Objective:To summarize present randomized controlled trials and assess the effect of beta-adrenoceptor blockers on vasovagal syncope using meta-analysis method.Methods:According to inclusion and exclusion criteria,articles were selected from medical electronic databases searching,including PubMed(1968-2007),EMBASE(1991-2007),Elsevier(1990-2007) and CNKI(1990-2007).Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) were assessed based on the Juni assessment.Meta-analysis was completed using software Review Manager 4.2.Indication for evaluating effect was recurrence of syncope during follow-up or response in head-up tilt test(HUT).The results were stated as relative risk(RR) or odd ratio(OR) and their 95% confidence interval(CI),and P

Objective To study the effecet of oxidized low-density lipoprotein(Ox-LDL) on endothelium-dependent relaxation and mechanism of susceptibility to atherosclerosis(AS) in hyperlipdemic male patients.(Methods)LDL isolated from 13 normal patients and 29 hyperlipidemic patients were modified by CuSO_4.The amount of malondialdehyde(MDA) was measured by TBARS.The amount of lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC) was determined by the Bartlett.Endothelium-dependent relaxation was produced by acetylcholine.Results After LDL from normal and hyperlipidemic patients were modified by CuSO_4,the amount of MDA was increased(P

Objective: To investigate the expression of co-stimulatory molecule CD86 and inducible costimulator(ICOS) in the intestinal mucosa of Crohn disease (CD) and to exlpore its pathologic significance. Methods: Expression of co-stimulator CD86 and ICOS was examined by immunohistoehemistry on paraffin embedded tissue from patients with CD (30 cases) and normal controls (20 cases). The subsets of lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC) were also analysed via immunostaining for CD4, CD8 and CD20. Results: Increased amount of CD86 or ICOS positive LPMC was observed in the lesional area of CD when compared with the essentially normal area of CD and normal controls (q = 9. 23 ,P ＜0. 01 and q =5. 46 ,P＜0. 01). In addition, the expression of CD86 or ICOS was higher in intestinal epithelium of CD than that in normal controls (H = 24. 93, P＜0. 01 and H = 4. 66, P＜0. 01 ) , whereas no significant difference was seen between the diseased and the essentially normal area of CD. The amount of CD4 or CD8 positive lymphocytes in lamina propria, epithelium and small vascular walls was also significantly increased in CD than that in normal controls (P＜0. 05 or P＜0. 01). Conclusion: Increased amount of CD86 or ICOS positive LPMC and enterocytes in CD suggests that co-stimulatory molecules may play a role in the pathogenesis of CD. The enterocytes may act as non-specific antigen presenting cells in the process of cellular immunity activation in CD.

Objective: To explore the correlation between hemoglobin and blood pressure. Methods: This study adopted the cross-sectional design method. Participants were recruited from grade 2 in primary school, grade 1 from junior and senior high school taking physical examination, including the hemoglobin test, organized by the Guangzhou Municipal Primary and Secondary School Health and Health Promotion Center from January to December in 2015. Correlation between blood pressure and hemoglobin and determinants of blood pressure were analyzed. Results: A total of 34 752 samples participated including 17 414 boys and 17 338 girls. Hemoglobin was negatively associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) among girls with anemia(P<0.01). Hemoglobin was positively associated with SBP and DBP among boys and girls with normal hemoglobin level(P<0.01). With each tertile increase in blood pressure, hemoglobin level increased by 1 mmHg. Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with peers from same grade with hemoglobin level lower than P25, the risk of suffering from pre-hypertension and hypertension among students from grade 2 with hemoglobin level greater than or equal to P75, and those from junior high and senior high schools with hemoglobin level higher than or equal to P50. Conclusion Among students without anemia population, a positive correlation between hemoglobin and SBP and DBP is observed.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of metabolic disorder among the high school students in Guangzhou. Methods: A cross-sectional study among 4 620 high school students selected with stratified cluster sampling was conducted in Guangzhou. Height, weight, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and serum lipid of TC, TG were measured. Household socioeconomic status, medical history, physical activities as well as personal diet and study habits were acquired with structured questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of central obesity was 11.5%. The overall prevalence of IFG and DM was 6.9%. The overall prevalence of both hypercholesteremia and hypertriglyceridemia was 13.4%. The prevalence of hypertension was 11.6%. With multivariable logistic regression, the results showed that: fast eating was associated with increased risk of central obesity (OR=1.79, 95%CI=1.47-2.18) and hypercholesteremia/hypertriglyceridemia (OR=1.27，95%CI=1.04-1.54). While students who ate slow had low risk of central obesity (OR=0.47, 95%CI=0.33-0.68), hypercholesteremia/hypertriglyceridemia(OR=0.71, 95%CI=0.54-0.94) and hypertension (OR=0.65, 95%CI=0.49-0.88). Students with sugar-sweetened beverages once a day or more had higher risk of central obesity (OR=1.60, 95%CI=1.08-2.38) while students without sugar-sweetened beverages consumption had low risk of IFG/DM (OR=0.57, 95%CI= 0.43-0.77) than those who consumed 1-2 times/week. Students without eating out habit had lower risk of hypercholesteremia /hypertriglyceridemia than those with eating out for 1-2 times/week (OR=0.78, 95%CI=0.62-0.98), and students who had lunch out of home or canteen had higher risk of hypercholesteremia /hypertriglyceridemia than those who ate at canteen (OR=1.38，95%CI=1.06-1.81). Conclusion The prevalence of metabolic disorder among high school students in Guangzhou is at a relatively high level. High eating speed, heavy sugared beverages intake and frequently eating out habits are associated with risk of metabolic disorder.

Objective: To explore the relationship between venous blood routine test parameters and syncopal recurrence of children with vasovagal syncope (VVS). Method: Sixty-three children (male 32, female 31) diagnosed as VVS in Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital from November 2010 to October 2015 were included in a case observational study.Their mean age was (11.2±2.7) years and basic treatment such as predisposing causes avoiding, standing training, autonomic nervous function exercise and oral rehydration salts were advised to them.The clinical data were obtained by out-patient visit and over telephone from December 2015 to January 2016, with a median follow-up period of 10 (4, 26) months. The effects of baseline venous blood routine test parameters, gender, age, and body mass index (BMI) on syncopal recurrence were studied via univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis.Kaplan-Meier curve was used to evaluate the long-term prognosis. Result: Among the 63 VVS children in this study, 31 cases were diagnosed as VVS vasodepressor type, 4 cases as VVS cardioinhibitory type and 28 cases as VVS mixed type, 16 cases (25%) had experienced recurrence of syncope while 47 cases (75%) had not.The result of univariate analysis of Cox regression showed that baseline platelet count (PLT) (HR=1.012, 95%CI: 1.003-1.022) had a marked impact on the survival rate.And the result of multivariate analysis of Cox regression showed that baseline hemoglobin concentration (HGB) (HR=1.055, 95%CI: 1.007-1.105), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) (HR=0.612, 95%CI: 0.423-0.884) and PLT(HR=1.015, 95%CI: 1.006-1.024) had significant effects on survival rate of VVS children.In this study, the one-year, two-year, and three-year survival rate were 83% (52/63), 79% (50/63) and 75% (47/63), respectively. Conclusion The baseline venous blood routine test parameters HGB, MCH and PLT might be the influencing factors of the syncopal recurrence of VVS children.

Chymosin is an important industrial enzyme widely used in cheese manufacture. To improve expression efficiency of recombinant bovine chymosin in Kluyveromyces lactis strain GG799, we designed and synthesized a DNA sequence encoding bovine prochymosin gene (GenBank Accession No. AA30448) by using optimized codons. The synthesized prochymosin gene was amplified by two-step PCR method, and then cloned into the expression vector pKLAC1, resulting in pKLAC1-Prochy. pKLAC1-Prochy was linearized and transformed into K. lactis GG799 by electrotransformation. Positive clones were screened by YEPD plates containing 1% casein. A recombinant strain chyl with highest activities and multi-copy integration which was detected by using specifical integration primers was chosen and fermented in flask. Prochymosin was expressed in K. lactis successfully. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that the purified recombinant bovine prochymosin had a molecular mass of 41 kDa. After acid treatment, molecular weight of chymosin is about 36 kDa, the same as native bovine chymosin. Activity tests showed that the chymosin activity of the culture supernatant was 99.67 SU/mL after 96 h cultivation. The activities of chymosin were not prominent increased when galactose was used as carbon source instead of glucose, which proved that the fermentation of recombinant strain does not need galactose inducing. The recombinant K. lactis strain obtained in this study could be further used to produce recombinant chymosin for cheese making.
Animals ; Cattle ; Chymosin ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Enzyme Precursors ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Kluyveromyces ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Protein Engineering ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Objective:To explore the significance of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) as a new biomarker for the differential diagnosis of postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and suspected myocarditis in children.Methods:A total of 24 children diagnosed with POTS and 21 children diagnosed with suspected myocarditis treated in the Pediatrics Department of the Peking University First Hospital from July to December 2016 were included in the study.Plasma Hcy levels were measured in each subject and compared between children with POTS and suspected myocarditis.The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were depicted for assessing the diagnostic potential of Hcy in distinguishing POTS from suspected myocarditis.Results:Plasma Hcy level in the POTS group was significantly higher than that in the suspected myocarditis group [(14.25±8.09) μmol/L vs.(8.99±3.19) μmol/L], which was also significantly higher than that of the mean levels in Beijing children [(8.82±5.58) μmol/L] (all P<0.05). When the cut-off was 9.36 μmol/L, the area under the ROC curve was 0.76, and the sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing POTS from suspected myocarditis were 71% and 68%, respectively. Conclusions:Plasma Hcy levels are helpful in the differential diagnosis of POTS and suspected myocarditis in children.

Objective To observe the application of skin massage therapy on patients with hand burn . Methods The study investigated 26 patients with hand burn who were treated in Jining medical college affiliated hospital from January 2010 to January 2013 .The participants were divided into the intervention group (n=13) and the control group (n=13) using random number table.Based on the routine nursing care of the skin and subcutaneous tissue , the intervention group received additional minor massage and acupuncture concurrently .The massage therapy was 3 times/week with 30 min/time and three months as one treatment period.The skin condition, depression level and burn health indicators were compared between the two groups . Results Before the intervention , there were no significant differences for the burn scars and subjective skin conditions between two groups ( P >0.05 ).The burn scars thickness for the intervention group slightly increased from (0.24 ±0.15) cm to (0.27 ±0.16) cm but had little difference compared to the total score of the control group (t=0.501,P=0.621).Moreover, the blood perfusion and the subjective skin conditions had little differences between two groups (t=0.026,1.749;P>0.05).The scores of patients′depression level and burn health indicators also had limited differences (P>0.05).Conclusions The skin massage therapy can slightly reduce the burn scar thickness .

Insulin resistance refers to a decrease in the physiological utilization of normal concentrations of insulin by target organs such as liver and adipose tissue.Insulin resistance is central to a variety of metabolic diseases caused by obesity.FGF21 is a novel regulator of glycolipid metabolism,which has the effects of improving insulin resistance,reducing body weight,regulating blood lipids,promoting fatty acid oxidation,and increasing energy consumption.Metabolic surgery is effective in the treatment of obesity and insulin resistance,and the level of FGF21 changes after surgery.This article will review the possible mechanisms of metabolic surgery to mediate FGF21 to improve insulin resistance.