Objectives: To develop and evaluate the Psychological Adjustment Scale for Cancer Patients (PASCP).Methods: A self-report rating scale was developed with structured methods. A total of 557 cancer patients were asked to complete the scale and evaluate the importance of each item. And 183 relatives and 96 doctors and nurses were also asked to evaluate the importance of each item. The scale was refined and its reliability, validity and responsiveness were evaluated. Results: (1)PASCP was finally refined as a scale with 36-item, 5 dimensions including the impact on emotion/self-esteem, self-perception, daily life, relationship with others/social life, others, and an item to value the general psychological adjustment after the patients were diagnosed with cancer. (2)The scale had good content validity. Its construct was consistent with the concept designed. The factor loading spectrum and ANOVA are 0.63-0.79 and 7.44, 0.67-0.76 and 5.42, 0.69-0.88 and 4.77, 0.66-0.91 and 4.77, 0.63-0.80 and 4.38 respectively. The criterion validity with HAD and FLIC were 0.78 and 0.69 respectively. (3)The test-retest coefficients for the 5 dimensions and the total score were 0.83、0.82、0.86、0.78、0.76 and 0.89 respectively;Cronbach ? for them were 0.83, 0.86, 0.80, 0.78, 0.69 and 0.89 respectively. The split-half reliability for the scale was 0.93. 4.The scale could reflect the changes of the patients' psychological adjustment before and after treatment and recovery. Conclusion:PASCP has high validity, reliability and responsiveness. It is applicable in clinical practice in China.

Objectives:To study the satisfaction with doctor-patient communication among cancer patients, their relatives and medical staffs, and its associated factors.Methods:A total of 423 cancer patients were asked to rate their satisfaction with information communication, to complete the Information Need Questionnaire (INQ), the Demographic Questionnaire (DQ), and 4 questions regarding general information amount and content the patients got and wanted respectively. 82 relatives, 86 medical staffs were also asked to rate their satisfaction with information communication.Results:A certain proportion of cancer patients, their relatives and medical staffs were not very satisfied with their information communication. There are significant differences among them. The satisfaction of medical staffs was less. It suggests that they want to improve their communication level. Satisfaction with information communication of cancer patients was affected by the contents and styles of information communication, and whether their communication experiences met their preferences.Conclusions:Before providing information to cancer patients, we need to consider the style they want and to find out their needs and preferences.

Objective: To study and compare the views on cancer associated information and communication needs of cancer patients among cancer patients, their relatives, doctors and nurses, and other groups of people. Methods: A total of 501 cancer patients, 169 relatives,86 doctors and nurses, 176 healthy elderly people and 505 first grade college stu- dents were asked to complete the Information Preference Questionnaire of Cancer Patients and 2 questions regarding gen- eral information amount and content (IPQCP+2), and the Information Need Questionnaire (INQ). The elderly and the stu- dents were asked to complete two sets of IPQCP+2 and INQ in two roles: one as themselves and the other as patients. All data were analyzed in detail. Results: The views of different groups are significantly different. The differences include the viewpoints on whether to disclose the diagnosis of cancer and to inform the life expectancy to cancer patients, and whether the patients should participate in decisions about their medical care and treatments. The mean score of IPQCP on the over- all items and the 4 dimensions of all groups, and their opinions on general information amount and content for patients are significantly different. Conclusion: The views of different groups of people on cancer associated information and commu- nication needs of cancer patients are different. The views and requests of cancer patients themselves are the basis of doc- tor- patient communication. The prevention of cancer should be based on the characteristics of different groups of people and the patients’views should be considered.

Objective To explore the psychological characteristics of cancer long-term survivors.Methods One hundred and fifty one cancer long-term survivors(survival time ≥5 years) were chosen for participation from Guangzhou and Shenzhen by the coin method in this study.The qualitative data of the patients'psychological characteristics were collected by individual interviews,and the patients'behavioral and psychological characteristics were measured by the Tumor Psychological Scale(TPS),the Cancer Coping Modes Questionnaire(CCMQ) and the Psychological Adjustment Scale for Cancer Patients(PASCP).The psychological characteristics of the 151 cancer long-term survivors were compared with the average level of cancer patients (over 557 patients).Quantitive data were analyzed by two independent samples't-test.Results (1) Most cancer long-term survivors knew their diagnosis in two weeks after they were diagnosed.The cancer long-term survivors were better in mentality and got more social supports.Most long-time survivors attributed their success to good psychological well-being and positive treatments.(2) The TPS scores of cancer long-term survivors group(1.99 ± 0.45,1.68 ± 0.51,1.33 ± 0.32,1.87 ± 0.44,1.78 ± 0.41 respectively) were lower than the scores of the average level of cancer patients (3.06 ±2.12,3.08 ± 2.03,2.86 ± 2.08,3.02 ± 2.06,2.98 ± 1.75 respectively) in the dimensions of personality,emotion,unconscious,cognition and the total average score.The differences were significant statistically(P ＜ 0.01).The CCMQ scores of cancer long-term survivors group were higher than the scores of the average level of cancer patients in the dimension of confrontation and catharses.In the dimensions of avoidance and suppression,resignation and fantasy,the scores of cancer long-term survivors group were lower than the scores of the average level of cancer patients.All the differences were significant statistically (P ＜ 0.05).The PASCP scores of cancer long-term survivors group were higher than the scores of the average level of cancer patients in the dimension of emotion/self-esteem,subjective feeling,interpersonal relationship/social life,the daily life and the other.The differences was significant statistically(P＜ 0.001).Conclusion There are common characteristics of cancer long-term survivors such as good mental health state,lower tumor psychological level,positive coping styles,getting better psychological adjustment.

Objective:To explore the etiopathogenisis and pathogenesis of AIDS,provide the theoretical basis for TCM treatment based on syndrome differentiation.Methods:15 TCM experts who engaged in prevention and control of AIDS were investigated by the questionnaires,and the results were analysed.Results:In the experts' opinion,epidemic toxicity,damp-toxin,dampness pathogen and heat pathogen are the common etiopathogenisis of AIDS.Deficiency of primordial qi,yang deficiency of spleen and kidney and deficiency of both qi and yin are the common pathogenesis.The common invasion sits of pathogenic factors are in sequence of the spleen,kidney,lung,stomach and liver.Conclusion: AIDS is caused by damp-heat and epidemic toxicity,human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) has been confirmed to be the direct pathogenesis.The pathological characteristic is HIV toxicity danmaging the primordial qi.Pathological changes implicate mainly the spleen and the kidney.

Objective:To study the diagnostic value of MR diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and CT and MR perfusion imaging in patients with different degrees of liver cirrhosis.Methods:A total of 60 patients with liver cirrhosis,who were treated in Ziyang Hospital of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from August 2015 to February 2017 were selected.According to the Child-Pugh classification,32 cases of grade A were mild cirrhosis (denoted as group A),16 cases of grade B and 12 cases of grade C were moderate to severe cirrhosis (denoted as group B),30 healthy volunteers were selected as group C in the same period.All the subjects in the three groups were examined by DWI,CT and MR perfusion imaging.The ADC value,hepatic portal perfusion ratio [SSr (CT) and SSr (MR)] were compared among the three groups,and Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the indexes.Results:There was no significant difference in ADC values among the three groups (P＞0.05),and the ADC values of group A and B were lower than those of group C,but the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in ADC values between group A and B (P＞0.05).The levels of SSr (CT) and SSr (MR) in the three groups were compared,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05);the levels of SSr (CT) and SSr (MR) in group B were significantly higher than those in group A and C,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the levels of SSr (CT) and SSr (MR) in group A and C (P＞0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that SSr (CT) was positively correlated with SSr (MR) in the patients with liver cirrhosis (r=0.687,P=0.000).Conclusion:CT and MR perfusion imaging can reflect the lesion degree of liver cirrhosis,and diagnostic effects of the two are better than DWI imaging,which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Comprehensive therapy is widely received for esophageal carcinoma in our country and worldwide. The treatment approaches consist of sugery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy,and chemoradiation therapy is very important. Many randomized controlled studies and meta-analysis reveal that preoperative neoad-juvant chemoradiotherapy and radical concurrent chemoradiation are the preferred modalities for local advanced esophageal carcinoma.

Objective:To develop and evaluate the Cancer Dangerous Factor and Aura Manifestation List(CDFAML).Methods:A self-report questionnaire was developed.A total of 639 cancer patients were asked to complete the questionnaire and evaluate the importance of each item.And 129 relatives and 103 doctors and nurses were also asked to evaluate the importance of each item.706 healthy people whose demographics were similar to the patients were asked to complete the list.Results:①CDFAML was finally refined as a list with 19-item;the 4 dimensions including somatic,psychological,social factor and life habits.②The list had good construct validity and could well reflect the dangerous factor and aura manifestation of the onset of cancer.The 4 dimensions and the total score of the patients were significantly different from healthy people's scores.③ The test-retest coefficients for the 4 dimensions and the total score were 0.82,0.76,0.80,0.77 and 0.83 respectively;Cronbach ? was 0.76,0.79,0.83,0.80 and 0.86 respectively.The split-half reliability of the questionnaire was 0.90.Conclusion:CDFAML has high validity,reliability.

Objective To explore the relationship between enterprising and magnanimous psychological characteristics and coping modes in cancer patients.Methods Totally 450 cancer patients were randomly chosen to analyze the correlation using enterprising and magnanimous questionnaires and cancer coping modes questionnaires.T-test,Variance analysis and Pearson analysis were employed for statisticals.Results (1) The enterprising and magnanimous psychological characteristics:cancer patients generally got lower scores in the dimensions of enterprising,magnanimous,and total score (59.30±8.09,31.98±6.24,27.32±4.02,respectively) than healthy population (67.44±5.60,34.72±4.57,32.72±3.23,respectively).In demographic level,male and female cancer patients' scores were also lower than the healthy ones'.The higher academic backgrounds they had,the better enterprising and magnanimous psychological attitudes they embraced.In the comparison of occupation,professionals in administrative and companies scored the highest in the dimensions of enterprising,workers in special techniques,commercial and service industries scored higher in the dimensions of magnanimous.All the differences were significant statistically (P＜0.05).(2) Correlation analysis:the correlation index between psychological characteristics of enterprising and magnanimous and the coping modes in cancer patients was 0.463,with a positive correlation(P＜0.01),and the indexes among in the dimensions of enterprising and confrontation were regarded as a positive correlation (r=0.415),and negative correlations (r =-0.139,r =-0.047,respectively) with avoidance and suppression and resignation (P＜0.01).Conclusion The enterprising and magnanimous mental level of cancer patients is lower,which is related to their inappropriate responses of avoidance and suppression and resignation.

Objective To investigate the application of capillary electrophoresis by dried filter blood paper for screening of α-thalassemia in neonates .Methods The hemoglobin (Hb) of 46 718 cases of neonatal dried heel blood spots were analyzed by the capillary electrophoresis and the content of HbA ,HbF ,HbA2 and abnormal Hb were detected ,the phenotype cases which was screened positive were recalled for genetic analysis .Results A total of 2 598 cases of Bart hemoglobin (Hb Bart′s) positive were detected in 46 718 cases of neonatal heel blood dried blood spots .The screening positive rate was 5 .56% (2 598/46 718) .A total of 477 cases of α-thalassemia gene carriers were confirmed by genetic analysis in the 544 cases which were recalled .The coincidence rate of Hb Bart′s screening and genetic diagnosis was 87 .68% (477/544) .By analyzing the relationship between the clinical pheno-types and the content of Hb Bart′s ,we found the Hb Bart′s content gradually increased with the severity of clinical phenotype ,and the difference was statistically significant (P= 0 .000) .Conclusion There is a good consistency between the capillary electrophore-sis of dried filter blood paper and the genetic analysis .It could be determined α-thalassemia clinical type according to the Hb Bart′s content .