l.03;95％ CI:1.00～1.05;P=0.01,0R=2.72;95％ CI:1.02～7.22;P =0.04,respectively) and csMB (OR =1.03;95％ CI:1.00 ～ 1.06;P =0.01 and OR =4.15;95％ CI:1.54 ～ 11.20,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Statin use in patients with ICH is independently associated with MB,especially csMB.Future studies are needed to confirm our findings and to investigate whether csMB can serve as a marker for ICH risk in statin-treated patients.

Objective To explore associated factors of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Methods A total of 161 ICH patients were detected by 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging.Patients were divided into different groups according to ICH location (58 cases with lobar ICH,103 cases with non-lobar ICH).Results Eighty-eight (55％) patients hadCMBs at ICH onset,and 76 (47％) had CMBs during follow-up.Predictors of incident CMBs were ≥ 1 CMBs at ICH onset and old radiological macrohemorrhage.In the patients with nonlobar hemorrhage,CMBs was associated with lacunar state and antiplatelet drug use.In patients with lobar hemorrhage,CMBs was associated with large brain hemorrhage showed by imaging display.Conclusion The prognosis and related factors of CMBs are different according to the location of hemorrhage.

Objective To explore the association between with increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH),particularly in elderly patients with previous ICH.So we investigated whether statin use is associated with increased prevalence of microbleeding (MB),particularly cortico-subcortical microbleeding (csMB).Methods The data of 163 cerebral hemorrhage patients with MRI examination within 30 d of onset.The patients were divided into cortical,subcortical microbleeding (csMB) and microbleeding (oMB) locations,and the location and number of microbleed were compared,and patients were divided into groups according to whether statins were used,whether there was microbleeds (MB),cortical or subcortical microbleeding (csMB).Results There were 64％ patients with lobar ICH,53％ with microbleed and 39％ with csMB.The application of statin had lower cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels,and patients with statin had higher incidence rate of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,and antiplatelet disease.The number of oMB in patients with statin and without statin were similar,and statin-treated patients had more csMB (57％ vs.33％,P =0.007),with almost twice of patients without statin treatment (4.6 +2.7 vs.2.4 + 1.8;P ＜ 0.001).Multivariate factor analysis showed that age and statin use were independently risk factorsforMB(OR=l.03;95％ CI:1.00～1.05;P=0.01,0R=2.72;95％ CI:1.02～7.22;P =0.04,respectively) and csMB (OR =1.03;95％ CI:1.00 ～ 1.06;P =0.01 and OR =4.15;95％ CI:1.54 ～ 11.20,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Statin use in patients with ICH is independently associated with MB,especially csMB.Future studies are needed to confirm our findings and to investigate whether csMB can serve as a marker for ICH risk in statin-treated patients.