Objective To study the expression of cyclooxypenase-2(COX-2),prognosis of patients and the correlation between COX-2 and CD_(105)in osteosarcoma.Methods The expression of COX-2 and CD_(105)in human osteosarcoma was detected with immunohistochemistry.Then to count the microvessl density (MVD)were marked with CD_(105),The prognosis of the patients with osteosarcoma was analyzed by Cox multi- variate survival analysis.Results The positive rate of COX-2 expression was 77.5 %,The expression of COX-2 was positively correlated with surgical grade and metastasis of osteosarcoma;There were significant difference between surgical grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ b、grade Ⅰ and Ⅲ(P0.05);Metastatic cases had higher MVD than those without metastasis(P

This study was aimed to observe renoprotective effect and possible mechanism on Y i-Shui Sheng-Xin Yin in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Sixty 12-week male SHR rats were randomly divided into six groups , which were the Y i-Shui She ng-X in Y in low-dose group , middle-dose group , high-dose group , Benazepril group , model group and blank control group , and ten rats for each group . The SHR rats were sacrificed after eight weeks . The urine microalbumin , blood urea nitrogen and cystatin were tested in each rat . The HE and Masson staining method were used to observe changes of renal pathology . Changes of expression of transforming growth factor-β1 ( TGF-β1 ) , connective tissue growth factor ( CTGF ) , FN were detected by immunohistochemistry . The results showed that compared with the blank control group , blood pressure in model group was associated with a significant rise after 8 weeks. Compared with the model group, blood pressure in the Yi-Shui Sheng-Xin Yin middle-dose group, high-dose group and Benazepril group significantly decreased. Compared with the blank control group , urine microalbumin , blood urea nitrogen and cystatin in model group were associated with a significant rise . Compared with the model group , urine microalbumin , blood urea nitrogen and cystatin in the Y i-Shui She ng-X in Y in middle-dose group , high-dose group and Benazepril group significantly decreased . Pathological examinations showed that pathological changes in model group were faster than all drug-groups , appeared pathological changes of glomerular hypertrophy , glomerular basement membrane thickening of heterogeneity and extensive vacuoles degeneration . Immunohistochemical staining showed that compared with the blank control group , expressions of TGF-β1 , CTGF and FN of rat kidney tissue in model group were obviously up-regulated ( P < 0 . 05 ) . Compared with the model group , expressions of TGF-β1 , CTGF and FN in the Y i-Shui She ng-X in Y in , middle-dose group , high-dose group and Benazepril group were down-regulated ( P < 0 . 05 ) . It was concluded that Y i-Shui She ng-X in Y in can reduce SHR rats' early renal glomerulosclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis , which play roles of delaying the progress of hypertension and protecting kidney . Its mechanism of action may be related to TGF-β1 , CTGF , FN signal pathways .

Communication with the family members of donors is an integral part of the organ donation and transplantation, and the core of it lies in building trust through interpersonal communication. Every word and deed from the communicator will directly affect the overall impression of family members of potential donors towards organ donation. Regardless of whether or not granted the donation ultimately, family members may share their personal experiences and feelings with friends and relatives around them, which develops a secondary dissemination. Therefore, "the choice of best candidate for communication with family members of organ donation" has been an issue that organ donation practitioners have been working on in clinical practice. Taking into consideration of the experiences from different countries or regions, various advices and practices on this issue have been proposed due to differences in social systems, cultural background, organizational structure, clinical practice, etc. In this paper, we had a discussion on this topic, summarize the difficulties currently encountered in communication with family members and propose corresponding strategies.

OBJECTIVETo compare the long-term survival and postoperative complications of distal gastric cancer patients between Billroth I((BI() and Billroth II((BII() reconstruction.

METHODSClinicopathological data of 992 patients with distal gastric cancer who underwent D2 curative gastrectomy in our department from May 2008 to April 2015 were recorded, including 207 patients of BI( reconstruction and 785 of BII( reconstruction, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients presenting a previous history of cancer, gastric resection or cytotoxic chemotherapy, and those presenting liver or intraperitoneal tumor dissemination or unresectable infiltration into contiguous organs were excluded. Patients in BI( and BII( group were selected using gmatch methods based on age (±10 years), gender, tumor size (±1 cm), differentiated degree and depth of invasion in order to reduce the selection bias of clinicopathological characteristics. The final number of patients matched was 191 respectively.

RESULTSCompared with BII( group, the BI( group had a significantly shorter operation time (181.7 min vs. 220.7 min, P=0.000) and a shorter postoperative hospitalization stay (7.6 days vs. 8.1 days, P=0.046). The postoperative complications including anastomotic leakage, wound dehiscence, wound infection, intraperitoneal hemorrhage, intestinal obstruction, duodenal stump fistula, pulmonary infection and fever had no significant difference(P>0.05). Three-year survival between two groups was comparable (82.9% vs. 78.7%, P=0.379).

CONCLUSIONSCompared with BII(, BI( reconstruction is more suitable for patients with distal gastric cancer.

Gastrectomy ; Gastroenterostomy ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo identify the risk factors of esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage (EJAL) and its impact on prognosis of gastric cancer patients after curative total gastrectomy.

METHODSClinical and follow-up data of 1254 gastric cancer patients who underwent radical total gastrectomy at the Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, from January 2012 to May 2015 were retrospectively collected. Risk factors of EJAL and prognostic factors of patients were analyzed respectively. In order to reduce the influences of other prognostic factors on survival, patients with and without EJAL were selected using Gmatch methods based on the results of prognostic factor analysis. Survival of those with or without EJAL was examined before and after match respectively.

RESULTSEJAL occurred in 31 of 1 254 patients(2.5%). The leakage was diagnosed at a median of 6 (range, 4-12) days after surgery. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that preoperative low serum albumin(<35 g/L)(P=0.018), pulmonary insufficiency(P=0.006), long duration of operation(≥240 min)(P=0.001) were independent risk factors of EJAL. All the patients were followed up for 3-40(median 18) months. Multivariate analysis showed that age(≥65, P=0.000), intraoperative blood transfusion (P=0.016), EJAL (P=0.000), tumor location (distal, P=0.020; total, P=0.001), depth of invasion (T4, P=0.005) and lymph node metastasis (N2, P=0.002, N3, P=0.000) were prognostic predictors. Twenty-six patients with EJAL were successfully matched to 104 patients without EJAL in a ratio of 1/4 ratio. Patients with EJAL had a significantly worse overall 3-year survival rate than those without (44.3% vs. 66.7%, P=0.002).

CONCLUSIONSEJAL after curative total gastrectomy leads to worse survival. Patients with preoperative low serum albumin, pulmonary insufficiency and long duration of operation should be taken care of during perioperative period to prevent the occurrence of EJAL.

Aged ; Anastomotic Leak ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo compare the survival rate of proximal gastrectomy and total gastrectomy in the treatment of esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinoma (Siewert II( types), and to provide reference for clinical choice.

METHODSA total of 533 patients with Siewet II( type EGJ adenocarcinoma were screened. All the patients underwent radical operations and were pathologically diagnosed as Siewet II( type EGJ adenocarcinoma in Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases from May 2008 to March 2014. These patients all had complete followed-up data. Finally, 234 patients were enrolled into the retrospective study, and divided into proximal gastrectomy group(117 patients) and total gastrectomy group (117 patients) based on the matching of age, sex, tumor size, TNM staging, and differentiation. The survival rate was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSIn proximal gastrectomy and total gastrectomy group, the overall 3-year survival rate was 65.6% and 62.6% respectively, and the overall 5-year survival rate was 53.8% and 44.5% respectively. No significant difference was found between the two groups (P=0.768). In subgroup analyses of 3-year survival rate between proximal gastrectomy group and total gastrectomy group, the results were as follows: 72.8% and 80.4% respectively (P=0.423) for tumor diameter ≤4 cm, 57.9% and 46.5% (P=0.239) for tumor diameter >4 cm, 83.3% and 83.3% (P=0.998) for high differentiated EGJ adenocarcinoma, 68.2% and 53.3% (P=0.270) for moderate differentiated EGJ adenocarcinoma, 56.1% and 69.6% (P=0.280) for poorly differentiated EGJ adenocarcinoma, 64.8% and 56.0% (P=0.451) for mucinous EGJ adenocarcinoma, 80.0% and 76.9% (P=0.912) for T1-2 stage EGJ adenocarcinoma, 64.3% and 60.4% (P=0.610) for T3 stage, 50.0% and 62.5% (P=0.953) for T4a stage, 92.3% and 100% (P=0.380) for stage I( EGJ adenocarcinoma, 79.6% and 66.3%(P=0.172) for stage II(, 42.6% and 49.5% (P=0.626) for stage I I(. All above differences between the two groups were not significant(all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONProximal gastrectomy and total gastrectomy are comparable in terms of 3-year and 5-year survival rates.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Esophagogastric Junction ; pathology ; surgery ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo investigate the survival benefit of cytoreductive surgery in gastric cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis.

METHODSClinicopathological data of 151 advanced gastric adenocarcinoma patients with extensive peritoneal metastasis who were identified by surgical exploration between May 2008 and April 2015 in Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases were analyzed retrospectively. Of all the patients, 32 cases were treated by cytoreductive surgery with local radical tumor resection and regional lymph node cleaning, combined with fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery (cytoreductive surgery combined with chemotherapy group); 39 caseswere only treated by cytoreductive surgery group(cytoreductive surgery group);23 caseswere treated bysurgical exploration combined with fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery(surgical exploration combined with chemotherapy group) and 57 cases were only treated bysurgical exploration (surgical exploration group). The overall survival of four groups were analyzed and compared.

RESULTSAmong the 151 patients, 148 (98.0%) patients were followed up. The median follow up time was 7.2 months (range 1.4-61.2). The median survival of cytoreductive surgery combined with chemotherapy group, cytoreductive surgery group, surgical exploration combined with chemotherapy group and surgical exploration group was 11.9(95% CI: 8.8-15.1) months, 7.1(95% CI: 3.2-11.1) months, 8.2(95% CI:4.6-11.8) and 5.4(95% CI:4.4-6.4) months, respectively(P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSCytoreductive surgery can prolong the survival of gastric adenocarcinoma patients with extensive peritoneal metastasis. Cytoreductive surgery combined with chemotherapy may provide more benefit for patients, and can be used as a choice of treatment in these patients.

Adenocarcinoma ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; secondary ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms

Objective To investigate the influence of infection factors on kidney transplantation after organ donation and possible countermeasures.Methods Thirty-seven cases of kidney transplantation in Organ Transplantation Center of Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from January 2014 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into two groups according to perioperative infection prevention programs:42 patients with postoperative routine use of cephalosporins or penicillin for 2 weeks,and 95 patients with postoperative application of carbapenems + micafungin.Postoperative infection rate,occurrence time,pathogen infection;donor age,perioperative pathogens of donor and receptor (organ preservation solution,drainage fluid,urine,sputum samples),acute rejection,delayed graft function (DGF),diabetes mellitus,and the use of immunosuppressive agents were recorded.Results The infection rate in carbapenem + micafungin group was 12.6％,and the infection rate in cephalosporin or penicillin group was 19.4％ (P＜0.05).Pathogen positive detection rate of the drainage fluid,urine and sputum was lower in carbapenems + micafungin group than that in cephalosporins or penicillin (P＜0.05).Within 2 weeks after operation,the detection rate of bacteria and fungi in the carbapenems +micafungin infection prevention group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the detection of viruses (P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in the detection of pathogens among the two weeks to six months after surgery (P＞ 0.05).Donor infection,acute rejection,DGF,and diabetes mellitus were the risk factors for postoperative infection (P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of carbapenems and micafungin can reduce the incidence of infection for the early stage of DCD kidney transplantation.Donor infection,acute rejection,DGF and diabetes mellitus are all risk factors for the postoperative infection.

Objective:Trigeminal neuralgia(TN)is a common neuropathic pain.Voltage-gated potassium channel(Kv)has been confirmed to be involved in the occurrence and development of TN,but the specific mechanism is still unclear.MicroRNA may be involved in neuropathic pain by regulating the expression of Kv channels and neuronal excitability in trigeminal ganglion(TG).This study aims to explore the relationship between Kv1.1 and miR-21-5p in TG with a TN model,evaluate whether miR-21-5p has a regulatory effect on Kv1.1,and to provide a new target and experimental basis for the treatment of TN. Methods:A total of 48 SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:1)a sham group(n= 12),the rats were only sutured at the surgical incision without nerve ligation;2)a sham+ agomir NC group(n=6),the sham rats were microinjected with agomir NC through stereotactic brain injection in the surgical side of TG;3)a sham+miR-21-5p agomir group(n=6),the sham rats were microinjected with miR-21-5p agomir via stereotactic brain injection in the surgical side of TG;4)a TN group(n=12),a TN rat model was constructed using the chronic constriction injury of the distal infraorbital nerve(dIoN-CCI)method with chromium intestinal thread;5)a TN+antagonist NC group(n=6),TN rats were microinjected with antagonist NC through stereotactic brain injection method in the surgical side of TG;6)a TN+miR-21-5p antagonist group(n=6),TN rats were microinjected with miR-21-5p antagonist through stereotactic brain injection in the surgical side of TG.The change of mechanical pain threshold in rats of each group after surgery was detected.The expressions of Kv1.1 and miR-21-5p in the operative TG of rats were detected by Western blotting and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Dual luciferase reporter genes were used to determine whether there was a target relationship between Kv1.1 and miR-21-5p and whether miR-21-5p directly affected the 3'-UTR terminal of KCNA1.The effect of brain stereotaxic injection was evaluated by immunofluorescence assay,and then the analogue of miR-21-5p(agomir)and agomir NC were injected into the TG of rats in the sham group by brain stereotaxic apparatus to overexpress miR-21-5p.The miR-21-5p inhibitor(antagomir)and antagomir NC were injected into TG of rats in the TN group to inhibit the expression of miR-21-5p.The behavioral changes of rats before and after administration were observed,and the expression changes of miR-21-5p and Kv1.1 in TG of rats after intervention were detected. Results:Compared with the baseline pain threshold,the facial mechanical pain threshold of rats in the TN group was significantly decreased from the 5th to 15th day after the surgery(P<0.05),and the facial mechanical pain threshold of rats in the sham group was stable at the normal level,which proved that the dIoN-CCI model was successfully constructed.Compared with the sham group,the expression of Kv1.1 mRNA and protein in TG of the TN group was down-regulated(both P<0.05),and the expression of miR-21-5p was up-regulated(P<0.05).The results of dual luciferase report showed that the luciferase activity of rno-miR-21-5p mimics and KCNA1 WT transfected with 6 nmol/L or 20 nmol/L were significantly decreased compared with those transfected with mimic NC and wild-type KCNA1 WT,respectively(P<0.001).Compared with low dose rno-miR-21-5p mimics(6 nmol/L)co-transfection group,the relative activity of luciferase in the high dose rno-miR-21-5p mimics(20 nmol/L)cotransfection group was significantly decreased(P<0.001).The results of immunofluorescence showed that drugs were accurately injected into TG through stereotaxic brain.After the expression of miR-21-5p in the TN group,the mechanical pain threshold and the expression of Kv1.1 mRNA and protein in TG were increased.After overexpression of miR-21-5p in the sham group,the mechanical pain threshold and the expression of Kv1.1 mRNA and protein in TG were decreased. Conclusion:Both Kv1.1 and miR-21-5p are involved in TN and miR-21-5p can regulate Kv1.1 expression by binding to the 3'-UTR of KCNA1.