From the chloroform-soluble fraction of the ethanol extracts of the whole plant of Taxus chinensis var. mairei (Lemee et Levl), four compounds were isolated by using repeated column chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. Based on spectroscopic data (UV, IR, ESI-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR), the compounds were identified as taxamairin K (1), 2α, 4α-dideacetoxy-7β-benzoyloxy-5β,20-epoxy-9α,10β,13α,15-tetrahydroxy-11(15→1)abeotaxa-11-ene (2), 7β-xylosyl-taxol (3), 10-deacetoxy-7-xylosyl-taxol (4). Among them, taxamairin K is a new compound.

Objective To intensively investigate the chemical constituents in the heartwood of Taxus yunnanensis Cheng et L.K.Fu.Methods The heartwood was extracted with ethanol,the ethanol extract was subjected to the extraction with methylene trichloride,which was submitted to chromatography on sili-ca gel and Sephadex LH-20 column to isolate some compounds.And their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis(UV,IR,ESI-MS,1H-NMR,13C-NMR).Results The compounds were identified as 2?,5?,7?,9?,10?,13?-hexaacetoxy-4(20),11-taxadiene(Ⅰ),taxusin(Ⅱ),taxa-4(20),11-diene-2?,5?,10?-triacetoxy-14?,2-methybutyrate(Ⅲ),10?-hydroxy-2?,5?,14?-triacetoxy-4(20),11-taxadiene(Ⅳ),1-dehydroxybaccatin Ⅳ(Ⅴ),baccatin Ⅳ(Ⅵ),baccatin Ⅵ(Ⅶ),7,9-deacetylbaccatin Ⅵ(Ⅷ),10-deacetyltaxuyannine(Ⅸ),1?-accetoxy-5-deacetyl-baccatin Ⅰ(Ⅹ),baccatin Ⅰ(Ⅺ),taxuchin A(Ⅹ Ⅱ),secoisolariciresinol(Ⅹ Ⅲ),?-conidendrin(Ⅹ Ⅳ),isotaxiresinol(Ⅹ Ⅴ),lariciresinol(Ⅹ Ⅵ),sequoitol(Ⅹ Ⅶ),?-sitosterol(Ⅹ Ⅷ).Among them compounds Ⅰ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ,Ⅺ,Ⅹ Ⅱ,Ⅹ Ⅵ were obtained from the heartwood of T.yunnanensis for the first time.Conclusion The chemical constituents in the heartwood differ from the other parts of T.yunnanensis,but there is little difference within the species of Taxus L.

OBJECTIVE To effectively control the quantum of bacteria existing in the air of the cleaning section in the disinfecting supply division. METHODS The standards and methods set in the Hospital Disinfecting Sanitation Standard(GB15982-1995) were used. RESULTS Scientific,effective and strict control measures should be implemented to make the quantum of bacteria existing in the air to meet the Environment Standard Type Ⅱ. CONCLUSIONS This article provides the credible data for boosting the pureness of the air of the cleaning section of disinfecting supply division.

OBJECTIVE To explore the management methods of sterilization and supply department for the control of hospital infection. METHODS Since 2005, strict infection management system in all aspects by the sterilization and supply department has been taken including renewable medical equipment from recycle to distribution, sterile disposable medical equipment from acceptance to distribution, and the district environment and self-protection of its own staff in the sterilization and supply department and so on. RESULTS Hospital infections had not occurred as a result of sterilized supply for three years. CONCLUSIONS Since strict control and management system is carrying out, measures are effective, and good results have been achieved, which provide important guarantees for effectively controlling infection and medical safety.

Objective:To establish a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) model for thiazide 11β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase ( HSD) inhibitors in order to perform structure modification and find thiazide 11β-HSD inhibitors with more activity. Methods: The 3D-QSAR model of thiazine derivatives was constructed by the method of comparative molecular force field analysis, and the model was validated by using a molecular docking method. Results:An accurate 3D-QSAR model of 11β-HSD inhibitors was obtained (CoMFA:q2 =0. 346, r2 =0. 850, where q2 was the cross-validation coefficient and r2 was the non-cross validation coefficient) . Conclusion:The results provide important theoretical basis for the rational design of novel thiazide 11β-HSD inhibitors.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the cause of failure of bacteria-killing by autoclave.METHODS Under the process of using the fast-reading bio-indicator to take a routine inspect for the autoclave,while the pressure,the temperature and the time for the bacteria-killing were up to the standard,and the result of the inspection was respectively negative and positive.RESULTS For the sudden malfunction of the exhaust valve,the cold air mass was left in the experimental parcel.Therefore,the result was respectively negative and positive.CONCLUSIONS The more strict examination should be taken for the bacteria-killing tank and the advanced B-D process inquiry-device and the bacteria-killing process inquiry device in the world should be adopted to ensure that the process of bacteria-killing is qualified at all times.

OBJECTIVE To explore the impact factors on the process of washing and disinfection for medical instruments.METHODS The reasons that tend to cause bad washing quality were analyzed in the process of washing for medical instruments and corresponding measures were taken.RESULTS Efficient washing procedures should be installed in the process of washing for medical instruments and washing effects should be affirmed.CONCLUSIONS Efficient washing methods should be taken to guarantee successful sterilization and control hospital infection.

Objective To probe the clinical diagnosis value of high frequency ultrasonography (HFUS) in thyroglossal duct cyst(TDC). Methods Forty-one TDC were taken HFUS and the location, boundary,shape,interal echo of lesions and the relation to hyoid bone were observed. The periphery and internal blood flow signal were detected by color Doppler flow imaging. The results of HFUS were compared with those of pathology after operation. The cases were divided into groups according to pathological types and were compared with acoustic image shows. Results All cases were diagnosed TDC by pathology after operation. Internal walls of 9 TDC consist of cilium columnar epithelium, 19 consist of stratified pavement epithelium and 13 consist of this two epitheliums. HFUS showed different pathological types had different ultrasonic appearances. In this study, 77.8%(7/9) TDC with columnar epithelium showed echoless,84.2 (16/19) TDC with pavement epithelium showed similar solid echopattern and TDC with two epitheliums mainly showed similar solid echopattern and multi-room cyst. Hyperechogenicity of hyoid bone displayed around the lesion in 80.5%(33/41)TDC. No blood flow signal showed in 41 TDC and a little punctiform blood flow signal showed in the periphery of 5 TDC. The diagnose accordance rate of HFUS in TDC was 95.1%(39/41). Conclusions HFUS can clearly show the location, boundary, shape,interal echo of TDC and its relation to hyoid bone. HFUS is important for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of TDC.

Objective To probe the value of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) in differential diagnosis of the pure mucinous adenocarcinoma of breast (PMAB) and adenofibroma of breast (AFB).Methods Twenty-five cases of PMAB and 30 cases AFB were examined by CDU. The sonographic appearance, interior and peripheral blood flow distribution and Doppler frequency of the tumors were observed and analyzed. The results of the diagnoses of CDU and the pathologies were compared. Results The diagnostic rates of PMAB and AFB by CDU were 76.0% and 93.3%, respectively. The clear peplos was observed in 90% of AFB, and internal even echoes. Yet no peplos was observed in PMAB, and the internal echoes of most PMAB were confused and disordered. The detection rate of Ⅰ ～ Ⅱ stage blood flow in adenofibroma of breast was only 40% and that of Ⅰ ～ Ⅲ stage blood flow in PMAB was high to 76%.The detection rate of blood flow stage and the resistant index (RI) of the blood flow frequency spectrum of PMAB and AFB were significantly different. Conclusions CDU has significant clinical value in differential diagnosis of pure mucinous adenocarcinoma and adenofibroma of breast.

Objective To probe the differential diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasonography(CDU)in cystitis glandularis.Methods Thirty-nine cystitis glandularis and 192 bladder cancer were examined with CDU.The location,shape,boundary,internal echo and relationship with wall of urinary bladder of lesion were observed.Internal blood flow disposition of lesion were detection.The results of CDU were compared with those of cistoscope biopsy and pathologic diagnosis after operation.Results 59.0%(23/39)cystitis glandularis and 52.9%(74/140)bladder cancer lesions located in trigone of bladder and surrounded the orifice of ureter.53.8%(21/39)cystitis glandularis showed part wall thickening and 72.9%(140/192)bladder cancer showed single nodus or bolus.Sacculiform anechoic area were observed in 69.2%(27/39)cystitis glandularis and were not observed in bladder cancer.Punctiform hyperechogenicity appeared in periphery of 48.4%(93/192)bladder cancer and 7.7%(3/39)cystitis glandularis.The detection rate of interior blood flow signal of bladder cancer was 84.9%(163/1 92),which was obviously higher than that of cystitis glandularis.The diagnostic accurate rates of CDU in cystitis glandularis and bladder cancer were 84.6%(33/39)and 95.3%(183/192),respectively.Conclusions CDU can clear display the location,shape,boundary,internal echo and relationship with wall of urinary bladder of cystitis glandularis and is of important value in diagnosis,differential diagnosis and clinical fllow-up of cystitis glandularis.