OBJECTIVE: To analyze the chemical compositions of the essential oil from the rhizomes of Atractylodes lancea and determine their relative contents.METHODS:The essential oil was extracted from the rhizomes of Atractylodes lancea by steam distillation method.GC-MS multiple techniques were applied to isolate the constituents and identify their structures.RESULTS: 44 constituents were isolated and 33 of them were detected.The main compositions in the essential oil were ?-eudesmol,Atractylon,Hinesol and Atractylodin.Computed by area normalization method,the contents of the four compositions were 18.894%,13.707%,11.053% and 6.815%,respectively.CONCLUSION: This experiment is conducive to the correct evaluation of the quality of the cultivated Atractylodes Lancea

Objective To study the apoptosis-inducing effect of recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 8 with soluble TRAIL gene on human colon cancer cell line HCT116. Method Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 8 with TRAIL gene was generated by triple plasmid transfection of HEK293 cells with phosphate calcium precipitation. After infected by recombinant virus, cell growth assay was carried out by counting alive cells after trypan blue exclusion. Alternations of cell morphology was examined by microscopy. Cell apoptosis was detected by DNA laddering. The protein expressions of apoptosis-3 and apoptosis-8 were detected by Western blotting. Result The growth rate of the AAV8-sTRAIL infected HCT116 cells was significantly inhibited. Recombinant virus induced apoptosis in colon tumor cells by triggering caspase cascade, but not in normal human hepatocytes. Conclusion AAV8-sTRAIL efficiently suppresses the growth of human colon cancer cell line HCT116 by inducing apoptosis, with no evident toxicity to normal cell.

objectlve To investigate the efficacy of continuous low-dose fluorouracil with cetuximab for antiangiogenic effect on colon carcinoma xenograft,and test its antitumor effect and toxicity.Methods Balb/c mice bearing CT-26 colon carcinoma xenograft were randomly divided into five groups,receiving low-dose metronomic(LDM)fluorouracil,maximum tolerated dose(MTD)fluorouracil,cetuximab,LDM fluorouracil with cetuximab therapy and saline respectively.Tumor growth,weight loss,peripheral white blood cell counts and survival of mice were monitoted.At the end of experiment,tumors were resected for tumor microvascular density(MVD)by immunofluorescence staining. Results Tumor growth inhibition was found in mice receiving LDM fluorouracil therapy and combined therapy,without significant body weight loss or leukopenia,and the survival of mice was remarkably prolonged,compared with mice receiving MTD fluorouracil or cetuximab therapy,and the antitumor effects of the combined therapy was stronger than that of the fluorouracil LDM therapy.LDM treatment and combine treatment led to statistically significant(P＜0.05)55%and 71%reduction in tumor growth,as well as 73%and 77% reduction in tumor microvessel density compared with the control respectively.Additonally,tunnel staining shows no significant difference between these treatment groups. Conclusion Continuous low-dose regimen of fluorouracil with cetuximab can significantly increase the therapeutic activity with decreased toxicity and prolonged animal survival bearing implanted colon cancer.

Objective To investigate the value of dynamic three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound (3D-CEUS) in evaluating therapeutic response of hepatoma treated with radiofrequency ablation (RFA).Methods Totally 48 cases of patients with hepatic carcinoma (48 lesions) admitted in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from September 2012 to January 2014 were selected.All patients underwent radiofrequency ablation,of which 30 patients were diagnosed by pathology after surgery,18 patients by clinical diagnosis.All patients underwent two-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound (2D-CEUS) and 3D-CEUS 1 month and 3 months after RFA treatment to evaluate the therapeutic response,and the results of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and enhanced computed tomography (CT) [or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)] were compared.The final diagnostic results of pathologic biopsy or more than two imaging examinations [ultrasonography,CT,MRI,positron emission tomography (PET)],tumor markers,and more than 3 months follow-up of patients were used as the gold standard.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of dynamic 3D-CEUS,2D-CEUS,enhanced CT (or MRI) in the diagnosis of tumor inactivation were calculated respectively.Results After radiofrequency ablation,dynamic 3D-CEUS could provide more valuable information in 75.0％ (36/48) lesions,which contribute to assess the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation.While compared with 2D-CEUS,3D-CEUS did not change the diagnosis or clinical management in 12 (25.0％) lesions.40 of 48 lesions were found no-enhancement in entire CEUS procedure suggesting that the tumor completely inactivated,while 8 lesions showed local enhancement on the edge of lesion suggesting that part of the tumors were active.39 of 48 lesions showed no-enhancement and other 9 with irregular enhancement on enhanced CT (or MRI).The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of CEUS and enhanced CT (or MRI) in detection of residual tumor after radiofrequency ablation were 80.0％,100％,95.8％ and 80.0％,97.4％,93.8％,respectively.Conclusions There was no statistical significance among 3D-CEUS,2D-CEUS and enhanced CT or MRI in evaluating therapeutic response of hepatoma treated with radiofrequency ablation.But 3D-CEUS can provide more valuable information,3D-CEUS has potential usefulness in the evaluation of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of hepatic tumors.

Objective To explore the clinical features of cerebral hemorrhage associated with nephrotic syndrome (NS) as well as its underlying pathogenesis. Methods The clinical material of seven NS patients with cerebral hemorrhage were analyzed. Results The age of the seven patients was ranged from 5 to 56 years, including four male and three female. There were four patients with coagulopathy, six patients with elevated level of D-dimer and four patients with renal function impairment. Six patients had hyperlipidemia and four patients had severe proteinuria (>5 g/d). In the acute phase of hemorrhage onset, five patients developed cerebral hemorrhage in the lobes, two patients in the basal ganglia. Three patients were in coma on the first day of hemorrhage. On the 30th day after cerebral hemorrhage onset, four patients died and two patients had moderate cognitive dysfunction (modifed Rankin Scale, 3-5). Conclusion The patients of cerebral hemorrhage associated with NS may be in a serious illness state and have poor prognosis. Most of patients have elevated level of D-dimer, hyperlipidemia, and severe proteinuria, the biochemical abnormalities associated with NS. Most hemorrhages occur in the lobes which may be caused by coagulopathy.

Objective To survey the status and related demands of advanced clinical training among community general practitioners (GPs) in Shanghai.Methods A survey on the status and demands of advanced clinical training was conducted with a self-designed questionnaire among GPs in Minhang District and Jiading District of Shanghai from January to May 2016.The questionnaire included basic information , experience of advanced clinical training , satisfaction with training and training demands .Results Total 526 questionnaire were distributed and 478 valid questionnaires were returned with a response rate of 90.9%. Among the participants 202 (42.3%) had experience of advanced clinical study ; the training units were mainly secondary hospitals in Shanghai (69.3%, 140/202); 67.2%(131/195) participants considered that the previous training did not fully meet the needs of the community .There was significant difference in the training demands among participants with different ages , professional titles, and working years ( χ2＝12.754, 7.912, 4.501, all P＜0.01); those with younger age, higher education and shorter working years had higher training demands .Survey showed that 57.3%( 274/478 ) of participants demanded further studies in the future; 58.3%( 239/410) of them chose tertiary hospitals in Shanghai as training unit , 79.0%(321/406) chose internal medicine and geriatrics as training specialties , particularly in outpatient clinic (73.2%, 298/407); the length of study should be 3 months (32.8%, 132/402) or 6 months (27.6%, 111/402), and completed in segments (61.5%, 253/411).The purpose of training was mainly to upgrade clinical competence (94.2%, 258/272); busy working schedule (53.4%, 66/116) was the main reason for not intending the advanced clinical studies .Conclusions The community general practitioners in Shanghai have high demands for advanced clinical training .The training should meet the needs of clinical practice in community and the mode of study should be more flexible .

With the increasing prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF), the incidence of its complications, such as ischemic stroke and thromboembolism is also increasing. According to the two-way referral system proposed by health authorities, AF management should be carried out mainly in primary care settings;and studies show that general practitioners play an indispensable role in AF management. At present,however,the inappropriate anticoagulation,AF complications and risk awareness are three major problems in the primary care of AF management in China. This article reviews the status quo and future prospect of AF management in primary care to provide suggestions for better management of AF in primary care level.

Nonspecific inflammatory response is the major cause for failure of islet grafts at the early phase of intraportal islet transplantation (IPIT). Bilirubin, a natural product of heme catabolism, has displayed anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. The present study has demonstrated that bilirubin protected islet grafts by inhibiting nonspecific inflammatory response in a syngeneic rat model of IPIT. The inflammation-induced cell injury was mimicked by exposing cultured rat insulinoma INS-1 cells to cytokines (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma) in in vitro assays. At appropriate lower concentrations, bilirubin significantly attenuated the reduced cell viability and enhanced cell apoptosis induced by cytokines, and protected the insulin secretory function of INS-1 cells. Diabetic inbred male Lewis rats induced by streptozotocin underwent IPIT at different islet equivalents (IEQs) (optimal dose of 1000, and suboptimal doses of 750 or 500), and bilirubin was administered to the recipients every 12 h, starting from one day before transplantation until 5 days after transplantation. Administration of bilirubin improved glucose control and enhanced glucose tolerance in diabetic recipients, and reduced the serum levels of inflammatory mediators including IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and NO, and inhibited the infiltration of Kupffer cells into the islet grafts, and restored insulin-producing ability of transplanted islets.
Animals ; Apoptosis/drug effects/immunology ; Bilirubin/*administration & dosage/pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cytokines/immunology/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*drug therapy/*immunology ; Inflammation ; Inflammation Mediators/immunology/metabolism ; Islets of Langerhans/drug effects/*immunology/injuries/pathology ; *Islets of Langerhans Transplantation ; Male ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects/immunology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Transplantation, I

OBJECTIVE: To detect potential variant in an ethical Han Chinese pedigree affected with breast cancer. METHODS: The proband and her relatives were subjected to next-generation sequencing using a target capture sequencing kit containing 121 cancer-related genes. Candidate variants were selected by analysis of their type, frequency in population, and segregation with the phenotype. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing and TA cloning. RESULTS: A c.2013_2014ins GT variant was detected in the BRCA1 gene among all breast cancer patients from this pedigree but not among healthy females. The variant was not recorded in the 1000 Genome Project database or the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) database. The frameshifting insertion was predicted to form an premature stop codon in gene transcript and can give rise to a truncated protein. CONCLUSION The BRCA1 c.2013_2014ins GT variant probably underlies the pathogenesis of breast cancer in this Chinese pedigree.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; BRCA1 Protein ; genetics ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; Exome ; Female ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Pedigree ; Phenotype

Objective:To survey the teaching ability of general practitioners(GPs) in community health centers of Shanghai, and its influencing factors.Methods:A questionnaire survey on the teaching ability of general practice trainers was conducted from January to February 2017. The participants of the survey were GPs with teaching experiences from community health centers in Shanghai selected by a stratified and proportional cluster sampling method. The questionnaire included two aspects: the general information and teaching ability of the participants. The influencing factors of teaching ability were analyzed by univariate and multivariate regression analysis.Results:A total of 1 138 GPs from 116 selected community health centers participated in the questionnaire survey, among whom 63.6% (724/1 138) worked in community teaching bases and 78.5% (893/1 138) had received training for trainers. The total score of teaching ability was 38.00 (30.00, 40.00). The score of the item"interesting in teaching"was (3.46±0.80), 75%—80% of the other questions answered "yes". The score of"application of multi-teaching methods"was (3.78±0.72). Multivariate analyses showed that working for 5—9 and 10—19 years [ OR=7.14 (2.47—11.81), P=0.003; OR=5.32 (1.30—9.33), P=0.009], working in community teaching bases [ OR=13.23 (9.88—16.57), P<0.001] and receiving training for trainers [ OR=17.76 (13.80—21.71), P<0.001] were influencing factors of teaching ability. Conclusion:The main problems related to teaching ability in community GPs are lack of teaching interest and the poor application of multi-teaching methods, the relevant training is necessary for them in the future.