AIM: To measure and compare the content of glycyrrhizic polysaccharides in Glycyrrhiza in three different growth time. METHODS: The contents of polysaccharides were determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method and by reference to glucose, and wavelenth in spectrophotometer was set at 490 nm. RESULTS: There was difference of the content of the extracted polysaccharides among Glycyrrhiza for 1, 2 and 3 year, amounted to 11.75%, 11.07%, 7.88%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Annual glycyrrhiza appeared to be the appropriat crude drug for polysacchrides content. 1.Colle

To discuss the treatment strategy for outpatient diminutive colorectal polyps.
 Methods: Diminutive colonic polyps (≤5 mm in size) patients detected at the initial screening colonoscopy between January 2012 to December 2014 at outpatient endoscopy center of the Second Xiangya Hospital were retrospectively studied. The linear growth rate of the natural history cases without polypectomy (Group A, n=31) and the recurrence rate after polypectomy (Group B, n=212) were analyzed. Then the adenoma detection rate, the incidence of advanced adenoma and cancer were compared between the 2 groups.
 Results: Patients were followed up for 1.5-57.6 months. In the Group A, 61.2% patients' linear diameter remained stable and 19.4% patients were progressed. The growth rate in 12.1-24.0 months were the highest (25.0%). In the Group B, overall recurrence rate was 16% after polypectomy in the Group B. The highest recurrence rate for the first follow-up was 12.1-24.0 months, accounting for 14.3%. The adenoma detection rates in the Group A and the Group B were 38.7% and 54.2%, respectively. In the Group A, 3.2% of patients naturally progressed to advanced adenoma, and 1.4% of patients in the Group B relapsed into advanced adenoma. No cancerous patients were found in either group.
 Conclusion: Outpatient diminutive colorectal polyps can be temporarily unremoved for colonoscopy screening. It is advisable to perform colonoscopy within 12-24 months.
Colonic Polyps ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Outpatients ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of ZNF217 in regulating cell proliferation, migration and invasion in glioma cells.

METHDOSA lentivirus-mediated shRNA-ZNF217 vector was infected into glioma U251 cells, and the interference efficiency was examined by Western blotting. MTT assay, flow cytometry, Transwell assay, and Boyden chamber assay were used to analyze the changes in cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Western blotting was used to detect the changes in ZNF217-related genes in the cells.

RESULTSshRNA-ZNF217 transfection significantly inhibited the expression of ZNF217 in U251 cells and suppressed the cell migration, invasion, growth, and cell cycle transition. ZNF217 knockdown downregulated the expression of pPI3, pAKT, C-Myc, and the mesenchyme biomarker N-cadherin, and stimulated the expression of the epithelium biomarker E-cadherin.

CONCLUSIONZNF217 promotes cell migration, invasion, and growth by activating PI3K/AKT signal to upregulate C-Myc and by modulating the genes associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in glioma cells.

Cadherins ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Genetic Vectors ; Glioma ; pathology ; Humans ; Lentivirus ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Trans-Activators ; genetics ; Transfection

Various posttranslational modifications (PTMs) participate in nearly all aspects of biological processes by regulating protein functions, and aberrant states of PTMs are frequently implicated in human diseases. Therefore, an integral resource of PTM-disease associations (PDAs) would be a great help for both academic research and clinical use. In this work, we reported PTMD, a well-curated database containing PTMs that are associated with human diseases. We manually collected 1950 known PDAs in 749 proteins for 23 types of PTMs and 275 types of diseases from the literature. Database analyses show that phosphorylation has the largest number of disease associations, whereas neurologic diseases have the largest number of PTM associations. We classified all known PDAs into six classes according to the PTM status in diseases and demonstrated that the upregulation and presence of PTM events account for a predominant proportion of disease-associated PTM events. By reconstructing a disease-gene network, we observed that breast cancers have the largest number of associated PTMs and AKT1 has the largest number of PTMs connected to diseases. Finally, the PTMD database was developed with detailed annotations and can be a useful resource for further analyzing the relations between PTMs and human diseases. PTMD is freely accessible at http://ptmd.biocuckoo.org.
Databases, Protein ; Disease ; genetics ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Humans ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Proteins ; metabolism ; Search Engine