Cetuximab has become an important molecular targeted drug for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), which increases the curative effect of chemotherapy and prolongs the survival time. However, some patients develop insensitiveness or resistance to cetuximab, while the complicated molecular mechanisms are not quite clear. With the deep research in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway, the genetic alteration of KRAS, BRAF, PTEN and PIK3CA and polymorphism of microRNA (miRNA) have been proved to associated with cetuximab resistance. Wnt signaling pathway with its negative regulator RNF43 is also considered to be related with cetuximab resistance in recent studies. The review of the progress on molecular mechanisms of cetuximab resistance in mCRC can establish theoretical basis for finding out reasonable drugs to overcome the resistance.

Objective: This study aims to explore the clinical value of fusion indocyanine green fluorescence imaging (FIGFI) in total laparoscopic radical resection for right colon cancer. Methods: From October, 2018 to December, 2018, 15 patients who underwent total laparoscopic radical resection for right colon cancer using FIGFI in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Data regarding surgical outcomes, postoperative recovery, pathological outcomes and complications were collected and analyzed. Results: All patients successfully underwent total laparoscopic radical resection for right colon cancer using FIGFI. 1 patients (6.7%) received extended resection of bowel due to poor blood supply after mesentery excision. The average operation time was 133.7 minutes and intraoperative blood loss was 26.7 ml. The average time to ground activities, fluid diet intake, first flatus and postoperative hospitalization were 19.1 h, 11.7 h, 32.5 h and 5.0 d, respectively. The average length of tumor was 4.5 cm. The average proximal and distal resection margins were 14.9 cm and 12.1 cm, respectively. The average number of lymph nodes retrieved was 29.3 per patient. Only one patient suffered from incisional fat liquefaction after surgery and was managed effectively by regular dressing change. No severe complications such as indocyanine green allergy, anastomotic stenosis, anastomotic leakage, abdominal bleeding, bowel obstruction, pulmonary infection, and abdominal infection occurred in any patients. Conclusions FIGFI is helpful to judge the blood supply of intestinal segments and anastomotic stoma in total laparoscopic radical resection for right colon cancer quickly. It is a safe and feasible technique with satisfactory short-term effect.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the clinical safety, feasibility and short-term effect of overlapped delta-shaped anastomosis in total laparoscopic transverse colectomy. Methods: The records, which were based on China National Cancer Center, of 20 and 31 patients who underwent total laparoscopic transverse colectomy with overlapped delta-shaped anastomosis and laparoscopic-assisted transverse colectomy with conventional extracorporeal anastomosis, from March 2017 to May 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Data regarding surgical outcomes, postoperative recovery, pathological outcomes and perioperative complications were collected and compared. Results: There was no difference between the two groups in overall operation time, anastomosis time and intraoperative blood loss (P>0.05), however, the length of incision was significantly shorter in overlapped delta-shaped group [(4.7±0.6) cm vs. (5.5±1.0) cm, P=0.002]. The time to ground activities, first flatus and postoperative hospitalization did not differ between the two groups (P>0.05). The postoperative visual analogue scale was lower in the overlapped delta-shaped group than the control group on postoperative day 1 (3.7±0.7 vs. 4.2±0.9, P=0.015) and postoperative day 3 (2.7±0.5 vs. 3.2±0.9, P=0.040). The perioperative complication rates were 10.0% and 12.9% in the overlapped delta-shaped group and the control group, respectively, and the difference was not significant (P=0.753). Conclusion Compared to conventional extracorporeal anastomosis, total laparoscopic transverse colectomy with overlapped delta-shaped anastomosis was a safe and feasible procedure with satisfactory short-term effect, shorter incision and less postoperative pain.

Objective: To explore the clinical safety and feasibility of enterostomy using running suture of dermis and seromuscular layer in laparoscopic-assisted radical resection for rectal carcinoma. Methods: From May 1, 2017 to May 1, 2018, 46 patients who underwent laparoscopic-assisted radical resection for rectal carcinoma with enterostomy using running suture of dermis and seromuscular layer in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Data regarding clinicopathologic characteristics, operation and postoperative outcomes, stoma-related complications and functions of stoma were collected and analyzed. Results: All of the 46 patients successfully underwent this operation. Among them, 30 patients underwent laparoscopic-assisted abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer with sigmoidostomy and 16 patients underwent laparoscopic-assisted low anterior resection for rectal cancer with loop ileostomy. The mean operation time was 115.3 minutes and intraoperative blood loss was 86.1 ml. The mean time for enterostomy was 14.1 minutes. The average time to flatus, time to fluid diet intake and length of hospital stay were 1.8 days, 2.9 days and 6.5 days, respectively. During the follow-up period, three patients suffered from stomal edema, two patients suffered from parastomal hernia, and two patients suffered from skin inflammation surrounding stoma. None of re-operation related stoma and severe mobility such as stomal stenosis, stomal necrosis, stomal prolapse, stomal retraction and stomal mucocutaneous separation occurred. Thirty-five patients recovered with satisfactory stomal function, two with middle function and one with poor function. Conclusion Enterostomy using running suture of dermis and seromuscular layer in laparoscopic-assisted radical resection for rectal carcinoma is a safe and feasible procedure with a satisfactory short-term effect.