Objective To investigate the role of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (~1H-MRS) in accurate lateralization of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and the factors which influenc ~1H-MRS in epileptogenic zones.Methods ~1H MRS and MRI were performed in 40 patients with TLE and 20 healthy volunteers by 1.5T MR/MRS system. The data of spectra of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine+phosphocreatine (Cr) and choline-containing compounds (Cho) obtained from the medial regions of the temporal lobes were analyzed. Lateralization of TLE with ~1H-MRS was defined by the ratio of NAA/(Cho+Cr).Results The ratios of NAA/(Cho+Cr) both in epileptogenic zones (0.45?0.12) and contralateral regions (0.51?0.10) were lower than that in control group (0.58?0.09)( P0.05). There was significant difference in bilateral abnormal EEG between bilateral abnormal NAA/(Cho+Cr) and unilateral abnormal NAA/(Cho+Cr)( P

Objective To investigate the value of dual-energy digital subtraction chest radiography in detection of small pulmonarynodules.Methods CT scanning,dual-energy digital subtraction chest radiographs and routine digital chest radiographs were obtainedrespectively from 27 consecutive oncology patients with pulmonary metastasis.The image quality of these two kinds of DR by quality control phantom of Kodak was compared. The images of dual-energy digital subtract radiographs and the routine digital radiography were analysedby two radiologists in biblind method and the detecting rate of pulmonary metastasis by both DR was compared based on the results CTscanning. Results The quality of dual-energy digital subtraction chest radiographs is equal to the routine one except the definition. The detectable rate of pulmonary nodules by dual-energy digital subtraction chest radiographs was 91.2%, by the routine DR was 85.0%. There was significant difference (P

Objective To investigate the optimal beam tube potential for amorphous silicon/cesium iodide flat panel digital chest radiography(indirect DR). Methods(1)60 healthy adults were undergone digital posteroanterior(PA) chest radiography at 80,100,150 kV respectively.The images quality of these three were compared by 5 independent observers.Several normal anatomy parts of the chest and the overall impression of the images were evaluated;(2)PA chest exposures of the anthropomorphic chest phantom to produce a constant ESDs(entrance skin doses) and exit dose were made using tube potential at 80,100,120,150 kV.The simulated chest nodules were scored. Results The quality of the adult chest radiography and the manifestation of the simulated chest nodules were superior at the lower tube voltages.The contrast of the images were best at 80 kV,while the appearance of the images look like that of the low potential radiography. Conclusion The optimal tube potential for chest DR is considered to be 80~100 kVp,while the high KV technique is no longer suitable for digital equipment.

Objective To assess the difference in detection of simulated chest nodules in different lung fields with dual-energy digital subtraction chest radiography by receive operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis.Methods Dual-energy digital subtraction chest radiography was performed on 20 volunteers with simulated chest nodules. ROC analysis was made in the evaluation results on regular DR images and soft tissue images in different lung fields respectively.Results Az was greater on the soft tissue images than on the regular DR images in the superior lung fields and outer zone of middle lung fields. There were significant differences in the superior lung fields and outer zone of middle lung fields.Conclusion Dual-energy digital subtraction chest radiography is superior to regular DR image on detecting more chest nodule lesions, especially in the superior lung fields and outer zone of middle lung fields. So the two techniques should be united to diagnose.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of dual-energy subtraction chest digital radiography(DR) for detecting coronary artery calcification as compared with multi-detector row CT(MDCT).Methods 35 patients underwent dual-energy subtraction chest DR and ECG-gated MDCT for detection of coronary artery calcifications.The radiation dose of both DR and CT were noted respectively.Two senior and two junior radiologists reviewed the radiogram and assessed the calcifications in LAD,LCX and RCA totaling 105 vessels.ROC curve plotting were used for evaluation with CAC calculated from MDCT as the gold standard.Paired t test was calculated to compare the different radiation dose between DR and CT.Results 27.6% vessels(29/105) showed calcification on DR.The positive incidence in LAD was 48.5%(17/35),LCX 22.8%(8/35),and RCA 11.4%(4/35).The ROC area was 0.866,0.854,0.725,0.642 respectively,with a CAC score of more than 300.The average radiation dose was 0.469?0.22 mGy for DR,and 12.29?1.40 mGy for MDCT,showing significant differences.Conclusion Chest DR with dual energy subtraction can be used for screening of coronary artery calcification with relatively higher sensitivity for LAD.

The structure and 5-HT immunoreactivity in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion of three beetles, Ambrostoma quadriimpressum, Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata and Oxycetonia jucunda, were first studied by means of colophony-paraffin embedding serial section technique and strepteavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemical method. The results showed that the brains of these three taxonomically closely related beetles were remarkably different in composition and size. Mushroom bodies and antennal lobes in Oxycetonia jucunda were conspicuous. Calyces and lobes of the mushroom bodies.were much developed. In contrast, calyces of Ambrostoma quadriimpressum and Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata were extremely undeveloped. However, the postretinal fibres and circumpharyngeal nerves of Ambrostoma quadriimpressum were highly developed. In the three beetles, 5-HT immunoreactivity was present in all neuropils of the brain and the suboesophageal ganglion. The pattern of 5-HT immunoreactivity and the localization of immunoreactive somata which often clustered into groups were similar among these beetles, while the immunoreactivity intensity was distinct, especially in the lamina. The results suggest that the three beetles have given rise to adaptive radiation under the evolutionary pressure because of the long-term different life styles and living environments in which the taxonomic status of Ambrostoma quadriimpressum is relatively low. The similarity of the pattern of 5-HT immunoreactivity and localization of some positive somata among the three beetles raise the possibility that 5-HT seemes to serve similar physiological function in different insects. Furthermore, 5-HT might be involved in modulating the ingestion by regulating muscular activity and visual sensitivity.