Murine thymocytes can be induced to proliferate and differentiate into cytotoxic effector cells when stimulated with Con A and provided with various cytokines. We have analysed the requirements for a range of cytokines in this system and, i n particular, the role of transforming growth factor ? (TGF-P) in regulating the cellular response to optimal concentration of the cytokines in combination. It was found that Con A+IL-2 (?)ed to marked proliferation and t hi s was augmented with IL-6, TGF-? inhibited the prolifera tion induced by IL-2+IL-6, the presence of TGF-?from the beginning of culture inhibited the development of cytotoxic effector cells and such effects were dose-related and could be reversed with antiserum to TGF-? but not. by a range of cytoki nes including IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, TNF-a or ?-IFN. Phenotypic analysis indicated that TGF-? preferentially inhibited the expression of IL-2 receptor and the growth of ly2~+ cells.

Objective To investigate the correlation of serum advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and the expression of receptor for AGE (RAGE) with mental disorders in senile people. Methods All the subjects aged 65～67 years were divided into 4 groups: healthy control (31 cases), Alzheimer's disease (AD) (36 eases), vascular dementia (VD) (20 cases) and mental disorder (MD) (28 cases). Fluorospectrophotometry was carried out to measure the AGEs levels in serum samples, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine the mRNA levels of RAGE in white blood cells. Results AGEs levels were 477. 1±36.2, 512. 6±33.2 and 415.2±32.5 AU/ml in AD, VD and MD group, respectively, which were higher than that in healthy control group (357.4±28. 2) AU/ml (F=3.77,P<0. 05). The mRNA levels of RAGE(RAGE/b- actin) were found to be 1.12±0.34, 1.27±0.41 and 1.18±0.42 in AD, VD and MD group, respectively, which were also significantly higher than that in healthy control group(0. 92±0. 37, F= 4. 07,P<0. 01). However, no significant differences were found in RAGE mRNA levels among the three groups of AD,VD and MD (F=0. 979,P>0. 05). The mRNA levels of RAGE in WBCs were found to be positively correlated with the serum AGEs levels (r=0. 442, P<0. 01). Conclusions Compared with patients in healthy control group, the serum AGEs levels and RAGE mRNA levels are significantly increased in patients with AD, VD and MD. The interaction between AGEs and RAGE may be involved in the pathogenesis of mental disorders in senile people.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the interlocking nail for extremity fractures. Methods This study reviews 1224 cases of extremity fractures treated with locking intramedullary nail fixation from October 1996 to June 2004, including 92 cases humeral shaft fracture; 210 cases intertrochanteric fractures; 488 cases femoral shaft fractures; 92 cases supracondylar femoral fractures; 342 cases tibia and fibular fractures. According to the AO classification there were 642 type A, 364 type B and 218 type C. There were 986 cases (72.4%) high-energy injury; 405 cases were multiple injury. There is 778 male and 446 female with mean age 39 years (range 16-92 years). Duration from injury to operation was 8 days(3 hour-30 days). Close reduction was 1203 cases and open reduction were 21 cases. Results Mean follow-up period is 24 months(6-70 month), mean operation time was 90 minutes(40-480 minutes). Union was in 1204 cases, union rate was 98.2%, mean union time was 5 months (3-12 months) on average, there were nonunion in 22 patients: 4 in humeral shaft, 8 in femoral shaft, 4 in supracondylar femur, 6 in tibia shaft, the nonunion rate is 1.8%. Late deep infection occurred in 3 patients: 1 in femoral shaft, 1 in supracondylar femur, 1 in intertrochanteric femur, the infection rate is 0.2%. There were 16 split in intraoperation: 4 in humeral nail, 4 in Gamma nail, 9 in supracondylar nail. Iatrogenic nerve palsy occurred in 6 patients: 2 in radial nerve, 2 in sciatic nerve, 2 in common peroneal nerve, the occurrence is 0.4%. One femoral nail was broken, locking screw were broken in 9 patients (0.6%), femoral shaft fracture of distal nail end occurred in 3 cases: 1 in Gamma nail, two in supracondylar nail. 53 patient complained uncomfortable in entry point (8 shoulders; 9 hips; 36 knees). Conclusion The result is satisfactory in bone healing low infection reduced blood loss and rapid recovery of the joint and body with the close interlocking nailing to be treatment of fresh extremity shaft fracture. It is a perfect method, however the complication should be pay more attention.

Artery pulse theories are closely tied to body circulation theories.This design aims to build up a bridge between Chinese medicine and Western medicine through the method of engineering.It uses microscope to enlarge the simulated artery and get the blood pulse curve in an image processing way.In the same condition,there are quite close relations between blood pulse curve and artery pulse curve.It's easy to simulate the changes of the viscoelasticity through changing the artery materials,which can bring up a new artery pulse curve.The differences between the new artery pulse curve and the former one are comprehensively analyzed.This design explains the differences in Windkessel theory,and makes a conclusion.

liver fire exuberant syndrome. Conclusion Hs-CRP and IMT can be used as important indexes of TCM syndrome differentiation of MS.

Objective To develop-the rat model of diffuse brain injury(DBI)and to observe the pathophysio logical alteration of the rats after.traumatic injury.Methods A modified Marmarou's traumatic device W88 used to establish the animal model of diffuse brain injury with different degree through changing the impact condition that was applied on the rat brain(including 80cm 450g,120 cm 450g and 180cm 400g);the animal model was evaluated by observing the variations of nervous system signs,vital signs,sensorimotor function,and morphological changes of brain tissue in the rats that have received different impacts.Results The significant changes in nervous system signs,vital signs and sensorimotor function had been observed in all rats that were subjected to the different impact.The pathologic changcs of DBI in rats brain could he found in all groups.Moreover,this characteristic changes would have became more significant following the traumatic iaiury when the impact energy was increased.Conclusion The rat model of graded diffuse brain injury have been developed successfully.The moderate impact(120cm 450g)could produce low animal death rate and result in obvious pathologieal alterations in the injured rat brain.This impact condition would be suitable to be used in the study about DBI.

Object To study the polysaccharides from Salvia chinensis Benth. Methods DEAE-cellulose and gel-filtration chromatography were used to isolate and purify the polysaccharides whose structures were characterized by using chemical and spectral methods. Results Two homogeneous polysaccharides,named SC5 and SC6,were obtained from the water and diluted-alkaline extract,respectively,with their molecular weights estimated by HPGPC to be 4.8?10 4 and more than 1.0?10 6. Both structures were investigated to be complicated acidic polysaccharides. Conclusion The two polysaccharides are obtained for the first time from this plant.

Objective To determine the efficacy of side-to-side anastomosis in the treatment o f peripheral nerve injury.Methods Ten cases of peripheral nerve injury which could not be repaired by the routine methods were selected in thi s study by using the side-to-side anastomosis.The average time between injury to operation was 4months(1to 10months).The injured nerve trunk was kept abr east of neighbor donor nerve at suitable segment,the opposite epineurium and fascicle of two nerve were cut open 1-2cm until nerve fiber was seen.Two segments were clo sed together tightly and the side-to-side anastomosis was performed wit h9/0-11/0threads.Clinical and EMG e xamination were carried on in each case.Results Nine of ten cases were followed-up for 3months t o 3years,with an average of 16months.M3S3or b etter of their main nerve control area were found in 6/9c ases,and M2S3 - in 3/9.No obvious motion or sensory f unction loss was seen after the surgery,or the dec rease from M5S5down to M4S4of the don or nerve postoperatively re-covered in 3weeks to 3months.Conclusion Side-to-side anastomosis of peripheral nerve is a new remedy measure to treat those peripheral nerve injury which can not be treated by routine procedures.[

Objective To investigate retrospectively the clinical characteristics of hospitalized ulcerative colitis(UC)patients of our department,and evaluate the diagnosis and treatment.Methods The cases of UC patients from 1989 to Jun 2005 were retrospectively reviewed. We analyzed the patients' symptoms,diagnosis,and treatment.Results There were 155 cases reviewed. The sex ratio(M/F)was 1.54∶ 1. The average age of patients was 41.8. The peak age of onset was 20~30. 32.3% of our cases were mild type,and 41.3% were moderate type,severe type were 26.5%. Of these pateints,52.9% were pancolitis,and 39.4% were chronic recurrent type,which was very common. Most cases(72.9%)were diagnosed by clinic combined with endoscope and pathology. Most of the severe UC responded well to the drug therapy. Very less(4.5%)had to underwent surgery. No patient died.Conclusion Most of our patients are mild or moderate type,and they respond well to drug some severe and moderate types need steroids and immuno suppressor. The extracolonic manifestation rate(12.9%)and operation rate(4.5%)are low.

Objective To investigate whether uninduced autologous bone-marrow mononuclear cell (ABM-MNC) could survive and differentiate into myocardial cells and endothelial cells in the infarcted heart. Methods 40 male big-ear Japanese rabbits were divided into two groups randomly: the transplanted group (n=20) and the control group (n=20). The model of acute myocardial infarction was made by left anterior descending artery ligation, which was confirmed by ECG. The cardiac function was evaluated by the echocardiography. 7 days later, BrdU labeled ABM-MNCs were injected into infarcted and marginal area myocardium in the transplanted group, while the control rabbits were injected with saline. 6 weeks later, the hearts were harvested for histology and immunohistochemistry evaluation. Results In the transplanted group, viable cells labeled with BrdU could be identified in the infarcted area, and myocytes and endothelial cells labeled with BrdU can also be found in the border area, these cells demonstrate myogenic differentiation with the expression of α-Actin by immunostaining. Moreover, the vessel density of the transplanted group in the borders of the infarction was higher than the control group (P＜0. 05), but there was no difference in the infarcted areas between two groups (P＞0.05). At the 6 weeks after experiment, the cardiac function was improved in both groups, but the transplanted group improved more than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Autologous bone-marrow mononuclear cells injected into the infarcted myocardium could survive in both the infarcted and the border areas, differentiated into endothelial cells and other cells which have obtained the characters of myocytes, and increase the vessel density in border area, improved the cardiac function.