A label-free electrochemical immunosensor using hollow structure nanomaterials based on its ordered porous and big surface area was designed. Au nanocage, with good conductivity, catalysis, and biocompatibility, was prepared and modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode with graphene to immobilize antibody of microcystin directly. In the absence of microcystin, biosensor can obtain high current response signal of electrochemical probe ( [ Fe( CN) 6 ] 3-/4-. When microcystin was combined with its antibody specifically, the charge density and mass transfer resistance on the surface of electrode increased, resulting in a decrease of the corresponding peak current of [ Fe ( CN ) 6 ] 3-/4-. This change was in proportion to the concentration of microcystin indirectly. Experiment conditions such as cultivation time of antigen and concentration of antibody were optimized. The results showed wide linear range of 0. 05 μg/L-1. 0 mg/L and the detection limit of 0. 017 ng/mL. This sensor has good stability and simple production procedure. This sensor provides a new and simple means for the ultrasensitive determination of microcystins in real water samples.

Objective:To investigate the effects of standardized treatment combined with medical nutrition intervention on blood glucose level, body mass management and glucose metabolism at 3 months postpartum in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods:A total of 114 patients with GDM who received treatment in Shunyi District Hospital of Beijing from June 2017 to October 2019 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into observation group ( n = 57) and control group ( n = 57). The control group was treated with standardized therapy, and the observation group was treated with standardized therapy combined with medical nutrition intervention. Blood glucose level, body mass management, glucose metabolism outcomes at 3 months postpartum, pregnancy outcome, and neonatal outcome were compared between the two groups. Results:After treatment, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose, 2-hour plasma glucose (2hPG) after breakfast, and 2hPG after dinner in the observation group were (5.20 ± 0.34)%, (4.69 ± 0.31) mmol/L, (7.32 ± 2.13) mmol/L, and (7.54 ± 2.36) mmol/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(6.38 ± 0.42)%, (6.34 ± 0.45) mmol/L, (9.01 ± 2.27) mmol/L, (9.35 ± 2.47) mmol/L, t = 16.48, 22.79, 4.09, 4.00, all P < 0.001]. The increases in body mass and body mass index during pregnancy in the observation groups were (12.19 ± 2.35) kg and (4.52 ± 1.13) kg/m 2, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(16.21 ± 2.64) kg, (6.11 ± 1.25) kg/m 2, t = 8.58, 7.12, both P < 0.001]. The abnormal rate of glucose metabolism at 3 months postpartum in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [5.3% (3/57) vs. 8.8% (5/57), χ2 = 0.53, P = 0.462]. The incidences of premature rupture of membranes, polyhydramnios, and cesarean section in the observation group were 5.3% (3/57), 14.0% (8/57) and 15.8% (9/57), which were significantly lower than those in the control group [22.8% (13/57), 35.1% (20/57), 40.4% (23/57), χ2 = 7.27, 6.81, 8.51, all P < 0.05]. There were no significant differences in the incidences of pregnancy-induced hypertension and postpartum hemorrhage between the two groups (both P > 0.05). The incidences of premature births, macrosomia, respiratory distress, neonatal hypoglycemia and hyperbilirubinemia in the observation groups were 5.3% (3/57), 3.5% (2/57), 7.0% (4/57), 3.5% (2/57), 5.3% (3/57), respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [22.8% (13/57), 17.5% (10/57), 21.1% (12/57), 15.8% (9/57), 19.3% (11/57), χ2 = 7.27, 5.96, 5.60, 4.93, 5.21, all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Standardized treatment combined with medical nutrition intervention can effectively reduce blood glucose level in patients with GMD, control body mass, and improve glucose metabolism at 3 months after delivery.

Objective:To analyze the common disease spectrum and medication of field medical team in our hospital in summer, and to provide medical and medicinal material supply for field medical team.Methods:The data of all cases of field medical team members during the training period were collected. The types and composition ratio of diseases were analyzed, the drug consumption was counted, and the drug use indicators were calculated including daily drug dose (DDDs), daily drug dose cost (DDDC), drug utilization rate (DUR) and drug ranking ratio (R).Results:During the 12 days of the field training in summer, 77 field medical team members had 91 medical visits and 117 cases of diseases, including 44 males and 33 females, with an average age of 39.7 years. There were 52 cases of respiratory diseases, 21 cases of digestive diseases, 18 cases of mosquito bites and skin diseases, 15 cases of trauma and skeletal muscle system diseases, 5 cases of ophthalmic diseases, 2 cases of neurological diseases, 2 cases of gynecological diseases, 1 case of oral diseases and 1 case of heat stroke. The top five drugs of DDDs and DUR were respiratory drugs, sensory organ drugs, dermatological drugs, antibiotic drugs, digestive system drugs and musculoskeletal system drugs.Conclusions:The disease composition and drug demand of field training in summer have certain characteristics. It is of great guiding significance to know the characteristics of disease incidence and drug consumption of field training for the medical support ability and training tasks for field medical teams in field training in summer.

OBJECTIVES: Several countries have successfully eliminated measles, and China is making significant strides toward achieving this goal. This study focused on investigating the patterns of measles infections in Zhejiang Province, China, as well as control measures. The objective was to provide valuable insights that could contribute to the development of nationwide elimination strategies. METHODS: We analyzed measles surveillance data from 2005 to 2022 in Zhejiang Province. We utilized a joinpoint regression model to examine trends in measles. Additionally, we employed SaTScan version 9.5 to identify spatial-temporal clusters. Finally, we used an age-period-cohort model to assess the effects of age, period, and cohort. RESULTS: The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of measles infection in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2022 was 5.24 per 100,000, showing a consistent and significant downward trend with an annual percentage change of -24.93% (p<0.05). After 2020, the ASIR for measles infection fell to below 0.1 per 100,000. The majority of measles cases occurred in individuals either without an immunization history or with an unknown immunization status, representing 41.06% and 41.40% of the cases from 2010 to 2022, respectively. According to data from the National Measles Surveillance System, the annual rate of discarded measles cases from 2009 to 2014, and the annual rate of discarded measles and rubella cases from 2015 to 2022, were both above 2 per 100,000, indicating the high sensitivity of the measles surveillance system. CONCLUSIONS The significant reduction in measles incidence from 2005 to 2022 demonstrates substantial progress in Zhejiang Province towards the elimination of measles.

OBJECTIVES: Several countries have successfully eliminated measles, and China is making significant strides toward achieving this goal. This study focused on investigating the patterns of measles infections in Zhejiang Province, China, as well as control measures. The objective was to provide valuable insights that could contribute to the development of nationwide elimination strategies. METHODS: We analyzed measles surveillance data from 2005 to 2022 in Zhejiang Province. We utilized a joinpoint regression model to examine trends in measles. Additionally, we employed SaTScan version 9.5 to identify spatial-temporal clusters. Finally, we used an age-period-cohort model to assess the effects of age, period, and cohort. RESULTS: The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of measles infection in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2022 was 5.24 per 100,000, showing a consistent and significant downward trend with an annual percentage change of -24.93% (p<0.05). After 2020, the ASIR for measles infection fell to below 0.1 per 100,000. The majority of measles cases occurred in individuals either without an immunization history or with an unknown immunization status, representing 41.06% and 41.40% of the cases from 2010 to 2022, respectively. According to data from the National Measles Surveillance System, the annual rate of discarded measles cases from 2009 to 2014, and the annual rate of discarded measles and rubella cases from 2015 to 2022, were both above 2 per 100,000, indicating the high sensitivity of the measles surveillance system. CONCLUSIONS The significant reduction in measles incidence from 2005 to 2022 demonstrates substantial progress in Zhejiang Province towards the elimination of measles.

OBJECTIVES: Several countries have successfully eliminated measles, and China is making significant strides toward achieving this goal. This study focused on investigating the patterns of measles infections in Zhejiang Province, China, as well as control measures. The objective was to provide valuable insights that could contribute to the development of nationwide elimination strategies. METHODS: We analyzed measles surveillance data from 2005 to 2022 in Zhejiang Province. We utilized a joinpoint regression model to examine trends in measles. Additionally, we employed SaTScan version 9.5 to identify spatial-temporal clusters. Finally, we used an age-period-cohort model to assess the effects of age, period, and cohort. RESULTS: The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of measles infection in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2022 was 5.24 per 100,000, showing a consistent and significant downward trend with an annual percentage change of -24.93% (p<0.05). After 2020, the ASIR for measles infection fell to below 0.1 per 100,000. The majority of measles cases occurred in individuals either without an immunization history or with an unknown immunization status, representing 41.06% and 41.40% of the cases from 2010 to 2022, respectively. According to data from the National Measles Surveillance System, the annual rate of discarded measles cases from 2009 to 2014, and the annual rate of discarded measles and rubella cases from 2015 to 2022, were both above 2 per 100,000, indicating the high sensitivity of the measles surveillance system. CONCLUSIONS The significant reduction in measles incidence from 2005 to 2022 demonstrates substantial progress in Zhejiang Province towards the elimination of measles.

OBJECTIVES: Several countries have successfully eliminated measles, and China is making significant strides toward achieving this goal. This study focused on investigating the patterns of measles infections in Zhejiang Province, China, as well as control measures. The objective was to provide valuable insights that could contribute to the development of nationwide elimination strategies. METHODS: We analyzed measles surveillance data from 2005 to 2022 in Zhejiang Province. We utilized a joinpoint regression model to examine trends in measles. Additionally, we employed SaTScan version 9.5 to identify spatial-temporal clusters. Finally, we used an age-period-cohort model to assess the effects of age, period, and cohort. RESULTS: The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of measles infection in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2022 was 5.24 per 100,000, showing a consistent and significant downward trend with an annual percentage change of -24.93% (p<0.05). After 2020, the ASIR for measles infection fell to below 0.1 per 100,000. The majority of measles cases occurred in individuals either without an immunization history or with an unknown immunization status, representing 41.06% and 41.40% of the cases from 2010 to 2022, respectively. According to data from the National Measles Surveillance System, the annual rate of discarded measles cases from 2009 to 2014, and the annual rate of discarded measles and rubella cases from 2015 to 2022, were both above 2 per 100,000, indicating the high sensitivity of the measles surveillance system. CONCLUSIONS The significant reduction in measles incidence from 2005 to 2022 demonstrates substantial progress in Zhejiang Province towards the elimination of measles.

Objective To further investigate the expression of MAGE-1 gene in hepatocellular carcincma (HCC). Methods The tumors and adjacent liver tissue from 45 HCC patients and liver tissue from 28 non-HCC patients (16 with liver cirrhosis and 12 with normal liver) were characterized by RT-PCR. A 421 bp PCR product from a cDNA fragment spanning exons 1,2 and 3 was sequenced. The HLA type wes assayed by standard ELISA in 43 HCC patients. Results Thirty-two of 45 tumor tissues from HCC patients expressed MAGE-1 mRNA (71.1%).In contrast, MAGE-1 mRNA was not detected in adjacent tissues. Three were found to have point mutations at 3 idntical sites resulting in the substitution of two amino acid residues.The most frequent HLA types in 43 HCC patients were: HLA-A2, 53.5%; A11, 25.6%; A24, 20.9%; A33, 20.9%; HLA-B13, 28.3% and B35, 23.2%. Expression of HLA-A33 (20.9%) was higher in HCC patients than that predicted in the normal Chinese population (8.8%). There was no discemable correlation between MAGE-1 expression and α-FP level, tumor size and hepatitis B or C virus infection.The identification of peptides which are restricted by haploptypes other than A1 should increase the opportunity for paptide based immunotherapy. Conclusions This study shows that MAGE-1 mRNA is highly expressed in HCC tumor tissue in Chinese patients. Previously unreported point mutations in the MAGE-1 gene are described and may also provide additional opportunities for immunotherapy.

OBJECTIVE: Hypertension is a low-grade inflammation state of the disease and was easily complicated by kidneys' inflammatory response. Mangiferin (MGF), a pharmacologically active compound in various plants including Mangifera indica, has a strong anti-inflammatory activity. However, the effects of MGF on renal inflammatory injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of MGF on renal inflammatory injury in SHRs. METHODS: MGF was used in SHRs at the doses of 10, 20, 40 mg/kg/d for 8 weeks consecutively. The blood and urine were collected for assessment of renal function. Renal tissues were collected for histological, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, Western blot and real time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) analysis. RESULTS: The results showed that the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and recombinant chemokine C-C-Motif receptor 2 (CCR2) were increased in SHRs, meanwhile, the level of IL-10 was decreased in SHR. Treatment of MGF inhibited the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1 and CCR2, and promoted the expression of IL-10. Furthermore, the content of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum uric acid (SUA) was significantly increased in the model group, and treatment of MGF had no obvious effects on these parameters at all dose levels. CONCLUSION Our study proved that the kidneys of SHRs had significant inflammatory injury, and MGF had the protective effects on renal inflammatory injury in SHRs; The protective mechanism may be mediated partly by the MCP-1/CCR2 signaling pathway. Thus, it is a potential new drug for the treatment of hypertension.