Objective To study the induction of amelogenin in formation of hard tissues in the pulp tissues,to provide experimental foundation for research in formation of hard tissues induced with amelogenin.Methods Sixteen male Wistar rats were divided into control group and experimental group.Cells and matrix structures and amelogenin expression in the growing ends of cyclophosphamide(CP)-affected incisors were examined by histological and immunohistochemical methods.Results Experiment group:extensive edematous changes were noted in the apical pulp tissue of the incisor associated with disappearance of odontoblasts facing to presecretory and secretory ameloblasts. The cell layer of young ameloblasts was therefore lined directly with pulp tissue in which some osteodentin-like tissue was present near the ameloblasts. Immunoreactions for amelogenins were observed in the labial side of the pulp,particularly around the newly induced hard tissues in the affected region. Conclusion Amelogenins has induction in formation of hard tissues in dental pulp following the inhibition of formation of odontoblasts by CP.

Objective To establish the method to express leukemia inhibitory factor(LIF) in fetal fibroblasts in order to provide theoretical foundation for establishment of transgenic animal model.Methods Using the fetal of 13.5 d ICR mouse,the primary fetal fibroblasts were cultivated by trypsin enzyme digestion.The lineared eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1-LIF was transferred to the fetal fibroblasts of mouse with liposome induction.The positive cells were selected by G418,genome DNA of the positive cells was extracted and sequenced. Results The primary fetal fibroblasts of mouse were successfully obtained by isolating and culturing,and fetal fibroblasts expressing LIF were established by transferring.The sequencing result demonstrated that the homology of clone plasmid of positive cells was about 99%.Conclusion Eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1-LIF is successfully transferred to the fetal fibroblasts of mouse.

Objective :The study discussed the relationship between the cell differentiation and its func-tion differentiation of enamel organ durrng the development of enamel ,explained the meaning of shape andfunction of SA and RA in the mature enameloblasts. Methods:The rats were fixed with pouring hearts ,em-bed with Epon and GMA resin,made semi-thin slice ,stained with toluidine blue and histochemistry, thenwe observed the changes of histomorphology and the law of distribution of enamel. Results:The develop-memt of tooth germ of rat incisor could be divided into proliferation stage, difference stage and maturestage. Enameloblasts expressed special periodic changes in mature stage :SA legion and RA legion present-ed altermately. Histochemical study indicated that most of amelogenin stayed in enamel matrix and othersdiffused to dentin, dental tube and odontoblast layer. Conclusion: (1) The proliferation stage, differencestage and mature stage of tooth of development of enamel organ in rat were similar to the bud stage ,capstage and bell stage of human being. There was a relationship between the RA legion in mature enam-eloblast and mineral substance pouring into them. RA legion was presented because water and protein lost.)That amelogenin spread into dentin could promote the odontoblast differentiation and induce dentin calci-fication.

Objective To study the MRI findings of congenital dysosmia. Methods Forty-seven patients with congenital dysosmia (39 with Kallmann syndrome and 8 with isolated dysosmia) and 21 normal volunteers underwent MRI examination. The features of congenital malformation were recorded. The volume of olfactory bulbs, depth of olfactory sulei as well as diameters of pituitary glands and stalks were measured. The rate of dysplasia of olfactory bulbs and tracts in the two patients groups was compared with χ2 test. The difference of volume of olfactory bulbs between the two groups was evaluated with nonparametrie test. And the difference of diameters of pituitary glands and stalks was analyzed with analysis of variance. Results All the patients had abnormal findings in olfactory bulbs, tracts and/or olfactory sulci on MR images. The patterns of congenital malformation may be dysplastic or hypoplastic, symmetric or asymmetric. The proportion of patients with dysplasia of olfactory bulbs and tracts in Kallmann syndrome patients ( 31/39 ) was higher than that in isolated dysosmia ones ( 2/8 ) ( χ2= 6. 998, P = 0. 008 ), and the olfactory bulbs' volume of patients with Kallmann syndrome ( median 8 mm3 ) was smaller than that of patients with isolated dysosmia ( median 22 mm3 ) ( Z = - 2. 902, P = 0. 004 ). The pituitary glands were smaller and the stalks were thinner in patients with Kallmann syndrome than those in volunteers [ the anteroposterior diameter of pituitary glands in Kallmann syndrome (7. 22±1.93) mm, that in normal volunteers (9. 94±1.59) ram, F=16.835, P=0. 000; height of pituitary glands in Kallmann syndrome (3.71±1.74) mm, that in normal volunteers (6. 00±1.24) ram, F = 16. 092, P = 0. 000; the anteroposterior diameter of pituitary stalks in Kallmann syndrome ( 1.19±0. 55 ) mm, that in normal volunteers ( 1.88±0. 49 ) mm, F = 13.060, P =0. 000]. Conclusions In congenital dysosmic patients, dysplasia or hypoplasia of olfactory bulbs, tracts and sulei can be clearly depicted on MR images. MR imaging is valuable for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and molecular pathological mechanism of McCune-Albright syndrome ( MAS) in order to provide a guidance for the precision medicine of MAS. Method The clinical data and genetic findings of 41 patients with MAS were analyzed retrospectively. Results (1) MAS girls had the phenotype of peripheral precocious puberty with premature sexual development and high estradiol, low LH and FSH, and the increased volume of uterus and ovary. ( 2 ) In 41 MAS cases, there were 17 cases with GNAS1 gene mutation, and the total positive rate was 41. 5%, of which the classic triad was 66. 7%, two signs 56. 3%, and 12. 5% in only one classic sign. GNAS1 gene mutation was found in 78. 6% of patients with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia of bone, while only 55. 0% in patients with cafe au lait skin spots. Children with precocious puberty and fibrous dysplasia of bone is an important basis for clinical diagnosis of MAS, but cafe au lait skin spots does not seem to be the specifical manifestation of MAS. Conclusion Clinically MAS was lack of typical clinical manifestations, and the most important clinical weight factor for the diagnosis of MAS was peripheral precocious puberty with fibrous dysplasia of bone. GNAS1 gene screening may be helpful to improve the clinical accurate diagnosis of MAS.

Objective To compare the curative effect with high frequent oscillation ventilation (HFOV) and with HFOV + inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in the treatment of neonatal hypoxic respiratory failure (NRHF).Methods Data of 60 NHRF patients in the People's Hospital of Dehong Prefecture from January 2015 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into HFOV group (32 cases) and HFOV + iNO group (28 cases) according to the treatment methods.The comparison between the 2 groups was established as following:oxygenation index(OI),arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide [Pa (CO2)] and complications.Results There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in time of birth,gestational age,birth weight,gender ratio and original diseases (all P ＞ 0.05).As for OI there was no significant difference at 0 h between the 2 groups (27.8 ± 3.5 vs.27.6 ± 3.7) (t =0.04,P ＞ 0.05);OI of HFOV + iNO group (11.2 ± 3.4,7.3 ± 3.0,7.0 ± 2.6,respectively) was more significantly decreased than that in the HFOV group (14.5 ± 3.3,9.6 ± 3.0,8.5 ± 2.8,respectively) at 8 h,16 h,24 h,and there were significant differences between the 2 groups (t =3.81,5.16,2.14,all P ＜ 0.05).As for P a (CO2) there was no significant difference at 0 h [(65.14 ± 14.97) mmHg vs.(64.79 ± 13.40) mmHg] (t =0.095,P ＞ 0.05);the changes in Pa (CO2) had no statistically significance difference between HFOV + iNO group and HFOV group at 8 h,16 h,24 h [8 h:(50.71 ± 10.49) mmHg vs.(49.02 ± 11.74) mmHg,16 h:(40.99 ± 12.38) mmHg vs.(40.02 ± 12.04) mmHg,and 24 h:(39.01 ±9.80) mmHg vs.(38.00 ±7.85) mmHg,all P ＞0.05].As for the complications,there was no difference between the 2 groups in pulmonary air leak,pneumorrhagia,intracranial hemorrhage,blood platelet ＜100 × 109/L,methemoglobin concentration ＞ 3％,or dysfunction of blood coagulation (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Both HFOV and HFOV + iNO methods are effective for NRHF.Treatment with HFOV + iNO method is more effective.Treatment for NHRF with HFOV + iNO is safe,effective,without complication increase in a short term.

Objective:To explore the application effect of early intervention of pulmonary rehabilitation management in emergency department-ward linkage under multi-disciplinary team (MDT) mode in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).Methods:Using convenient sampling method, 124 AECOPD patients admitted to Department of Emergency of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao) were selected as the study objects. According to the admission order, 62 patients admitted from March to October 2020 were taken as the control group, and 62 patients admitted from March to October 2021 were taken as the observation group. The control group was given routine treatment and rehabilitation guidance. On the basis of this, the observation group received the early lung rehabilitation management of emergency-ward linkage under MDT mode. The arterial oxygen saturation, lung function index (FEV 1, FEV 1%Pred, FEV 1/FVC), 6-minute walk test (evaluation only after intervention) and quality of life of patients were evaluated before and after intervention. Results:Finally, 60 patients in each group completed the study. After the intervention, the arterial oxygen saturation, the score of quality of life, 6-minute walk test and FEV 1, FEV 1%Pred, FEV 1/FVC of patients in observation group were 0.93 ± 0.04, (29.68 ± 4.87) points, (341.93 ± 46.55) m, and (1.86 ± 0.68) L, (66.13 ± 8.96)%, (68.2 ± 58.53)%, respectively. And in the control group, they were 0.91 ± 0.04, (35.83 ± 2.94) points, (268.75 ± 50.78) m, and (1.50 ± 0.66) L, (61.70 ± 7.16)%, (64.10 ± 8.42) %, respectively. The observation group was significantly better than the control group ( t values were -8.23 to 8.37, all P<0.01). Conclusions:Early intervention of pulmonary rehabilitation by emergency-ward linkage under MDT mod can effectively improve arterial oxygen saturation, pulmonary function, exercise ability and quality of life of patients with AECOPD.

Alzheimer's disease （AD） is a common degenerative disease of the central nervous system in the elderly， with memory impairment and behavioral changes as the main clinical manifestations. Modern research has demonstrated that many herbs with both medicinal and edible values have anti-oxidation and anti-aging activities. In addition， these herbs are naturally safe and play a role in disease prevention and health care. The 110 medicinal and edible herbs announced by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic ofChina in 2021 were studied. The relevant papers published in the last five years were searched against CNKI， VIP， Wanfang Data， PubMed and other databases. The effects， mechanism， and active ingredients of the medicinal and edible herbs against Alzheimer's disease were summarized. The results showed that more than 30 herbs including Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， Curcumae Longae Rhizoma， Astragali Radix， Corni Fructus， Gastrodiae Rhizoma， Angelicae Sinensis Radix， Cistanches Herba， Croci Stigma， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Ganoderma and their active ingredients were effective in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Among them， ten herbs that met the requirements were screened out for analysis. The medicinal and edible herbs and their active ingredients can act on multiple targets and treat Alzheimer's disease via multiple signaling pathways such as nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， mitogen-activated protein kinase 5 （MEK5）/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 （ERK5）， cytochrome C （CytC） and cysteine aspartate-specific protease （Caspase）-3/（Caspase）-9， Wnt/β-catenin， and brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）/tyrosine kinase receptor B （TrkB）/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）， thus improving learning， cognitive ability， and memory ability. Most of the medicinal and edible herbs have the tropism to the heart， spleen， liver， and kidney meridians and tonifying effect.