Lung ; pathology ; Pneumoconiosis ; microbiology ; Pseudomonas Infections ; microbiology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Objective : To investigate the effects of the exposure of sludge from sewage treatment plants and microplastic extracted from sludge on the oxidative stress levels in zebrafish, so as to put insights into the research into the impact of sludge and microplastics on human health. Methods : Adult wild AB zebrafish were exposed to five groups of sludge (0, 12.5, 25, 50 and 75 g/L) and four groups of microplastics extract from sludge (0, 240, 480, 960/L), with 24 zebrafish in each group. The color, activity and death of zebrafish were observed every day. The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h and 7 d post-exposure. A two-factor ANOVA was used to analyze the effects of different concentrations and time of exposure on the indicators above. Results : Under 75 g/L sludge exposure, zebrafish began to show mortality at 72 h and all died after 7 d. The zebrafish in the other sludge groups and all microplastic groups had normal color and activity, and no mortality was observed. Sludge concentration interacted with exposure time to affect SOD, CAT, GSH and MDA (P<0.05). With increasing sludge concentration and exposure time, SOD decreased, MDA increased, CAT increased first and then decreased, GSH decreased first and then increased, and GSH continued to decrease since 24 h in the 75 g/L group. The microplastic concentration interacted with exposure time to affect SOD and GSH (P<0.05), but not CAT or MDA (P>0.05). With increasing microplastic concentration and exposure time, SOD and MDA increased, CAT increased first and then decreased, the GSH was slightly increased at 24 h and decreased after 72 h. Conclusion Both sludge and microplastics extracted from sludge can induce oxidative stress damage in zebrafish, and exposure time and concentration can interact to affect oxidative stress levels. The microplastics extracted from sludge have less effect on oxidative stress levels in zebrafish than sludge.

AIM: To induce rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) into cardiomyocytes and investigate the influence of serum coming from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rat on the procedure. METHODS: The passage 3 BMSC were divided into six groups: groupⅠwas control group; groupⅡwas induced with 5-azacytidine; group Ⅲ was induced with 5-azacytidine and serum from AMI rat; group Ⅳ was induced with 5-azacytidine and serum from normal rat; group V and group Ⅵ were induced with serum from AMI rat or normal rat. The cardiac troponin T, GATA-4 and desmin were detected 30 days after induction. RESULTS: After inducing by 5-azacytidine, 5-azacytidine and two kinds of serum, some cells in the three groups differentiated into cardiac like cells. The expressions of cardiac troponin T, GATA-4 and desmin were positive in cells differentiated from BMSC. The troponin T expression in control group and group inducing by AMI serum alone were negative but GATA-4 and desmin expressed weakly. Some cells induced with 5-azacytidine and serum were slowly beating 2 weeks after induction, but the cells induced with 5-azacytidine alone was not beating.CONCLUSION: Serum from AMI can not induce BMSC to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, but it promotes BMSC differentiate into cardiomyocytes induced by 5-azacytidine and facilitate the differentiated cells to mature.

Traditional Chinese patent medicines are widely used to treat stroke because it has good efficacy in the clinical environment.However,because of the lack of knowledge on traditional Chinese patent medicines,many Western physicians,who are accountable for the majority of clinical prescriptions for such medicine,are confused with the use of traditional Chinese patent medicines.Therefore,the aid-decision method is critical and necessary to help Western physicians rationally use traditional Chinese patent medicines.In this paper,Manifold Ranking is employed to develop the aid-decision model of traditional Chinese patent medicines for stroke treatment.First,115 stroke patients from three hospitals are recruited in the cross-sectional survey.Simultaneously,traditional Chinese physicians determine the traditional Chinese patent medicines appropriate for each patient.Second,particular indicators are explored to characterize the population feature of traditional Chinese patent medicines for stroke treatment.Moreover,these particular indicators can be easily obtained by Western physicians and are feasible for widespread clinical application in the future.Third,the aid-decision model of traditional Chinese patent medicines for stroke treatment is constructed based on Manifold Ranking.Experimental results reveal that traditional Chinese patent medicines can be differentiated.Moreover,the proposed model can obtain high accuracy of aid decision.

Objective:To explore the relations among childhood trauma,autistic traits and dysexecutive functions in college students.Methods:Totally 2757 college students were assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ).Sixty-three college students were randomly selected as the abused group according to the subscale cutoff point of CTQ Scale defined by Bernstein,and 93 students were randomly selected from students without history of childhood trauma as the control group.They were assessed with the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS),Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX) to measure depression,autistic traits and abnormality of executive functions,respectively.The individuals from the top and below 27％ of CTQ and AQ scores were defined as higher or lower-level different types of abused group and higher or lower-level autistic traits group,respectively.Results:The differences of DEX scores between higher or lower-level four types of CTQ (emotional abuse,physical abuse,sexual abuse,emotional neglect and physical neglect) and between higher or lower-level autistic traits group were significant (Ps ＜0.05).DEX scores in all higher-level groups were higher than all lower-level groups.Regression analysis showed that DEX score could be positively predicted by scores of emotional abuse,AQ and SDS (β =0.17-0.32,P ＜0.05).SDS score was a mediator between scores of emotional abuse and DEX,and between scores of autistic traits and DEX (95％ confidence interval were 0.05-0.32 and 0.07-0.55,respectively).Conclusion:Childhood trauma and autistic traits may positively predict dysexecutive function,and depression may play a mediating role between emotional abuse and dysexecutive function,and between autistic traits and dysexecutive function.

Objective To investigate the association of the DYS527a/b and DYF387S1a/b multi-allele pattern with Y-SNP haplogroups.Methods Samples from 295 unrelated males who carrying the DYS527a/b multi-allele pattern were amplified by the YFilerPlus? kit.The genotypes of their frequency distributions,including three multi-copy loci(DYS527a/b,DYF387S1a/b,DYS385a/b)and other single-copy loci were obtained.The DYS527a/b multi-allele pattern and their haplotypes were examined for the associations with Y-chromosome haplogroups using the AIYSNP42 kit,which contains 42 Y-SNP loci.Based on the above results,the association between the DYS527a/b multi-allele patter and its constituent Y-STR haplotypes and related haplogroups was discussed.Results Among the 295 samples,the DYS527a/b tri-allele pattern and tetra-allele pattern accounted for 97.29%and 2.71%respectively,while the DYF387S1a/b tri-allele pattern and tetra-allele encompassed 54.24%and 4.75%.Null allele was detected in DYS448 in 13.22%of the samples.Here,7 Y-SNPs were deticted such as O-M175 and C-M131 which encompassed 45.76%and 45.08%.The haplogroups of R1-M173,N-M231,D1-M174,J-M304 and F-M89 were less than 13 cases,with frequencies ranging from 4.41%～0.34%.There were Y-STR genotypes differences among haplogroups,as haplogroup O-M175 was represented by 4 genotypes of Y-STR profiles characterized by DYS385a/b(12/12,as well as 12/17,12/18,12/19),DYS392(13),DYS593(16)and DYS393(12),and haplogroup C-M130 was characterized by DYS527a/b(19/20/21),DYS385a/b(11),DYS593(17),DYS390(23),Y_GATA_H4(11),and DYS444(13)and so on.Conclusion The DYS527a/b multi-allele pattern is frequently observed in the Kunming population with haplogroup C-M130.In the samples from haplogroups O,C,R1 and N,the DYS527a/b and DYF387S1a/b haplotypes frequently exhibit the multi-allele pattern.Given the frequencies of different haplogroups and the association between Y-SNP haplogroups and Y-STR loci,it could be helpful to look for more details in the paternal lineage search.

Objective:To investigate the value of pulse oxygen saturation (SpO 2) monitoring in predicting children with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods:It was a retrospective study involving 341 children with snoring during nighttime sleep who had visited the Children′s Hospital of Soochow University from June 2017 to November 2020 and monitored for polysomnography (PSG) and SpO 2.The SpO 2 parameters mainly included oxygen desaturation index (ODI), oxygen desaturation index ≥3% (ODI3), oxygen desaturation index ≥4% (ODI4), mean pulse blood oxygen saturation (MSpO 2), lowest pulse blood oxygen saturation (LSpO 2), cumulative time spent with blood oxygen saturation below 95%, 92% and 90%(T95, T92 and T90). According to obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea index (OAHI), patients were divided into the snoring and mild OSA group (OAHI≤5 times/h) and moderate-to-severe OSA group (OAHI>5 times/h). Differences in SpO 2 parameters were compared between groups using the Chi- square test and Mann- Whitney U test. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between SpO 2 parameters and OAHI in all children.The SpO 2 parameters were included in the Logistic regression model.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficiency of SpO 2 parameters on moderate-to-severe OSA. Results:A total of 341 patients were recruited, including 206 male and 135 female patients with the mean age, body mass index (BMI) and OAHI of 6.0 (4.0, 7.5) years, 16.2 (15.1, 18.0) kg/m 2 and 0.6 (0.1, 3.0) times /h, respectively.There were 283(83.0%) and 58 (17.0%) patients in the snoring and mild OSA group and moderate-to-severe OSA group.The ODI3[0.7 (0.3, 1.4) times/h vs.7.7 (4.4, 12.8) times/h], ODI4[0.4 (0.1, 0.8) times/h vs.5.3 (2.7, 9.1) times/h], T95[1.4 (0.3, 5.3) min vs.13.7 (7.0, 33.5) min], T92[0.1 (0, 0.5) min vs.1.8 (0.9, 6.0) min] and T90[0 (0, 0.1) min vs.0.6 (0.2, 2.2) min] were significantly lower in the snoring and mild OSA group than those of moderate-to-severe group, while LSpO 2[91.0 (89.0, 93.0)% vs.86.5 (82.0, 88.0)%] and MSpO 2[ 97.0 (97.0, 98.0)% vs.96.0 (96.0, 97.0)%] were significantly higher(all P<0.001). All SpO 2 parameters were significantly correlated with OAHI (all P<0.001), and the correlation coefficient between ODI3 and OAHI was 0.660.ODI3 was an independent predictor of moderate-to-severe OSA ( OR=3.117, 95% CI: 1.635-5.945, P=0.001). The area under the ROC curve of ODI3 in predicting the moderate-to-severe OSA was 0.957, and the cut-off value of 3.45 times/h and specificity of 95.4%.MSpO 2 was an independent predictor of moderate-to-severe OSA ( OR=2.917, 95% CI: 1.589-5.354, P=0.001). Conclusions:ODI3 can be used to predict the moderate-to-severe OSA in children.

Objective:To analyze the electroencephalogram (EEG) features of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and to combine the characteristics for classification and prediction.Methods:One hundred and thirty-five patients attending the Department of Neurology at the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University were enrolled, including 34 patients with AD, 67 patients with MCI, and 34 healthy control (HC). The electroencephalogram signals of these patients in the resting state were collected and preprocessed. Relative power spectral density features and sample entropy features on a multi-band scale were extracted to compare the whole-brain differences in electroencephalogram features among the 3 groups of subjects, and then subdivided into brain regions and individual leads for in-depth analysis. The above two features were fused to classify and predict AD, MCI, and HC by support vector machine (SVM).Results:The frontal regions had higher δ relative power spectral densities than the other regions, and the occipital and temporal regions showed relatively lower distributions. θ-Band relative power spectral densities had a more even distribution of sizes across brain regions. α-Band relative power spectral densities were concentrated in the occipital lobe, while β-band relative power spectral densities were mainly concentrated in the parietal and temporal lobes. Except for the central lobe, the δ-band relative power spectral densities of the AD group were higher than those of the MCI group ( P < 0.05) and HC group ( P < 0.01) in all brain regions and the whole brain. θ-band relative power spectral densities of the AD group were higher than those of the MCI gourp ( P < 0.001) and HC group ( P < 0.001) in the whole brain and in all brain regions. α-Band relative power spectral densities of the AD group were lower than those of the other groups only in the temporal lobe (all P < 0.05). The relative power spectral density of the β-band in the AD group was higher than that of the other groups in the whole brain and in all brain regions ( P < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001). The difference in the relative power spectral density of the δ-band in the C3 lead in the central lobe of the AD and HC groups was statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The relative power spectral density of the γ-band in the temporal lobe was higher than that in the other regions of the AD group, the MCI group, and the HC group. The relative power spectral density of the γ-band in the T3 lead in the AD group was significantly lower than that in the T4 lead. The average entropy of samples in the whole brain and in each brain region was lower than that in the HC group in the AD and MCI groups (all P < 0.05). The entropy of the samples at lead C3 in the AD group was lower than that in the MCI group ( P < 0.05). The differences between the relative power spectral density, sample entropy, and the actual data classification evaluation indexes (accuracy rate, precision rate, recall rate, and F1 score) that fused the two features, and the rearranged data were all statistically significant (all P < 0.001). When the relative power spectral density feature and the sample entropy feature were fused in the classification features, the best classification prediction was achieved, with an accuracy rate of 80%, a precision rate of 78%, a recall rate of 78%, and the F1 score of 79%. Conclusions:Relative power spectral density and sample entropy analysis can reveal the abnormalities of electroencephalogram activities of AD and MCI patients from different perspectives (linear and nonlinear), and the combination of these two features in classification prediction can improve the classification effect.

Objective To investigate the association between microvariants at locus DYS570 and Y-SNPs haplogroup.Methods 89 Y-SNPs and 34 Y-STRs in AIYSNP42,AIYSNP47 and YfilerTM Platinum kits were used to detect the genotype of 116 microvariants at locus DYS570 in Kunming,and the Set-B kit was used to detect the core repeat sequences of the DYS570 locus.The data were statistically analyzed by direct counting method.Then,a network map was drawn by Network 10.2,in order to visualize the genetic information of the sample.Results The results demonstrated that 111 DYS570/18.3-21.3 samples had a core repeat sequence of TTT[TITC]18-21,belonging to subgroup O2a2b1a1a1a4-F14494.A DYS570/20.3 sample had a core repeat sequence of[TTTC]15TTC[TTTC]5,belonging to O2a1b1a1a1a1e-F1365 subgroup.A DYS570/17.1 sample had a core repeat sequence of[TTTC]17 T,belonging to the O2a1b1a1a1a-F11 subgroup.Three DYS570(19.2)samples had[TTTC]3 TT[TTTC]16,belonging to the D1a1a-M15 haplogroup.Conclusion The results indicated that the microvariant with the same core repeat structure at locus DYS570 was associated with haplogroups,and the ancestry origin of samples can be inferenced from microvariant characteristics during the practice of forensic medicine.

Syndromes of coronary heart disease with angina pectoris were analyzed to provide guidance for clinical practice and to improve accuracy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnoses and efficacy of TCM treatment. A total of 860 cases with coronary heart disease with angina pectoris were selected from TCM Clinical Research Information Sharing System for TCM clinics and research. Syndromes were automatically extracted with the cluster method and were analyzed to provide objective evidence for clinical studies. Final syndrome classifications were recognized and confirmed by clinical experts. Popular syndromes included Qi and blood deficiency, blood stasis and obstruction collaterals, liver depression and spleen deficiency, and Qi stagnation and blood stasis. Syndromes Qi and blood deficiency and blood stasis and obstruction collaterals accounted for 28.61% of total syndromes, whereas liver depression and spleen deficiency and Qi stagnation and blood stasis accounted for 26.44%. The main syndrome elements comprised Qi deficiency, blood deficiency, blood stasis, and Qi stagnation.
Aged ; Angina Pectoris ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Cluster Analysis ; Coronary Disease ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Syndrome