Objective To evaluate the value of CT coronal scan in diagnosis of invasion of skull base by nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).Methods The status of the skull base of 186 cases with NPC showed by CT coronal and axial scan was analyzed retrospectively,these cases were proved by pathology.Results In the 186 cases of NPC,the invasion of the base of skull wasn't revealed in 98 cases(52.7%)by CT coronal and axial scan.CT coronal scan showed bone invasion in 5 cases(2.7%),while the invasion wasn't recognized by axial scan.By CT coronal scan,the invasion of skull base was confirmed in 9 and excluded in 16 of 25 cases(13.4%)in which the invasion was uncertain by axial scan.Wider and deeper invasion was recognized in 23 cases(12.3%) by coronal scan,though obvious invasion had been diagnosed after axial scan.Accordant invasion was displayed in 35 cases(18.8%) by CT coronal and axial scan.Conclusion CT coronal scan is valuable for demonstrating whether the base of skull is invaded or not and the position,range and degree of the invasion.Only by combining CT axial with coronal scan a complete and objective conclusion can be drawn.

Objective To explore the CT appearances of solitary pulmonary metastases(SPM)in order to improve the level of CT diagnosis of SPM.Methods The CT findings of 21 cases with SPM proved by pathology were analyzed retrospectively . Results 1.The distribution of lesions:in 21 cases with SPM were:10 ( 47.6% ) niduses in left lung , 11 ( 52.4% ) lung in right ;3 (14.3% ) in bilateral superior lobuses ( excluding segmentum lingulare ),5 ( 23.8% ) in lobus medius and segmentum lingulare,13 ( 61.9% ) in inferior lobuses;14(66.7%)in external 1/3 of lung field,5(23.8%)in middle 1/3 and 2(9.5%)in interior1/3; 2.The diameter of lesions were:d3 cm(4,19.0%). 3.The shape and the margin of lesions were:circular or ellipse niduses with smooth surface and clear tumor-lung interface in 15 ( 71.4% ) ,irregular-shaped niduses in 6 ( 28.6% ) , with lobulation sign in 3 , spiculae in 2 , pleural indentation,bronchovascular bundles and halo in 1 respectively ; 4.The density of lesions were:Uniform soft tissular density in 16 cases(76.2%),calcification in 2,cavity in 1 and necrotic area in 2; 5.In all 21 cases,it was not found that SPM invaded bronchi nearby .Conclusion SPM has some certain characterizes on CT,but only by combining CT appearances with clinic and pathology,its correct diagnosis can be done.

Objective To explore the CT manifestations,incidence,etiology and clinical significance of hyperostosis frontalis in-terna (HFI).Methods CT features of 243 cases HFI were analyzed retrospectively.Based on the maximum thickness of the inner table of the frontal bone,HFI was classified into 4 grades as follows:GradeⅠ─ thickness of 2.8-6.0 mm,GradeⅡ─ thickeness of 6.1-10.0 mm,Grade Ⅲ ─ thickness of 10.1-14.0 mm,Grade Ⅳ ─ thickness of greater than 14.1 mm.According to the in-crassating direction,HFI was classified into inward,outward and intermediate type.Results The inner table of the frontal bone was incrassated in all cases (n=243).The thickness ranged between 2.93 mm and 14.64 mm,including GradeⅠin 68 cases (28.0%), GradeⅡin 71 cases (29.2%),Grade Ⅲ in 69 cases (28.4%)and Grade Ⅳ in 35 cases (14.4%).There were inward type in 82 ca-ses (33.7%),outward type in 59 cases (24.3%)and intermediate type in 102 cases (42.0%).The incidence of HFI was 5.47% in postmenopausal women,with 7.14% in overweight and 9.09% in obese women respectively.Conclusion HFI is common in the postmenopausal women,and CT manifestations of HFI are characteristic.

Objective To investigate the variation of the thioredoxin system (Trx),and the role of it in transient out-ward potassium current (Ito) channels in left ventricular myocytes of diabetes mellitus (DM) in rats. Methods Forty-five SD rats were divided into DM group and control group. DM group were treated with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce DM model. The values of left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), end-systolic diameter (LVESD), fractional shortening (LVFS), ejection fraction (LVEF) and heart rate (HR), QRS duration and corrected QT (QTc) interval were detected by echocardiogra-phy (UCG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) in two groups. The left ventricular myocardial tissue samples were taken to detect the Trx,glutaredoxin (GRX),thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and glutathione reductase (GR) by using UV spectrophotometer. The level of free thiol (P-SH) of total cardiac protein was detected by 5, 5′-dithio-bis-2-nitrobenzoic acid method. Ito of the cardiomyocytes was recorded by whole-cell patch-clamp method. After being incubated in vitro with insulin(Ins), treated with TrxR inhibitor-auranofin(AF) and 13-cis-retinoic acid(RA), the changes of Ito of the cardiomyocytes were observed. Results Compared with control group, the values of heart rate (HR), left ventricular minor axis decurtaion rate (LVFS), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and TrxR were lower in DM group. The values of LVEDD, LVESD, QRS and QTc inter-vals, Trx, Grx and P-SH were higher in DM group than those of control group. Ito density was significantly higher in DM+Ins group than that of DM group, Ins+RA group and Ins+AF group when the stimulation voltage ≥ 0 mV (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion The impaired Trx system in diabetic rat myocardium was the electrophysiological basis of the reduced ventric-ular function and arrhythmia. And Ins was able to reverse the decreased Ito of cardiomyocytes in DM rats.