IL-18 was discovered as a proinflammatoty cytokine,stimulates natural killer and T cells and enhances Th1/Th2 immune response, and plays a central role in inflammation and immune response.. Immune-stimulating effects of IL-18 as a adjuvent agent against cancer,have antineoplastic properi-ties. However, Higher expression or secretion level of IL- 18 is detected in the blood of the majority of cancer pa-tients with poor prongnosis. IL-18 has also been associated with cancer progression and immune escape,is able to induce angiogenesis, metastasis. The dual effects of IL-18 in cancer need to be investigated further.

Neonatal sepsis progresses very fast,and its clinical signs are non-specific,and it can cause severe complications,such as shock,MODS.Therefore,early diagnosis is key to reduce mortality and improve prognosis.The clinical indicators in diagnosis of neonatal sepsis includ bacterial culture,peripheral hemogram,acute phase reaction proteins,cytokines,cell surface antigen and bacterial gene detection.This article reviews the clinical significance of these indicators in the early diagnosis,condition assessment,treatment monitoring of neonatal sepsis.

Objective To evaluate the distribution and expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ?(PPAR?) in pituitary ACTH-secreting adenomas of human.Methods Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to identify the distribution and expression of PPAR?.Results PPAR? expressed in pituitary ACTH-secreting adenomas and normal pituitary tissues.PPAR? immunoreactivity was found in nucleoli of pituitary ACTH-secreting adenoma and normal pituitary cells.The expression in pituitary ACTH-secreting adenomas was significantly higher than that in normal pituitary tissues.Conclusion The expression of PPAR? in pituitary ACTH-secreting adenomas significantly increased,so it maybe a potential therapeutic target of pituitary ACTH-secreting adenoma.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving the utilization ratio of emergency contraceptive(EC)pills and re-ducing unwanted pregnancy. METHODS:Among 458 women with unwanted pregnancy in our hospital,self-designed question-naires were used to survey the respondents'knowledge and utilization of EC pills,reasons for not using,sources of EC knowledge and drug availability. The results were analyzed statistically. RESULTS:Totally 458 questionnaires were distributed and then 426 valid questionnaires were collected with effective rate of 93.0%. Among respondents,the awareness rate of EC was 81.2%(346/426),and the rate of those receiving higher education was higher than that of other education levels(P<0.001). 56.3%(240/426) of the respondents had ever used EC pills at one time,the utilization ratio of EC pills were higher in women less than 30-year-old and receiving higher education than other age and educational levels(P<0.01). Only 20.2%(86/426)of the respondents ever used EC pills after the last menstrual period and only 3.5%(3/86) of them took EC pills correctly. Not understanding or knowing EC was the main reason for not using EC pills,accounting for 60.6%(206/340). The highest proportion of source which the respon-dents got EC knowledge was network,accounting for 53.5%(185/346). 37.0%(81/219) of the respondents who had ever pur-chased drugs couldn't purchase EC pills conveniently. CONCLUSIONS:The utilization ratio of EC pills in women with unwanted pregnancy needs to be improved and non-standard drug use is more common. It indicates that health education of contraception still need to be strengthened and the availability of EC pills improved.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of disposable root canal treatment for elderly patients with chronic pulpitis.Methods 84 patients with chronic pulpitis were selected and randomly divided into the control group and observation group,each group in 42 cases(42 teeth).The control group was used multiple root canal treat-ment,and the observation group was used disposable root canal treatment,and following-up for 1 year after treatment, the clinical effect and success rates after one year were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.9%, which was significantly higher than 69.0% of the control group (χ2 =3.860,P<0.05);After 1 years treatment,the total success rate of the observation group was 83.3%,which was sig-nificantly higher than 54.8%of the control group(χ2 =4.011,P<0.05).Conclusion The disposable root canal treatment for elderly patients with chronic pulpitis has a total effective rate,assembly and high power,which has cer-tain clinical reference.

Objective To optimize the expression conditions(expression and induction conditions)and purification methods(non-denaturing and denaturing purification)of recombinant Hq001 protein in salivary glands of Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis.Methods The recombinant plasmid pET-30a-Hq001 was transformed into competent cells E.coil BL21(DE3),E.coil Rosetta(DE3)and E.coil ArcticExpress(DE3)pRARE2 respectively for the selection of an optimal expression strain.The final concentration of IPTG(0,0.5,1.0 mmol/L),induction temperature(20,25 ℃)and induction time(0,2,4,6,8 h)were optimized.The recombinant bacteria expressed under the ideal induction condition were homogenized by French press and the target protein was purified by passing through a Ni-NTA affinity chromatography column under either native(denaturationrenaturation-column chromatography)or denatured conditions(denaturation-column chromatography-renaturation).The purified products were analyzed by 12% SDS-PAGE.Results E.coil BL21(DE3)was proved to be the most suitable strain for the expression of recombinant Hq001 protein.The optimum induction condition was induction with 0.5 mmol/L IPTG for 4 h at 25 ℃.The target protein with a relative molecular mass of approximately 18 800 was obtained by non-denaturing purification method,and the size was consistent with the expectation.Conclusion The recombinant protein rHq001 in salivary glands of Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis can be obtained by the optimized expression conditions and purification methods.

MicroRNA (miRNA) is an important gene regulatory molecule involved in the occurrence of a variety of diseases and is relat-ed to tumors. MicroRNA has become a new direction of oncology research in recent years. Studies showed that miR-29 plays dual roles, as tumor suppressor and tumor promoter. The expression of miR-29 significantly differs between cancer and normal tissues. miR-29 is predicted to be a biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of certain cancer. This paper reviews the role of miR-29 in the pathogenesis of cancer.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous kyphoplasty combined with zoledronic acid for the treatment of single segment osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF).Methods Clinical datas of 90 cases patients with postmenopausal suffered single segment vertebral compression fracture who were treated in Beijing ShiJingshan Hospital of Capital Medical University from March 2010 to March 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.The patienrs were randomly divided into three groups according to the different treatment methods,20 patients receivedbed rest treatment as conservative group,40 patients were undergone percutaneous kyphoplasty as operation group,30 patients were given percutaneous kyphoplasty combined with zoledronic acid as combination group.Visual analogue score (VAS) were recorded before treatment and 1 week,6 months after treatment,and lumbar vertebrae bone mineral density (BMD) was measured before treatment and 2 years after treatment.The subsequent fracture of the vertebrae was analyzed after 2 years of treatment.Results There were 4 patients were not followed up.Three patients in conservative group suffered complications,but no complications were observed in operation group and combination group.The VAS score of the combination group and operation group at 1 week after treatment was significantly different compared with conservative group((3.0± 1.4) points vs.(3.2± 1.2) points vs.(8.0± 1.1) points,P＜0.05).At the 6 months after treatment,there were no significant differences among the 3 groups on VAS score (P ＞0.05).Lumbar vertebrae BMD of combination group increased at 2 years after treatment,compared with conservative group and operation group the difference were significantly((-1.8±0.6) vs.(-3.1±0.5) vs.(-2.7±0.3),P ＜0.05).The incidence of the subsequent fracture of the vertebrae reduced of combination group,compared with conservative group and operation group the difference were significantly (3.3％ (1/30) vs.27.8％ (5/18)vs.21.1％ (8/38),P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Percutaneous kyphoplasty combined with zoledronic acid for the treatment of OVCF-patients with postmenopausal and single segment fracture is not only safe,effective,but also can obviously relive pain and reduce the risk of subsequent fracture of the vertebrae.

Objective To measure the scope of normal meniscus by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and create a database of meniscus size of each part.Methods The MRI image measured rake angle and back angle,body height and width of each part and the angular distance of rake and back angle of 303 meniscus of normal knee joint.Results The width and height of anterior horn,anterior exterior angle,body,angulus posteriolateralis and back angle of the medial meniscus were (5.67 ± 1.37) mm and (3.53 ± 0.86) mm,(7.24 ± 1.91) mm and (4.38 ±1.01) mm,(5.61 ± 1.73)mm and (4.25 ±1.07) mm,(11.01 ±3.53) mm and (5.41 ± 1.66)mm,(9.21 ±2.71)mm and (5.02 ± 1.39)mm,respectively.Rake and back angle of angular distance was (38.51 ± 10.88)mm.The width and height of the anterior horn,anterior exterior angle,body,angulus posteriolateralis and back angle of the lateral meniscus were (6.95 ± 1.69) mm and (3.83 ± 0.91) mm,(7.48±1.90)mmand (4.06 ± 0.97) mm,(6.51± 1.79) mm and (5.10±1.01)mm,(7.62±1.99)mm and (5.18±1.19)mm,(6.68 ± 1.41) mm and (5.64 ± 1.12) mm,respectively.The rake and back angle of angular distance was (38.51 ± 10.88) mm.Conclusion In this study,we obtained the data of meniscus for normal people by MRI,which provides reference values for diagnosis of meniscus injury and transplantation.

Objective The early stage of neonatal sepsis is short of specific clinical manifestations that easy to be misdiagnosed.This study aimed to demonstrate the clinical value of combined markers[proca-icltonin(PCT)and C-reactive protein(CRP)]in the early diagnosis of neonatal hospital-acquired infections by dynamic monitoring of PCT and CRP.Methods The study included 111neonates in the 1st Neonatal Ward of Shengjing Hospital from June 2013to August 2014which were divided into three groups and retro-spectively reviewed,including 37cases of diagnosed sepsis group,42cases of clinical sepsis group,and 32ca-ses of control group(non-sepsis neonates).We measured the serum levels of PCT and CRP in two sepsis group before antibiotic administration,12h and 24h after infection,3d and 7d after infection controlled,and in the control group before antibiotic administration.Results Before antibiotic administration,serum levels of PCT and CRP were significantly higher in two sepsis groups than in the control group(P﹤0.01).In two sepsis groups,PCT reached peak at 12h after infection[(15.00±15.51)ng/ml and(17.93±13.44)ng/ml] and decreased to normal at 3d after infection controlled[(0.49±0.47)ng/ml and(0.42±0.34)ng/ml];CRP reached peak at 24h after infection[(37.53±30.29)mg/L and(32.41±29.33)mg/L]and decreased to normal at 7d after infection controlled[(5.72±2.98)mg/L and(5.06±3.07)mg/L].The optimal cut-off values were PCT﹥2ng/ml and CRP﹥10mg/L(Youden index 76.11%,59.45%),the sensitivity were 88.61%and 75.70% ;specificity were 87.5% and 83.75% ;positive predictive value were 94.59% and 95.65% ;negative predictive value were 75.68%and 46.15%.Receiver operating characteristic area under the curve were 0.964,0.887.Conclusion In early stage of sepsis,both PCT and CRP increase.The optimal cut-off values are CRP﹥10mg/L and PCT﹥2ng/ml.CRP reaches peak at 24h after infection,decrease to normal at 7d after infection controlled,while PCT reaches peak at 12h after infection,decrease to normal at 3d after infection controlled.Combined detection of PCT and CRP can improve the sensitivity and specificity of the early diagnosis of neonatal hospital-acquired infections.