The most Cytokines are found to be produced and functional in both of immune systemsand nervous system, which become a foundation of interaction between nervous and immune system.Macrophage and microglia may play an important role in the study of CNS injury and regeneration.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)is the most common progressive liver disease worldwide.Currently,there is no satisfy-ing treatment for NAFLD.Research progress in fatty acid bile acid conjugates (FABACs)and ursodeoxycholyl lysophosphatidylethanolamide (UDCA-LPE),which are two novel liver targeted drugs with anti-NAFLD effects,is reviewed.FABACs,which reduce liver fat in pa-tients with NAFLD induced by high-fat diet by regulating lipid metabolism,have been proved effective in preventing and treating NAFLD. The safety and efficacy of FABACs in NAFLD patients have been confirmed in a phase II,randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial.UDCA-LPE can not only reduce liver fat in NAFLD patients,but also inhibit mitochondrial damage and apoptosis and promote hepa-tocyte regeneration,with a marked anti-inflammatory effect during the development of NAFLD.Therefore,FABACs and UDCA-LPE hold promise for preventing and treating NAFLD.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the serum free IGF-1 level and the severity and prognosis in patients with chronic severe hepatitis. Methods Serum free IGF-1 was assessed by ELISA in 44 patients with chronic severe hepatitis, 43 chronic viral hepatitis, 46 liver cirrhosis. At the same time the liver function, prothrombin activity and cholinesterase were also determined. Results Serum free IGF-1 in patients with chronic severe hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and chronic viral hepatitis was 0.24?0.15,0.33?0.17 and 1.06?0.70 (ng/ml), respectively. IGF-1 was significantly decreased in patients with chronic severe hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. IGF-1 level in patients with chronic severe hepatitis at early, middle and advanced stages was 0.28?0.07, 0.27?0.19 and 0.16?0.06 (ng/ml), respectively. The reduction in the value showed a positive correlation with different stages of chronic severe hepatitis. Patients with chronic severe hepatitis having a serum free IGF-1 below 0.2ng/ml had a higher mortality, and those with the value above 0.35ng/ml had a better chance to survive during the follow-up period. There was a significant positive correlation between serum free IGF-1 and prothrombin activity. Conclusion Serum free IGF-1 was decreased in the patients with chronic severe hepatitis. The clinical observation suggested that the serum free IGF-1 might be an important prognostic indicator in patients with chronic severs hepatitis.

Objective To observe the clinical effect and safety of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) on osteoporosis vertebral compres-sion fractures (OVCF) in elderly. Methods From January, 2014 to May, 2015, 88 patients with OVCF treated with PKP were retrospective studied. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Dysfunction Index (ODI) were used to evaluate the pain and quality of life, and the ky-photic angle (Cobb's angle) and anterior vertebral body height were recorded before operation, one week after operation and the last fol-low-up. The cement leakage and its effect on nerve function were recorded. Results Bone cement leakage was found in eleven patients, in which two in pedicle, three in venous leakage, three in intervertebral disc and three in vertebral posterior. Nerve root symptoms appeared in one patient, who was treated with decompression. The scores of VAS and ODI, and the Cobb's angel were significantly lower (t>29.518, P<0.001), and the vertebral body height was significantly higher (t>35.173, P<0.001) one week after operation and the last follow-up than be-fore operation. Conclusion PKP is safe and effective for OVCF in elderly. It can efficiently reduce the pain, correct kyphotic deformity and improve the quality of life.

Wistar male rats were divided into two grorps, The experimental group was madethe paraplegia model. BOth groups were received cefazolinum 250 mg through single-dosed intra-venous injection. The concentration was measured by HPLC. The result implied that a).the concentra-tion of cefazolinum in paraplegic group was higher than that in control group either the distributingphase or the eliminating phase(p<0. 001);b). the pharmacokinetic parameters showed that the apparent vlumeof distribution:(v1,v2)was decreased and the elimination. half-life(t1/2β)was more length-y in paraplegia group. So that the drug concentration increased. The conclusion is that the dosege on thepatients with paraplegia should be clinically monitored,especilly following hepatic and renal disfunctionand with the drugs with narrowed safety range.

Visceral myopathy is a rare disorder characterized by atrophy,losing and fibrosis of visceral smooth muscle.Digestive tract is often invaded by the lesions,and the symptoms are various according to different lesions and degrees.Small intestinal involvement is characterized by abdominal distension,diarrhea and vomiting.Colon involvement is characterized by chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction.Malnutrition and hypoproteinemia may be secondary to this disease.The diagnosis of visceral myopathy is difficult,paralytic ileus,chronic constipation and systemic sclerosis must be considered in the differential diagnosis.The progression of the disease is slow,and the longterm prognosis is poor.In this article,the diagnosis and treatment of visceral myopathy causing acute intestinal pseudoobstruction were introduced based on the clinical data of 1 patient.

Objective To determine the serum soluble CD226/PTA1(sCD226/PTA1)level in pa-tients with psoriasis vulgaris.Methods Serum sCD226/PTA1level was measured by sandwich ELISA in30patients with psoriasis vulgaris before treatment(17patients in active stage and13in inactive stage),10patients after treatment,and15healthy individuals as a control.Results Serum sCD226/PTA1level was significantly increased in patients with psoriasis compared with that in healthy controls(P

Objective:To investigate the promotive effect of 4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzotriazole (TBB) on the apoptosis of the human cervical cancer HeLa cells,and to clarify its effect mechanism in related signaling pathways.Methods:The human cervical cancer HeLa cells at logarithmic growth phase were divided into control group(without TBB) and experiment group(with TBB).MTT assay was used to detect the survival rate of the HeLa cells;the morphology of HeLa cells was observed under inverted microscope;Annexin Ⅴ-FITC/PI double staining and flow cytometry(FCM) were used to determine the apoptotic rates of the HeLa cells;the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins p-Akt,Akt,Bcl-2,Bax,cleaved-caspase-3,and Pro-caspase-3 were detected by Western blotting method.Results:The MTT results showed that the survival rates of the HeLa cells in experiment group were significantly decreased(P<0.01) in a dose-dependent manner compared with control group.The apoptotic morphology of the HeLa cells in experiment group were found as cell shrinkage and karyopyknosis under inverted microscope.The Annexin Ⅴ-FITC/PI double staining and FCM results showed that the apoptotic rates of the HeLa cells in experiment group (3,6,12 and 24 h) were higher than that in control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The Western blotting results showed that compared with control group,the expression levels of the anti-apoptotic proteins p-Akt and Bcl-2 in HeLa cells in experiment group were decreased obviously,whereas the expression levels of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 were increased and the expression levels of Pro-caspase-3 were decreased.Conclusion:TBB may promote the apoptosis of human cervical cancer HeLa cells by inhibiting the Akt signaling pathway.

ObjectiveTo compare the predictive value of anatomic scoring system, physiological scoring system, and the combination of two systems in death prediction of patients with severe trauma in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods A retrospective analysis of patients with severe trauma admitted to department of critical care medicine of Daping Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, and Zunyi Medical University from January 2011 to December 2014 was conducted. The patients meeting the following criteria were enrolled: over 16 years old, admitted to hospital shorter than 24 hours after trauma, length of ICU stay≥48 hours, and injury severity score (ISS)≥16. Patients were divided into two groups: survivors and non-survivors. The data of anatomic scoring system, including ISS and new injury severity score (NISS), and physiological scoring system, including acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ) score were collected. The predictive power for death of the scoring system alone or combination in patients with severe trauma was evaluated.Results A total of 614 patients with severe trauma were enrolled, and there were 153 deaths with a mortality rate of 24.9%. ISS, NISS, APACHEⅡ, ISS+ APACHEⅡ, NISS+ APACHEⅡ of non-survivors were significantly higher than those of survivors (ISS: 29.15±7.75 vs. 24.31±6.50, NISS: 41.96±12.01 vs. 29.64±8.19, APACHEⅡ: 23.71±6.58 vs. 17.02±5.49, ISS+ APACHEⅡ: 52.86±10.00 vs. 41.33±8.70, NISS+ APACHEⅡ: 65.67±13.46 vs. 46.66±10.43, allP< 0.01). The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of ISS, NISS, APACHEⅡ, ISS+ APACHEⅡ, NISS+ APACHEⅡ was 0.687, 0.792, 0.782, 0.809, and 0.860, respectively. Both of ISS+ APACHEⅡ and NISS+ APACHEⅡ had higher AUC than that of ISS, NISS or APACHEⅡ alone; and the AUC of NISS+ APACHEⅡ was significantly larger than that of ISS+ APACHEⅡ(allP< 0.05). NISS+ APACHEⅡ showed the largest AUC in death prediction of severe trauma patients. The cut-off value, sensitivity, specificity, positive predict value (+PV), negative predict value (-PV), positive likelihood ratio (+LR), negative likelihood ratio (-LR), and Youden index of NISS+ APACHEⅡ, which had the greatest AUC, were 56, 75.2%, 82.0%, 58.1%, 90.9%, 4.17, 0.30, and 0.572, respectively.Conclusion The combination of anatomic scoring system and physiological scoring system is better than single scoring system for death prediction in patients with severe trauma in ICU, and it may be considered to be a new method for early identification of death risk in patients with severe trauma.

Objective To construct recombinant expression vector TAT-SOX2 and express the fusion protein in E.coli BL21.Methods SOX2 fragment were amplified by PCR.The product was digested with restriction enzymes then was inserted into PET-28b-TAT-V2 which contains protein transduction domain of TAT.The recombinant vector was transformed into E.coli BL and induced with IPTG.The expressed fusion protein was analyzed by using SDS-PAGE method.The highly expressed product was purified by affinity chromatography.Western blotting was used to identify the specificity of the fusion protein.The immunofluorescence was used to detect the efficiency of fusion protein transduced to HSF cells.Results The recombinant expression vector TAT-SOX2 was correctly constructed and fusion protein TAT-SOX2 was successfully expressed in prokaryotic cells.Western blotting showed the specificity of the fusion protein.The immunofluorescence prompt fusion protein was transduced into HSF cells quickly.Conclusion This study provides the material basis for the further induced pluripotent stem cells by protein transduction.