1.The anomalous origin of coronary arteries causing sudden death and its clinical significance
Jiemin ZHU ; Lijuan FAN ; Fengwei SUN ; Xuesheng WU ; Yuanning YING ; Zhi DONG ; Xu LI
Chinese Journal of Radiology 2010;44(3):269-272
Objective To investigate the morbidity of anomalous coronary origin from the opposite coronary sinus, which may cause sudden death of young athletes in Chinese population.And to identify the imaging characteristics of this anomaly and its clinical significance combined with literature review.Methods The computed tomographic coronary angiography (CTCA) database at TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital was reviewed.All of the patients diagnosed with isolated anomalous origin of a coronary artery from the opposite sinus of valsalva (anomalous origin of coronary artery, AOCA) and subsequent coursing between the pulmonary artery and the aorta were collected from 14 343 Chinese individuals.The location of anomalous coronary origin, the shape and course of the proximal ectopic arterial segments were identified.The nonatherosclerostic stenotic caliber of the segments and the angle between the ectopic coronary artery and the adjacent aortic wall were assessed.Results Seventy-four patients of AOCA (including the left or right single coronary artery) were diagnosed using CTCA.Among the 74 cases, the potentially serious course of the ectopic coronary artery between the pulmonary artery and the aorta were identified in 59 individuals.Fifty-six cases of ectopic right coronary with interarterial course (anomalous origin of right coronary artery, AORCA) and three patients with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery (AOLCA) were found, including two cases judged as potentially serious origin of either single left coronary artery (n=1) or single right coronary artery (n=1).The morbidity of the potentially serious anomalous origin of coronary artery in Chinese population was established as 4.1‰ (59/14 343).In the subgroup of AORCA, the lumen of initial ectopic segment was frequently compressed and stenotic.In 29 cases (52.7%) the stenosis of the lumen were more than 50%, and in 3 cases (5.4%) the stenosis of the ectopic coronary artery were more than 70%.The incidence of AORCA was 17.7 times higher (56/3) than that of AOLCA in Chinese population.Conclusions Nowadays CTCA is considered the most useful imaging technique in identifying the origin, shape and course of ectopic initial segment of the coronary artery.The significance of these anatomic characteristics, that may induce sudden death in Chinese young athletes, need to be investigated further.
2. Effects of hypertonic sodium saline resuscitation on the liver damage of rats at early stage of severe scald
Jiping ZHOU ; Zhi GAO ; Yexiang SUN ; Xulin CHEN ; Xuesheng WU ; Fei WANG
Chinese Journal of Burns 2017;33(1):31-36
Objective:
To explore the effects of hypertonic sodium saline (HSS) resuscitation on the liver damage of rats at early stage of severe scald.
Methods:
Fifty-six SD rats were divided into sham injury group (SI,
3.Comparative study on real-world data of water filled and air charged manometry in urodynamic examinations
Han DENG ; Limin LIAO ; Xing LI ; Juan WU ; Yue WANG ; Qinggang LIU ; Xuesheng WANG ; Zhonghan ZHOU ; Dongqing PANG ; Xunhua LI ; Xiaoping WAN ; Yanan LIANG
Chinese Journal of Urology 2021;42(6):449-454
Objective:Evaluate the influence of different pressure transmission media of urodynamic water filled catheter(WFC) and air charged catheter(ACC) on the pressure measurement results to determine whether they can be used interchangeably.Methods:The results of 2 147 patients who underwent urodynamic examination in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 2 538 times of bladder manometry data were obtained, including 1 299 times in WFC group, 856 times in male and 443 times in female, aged 37(24, 50)years, course of disease 1.2(0.4, 5.0) years, 1 130 times in neurogenic bladder(NB)and 169 times in non-neurogenic bladder(N-NB); In ACC group, there were 1 239 times, 773 times for male and 466 times for female, with age of 37(24, 55)years, course of disease of 1.5(0.5, 6.0)years, 1 040 times for Nb and 199 times for N-NB. There was no significant difference in baseline data of general clinical data between the two groups. The intravesical pressure(Pves), intra-abdominal pressure(Pabd)and detrusor pressure(Pdet) of WFC and ACC patients during filling and urination were analyzed. For traumatic spinal cord injury(SCI) and idiopathic patients, the two sets of pressure measurement data were analyzed separately. Nonparametric test and Chi-square test were used to compare the Pves, Pabd, and Pdet recorded by the two manometry catheters before, at the end and after urination, the maximum detrusor pressure at DO(Pdet.max-DO), and the maximum detrusor pressure during spontaneous urination (Pdet. max) and the detrusor pressure (Pdet.Qmax) corresponding to the maximum urine flow rate, the maximum urethral pressure (MUP) and the maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP) during resting urethral pressure profile, and the initial cough Pdet signal pattern (typeⅠ, typeⅡand typeⅢ).Results:Regardless of the cause, the Pabd values measured by ACC were significantly higher than WFC before filling, end filling and after voiding[18(10, 26)cmH 2O vs.15(11, 21)cmH 2O; 23(16, 31)cmH 2O vs. 20(14, 26)cmH 2O; 23(15, 31)cmH 2O vs.18(12, 24)cmH 2O], and Pdet were significantly lower than WFC[0(0, 0) cmH 2O vs. 0(0, 1)cmH 2O; 5(1, 13)cmH 2O vs. 9(4, 17)cmH 2O; 6(1, 12)cmH 2O vs. 7(3, 14)cmH 2O]. In the initial cough state, Pves and Pabd increase value were also significantly lower than that of WFC [22(12, 36)cmH 2O vs. 23(14, 38)cmH 2O; 20(10, 33)cmH 2O vs. 21(12, 36)cmH 2O]. The Pves measured by ACC was also significantly higher than WFC before filling and after voiding[18(10, 27)cmH 2O vs. 16(11, 21)cmH 2O; 30(22, 39)cmH 2O vs. 26(20, 36)cmH 2O]. Maximum urethral pressure (MUP) and maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP) measured by ACC were significantly higher than WFC [91(69, 118)cmH 2O vs.81(64, 106)cmH 2O; 77(55, 103)cmH 2O vs. 68(48, 91)cmH 2O], and there were no significant differences in Pdet.max-DO、Pdet.max和Pdet.Qmax. For patients with traumatic SCI, the Pves measured by ACC was significantly higher than WFC before filling[15(10, 24)cmH 2O vs. 14(10, 20)cmH 2O], and only MUP was significantly higher than WFC in the measurement of urethral pressure[95(71, 119)cmH 2O vs. 85(65, 112)cmH 2O], and there were no significant differences in Pdet.max-DO, Pdet.max, Pdet.Qmax and MUCP. For idiopathic patients, Pves measured by ACC before filling and after urination were significantly higher than WFC[25(20, 29)cmH 2O vs. 18(11, 23)cmH 2O; 35(29, 44)cmH 2O vs. 28(20, 38)cmH 2O], while Pdet.max-DO, Pdet.max, Pdet.Q max, MUP and MUCP were not significantly different in different pressure measurement systems. For the comparison of the initial cough Pdet signal pattern, ACC is easier to detect type Ⅰ, and WFC is easier to detect type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ. Conclusions:Compared with WFC, ACC measured higher Pves and Pabd and lower Pdet in resting state, and lower Pves and Pabd in initial cough state. The pressure values and signal pattern measured by WFC and ACC are not completely consistent, so they cannot be used interchangeably.
4.Effect of South African Herb Hoodia gordonii on Liver Glucolipid Metabolism and PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 Signalling Pathway in db/db Mice
Chengfei ZHANG ; Qiue ZHANG ; Linging QIN ; Wei LIU ; Guangyuan XU ; Xuesheng MA ; Lili WU ; Tonghua LIU
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2024;30(5):57-64
ObjectiveTo observe the effects of the South African herb Hoodia gordonii (HG) on glucolipid metabolism in diabetic db/db mice and explore the possible mechanisms of HG on the liver of db/db mice based on the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/factor forkhead protein O1 (FoxO1) signaling pathway. MethodA total of 30 db/db mice were randomly divided into five groups according to fasting blood glucose: model group, metformin group (0.195 g·kg-1), and low dose (0.39 g·kg-1), medium dose (0.78 g·kg-1), and high dose (1.56 g·kg-1) HG groups, with six m/m mice in each group, and another six m/m mice were set as normal group. The mice in the normal and model groups were given saline of 9 mL·kg-1 by gavage. Body weight, water intake, and fasting blood glucose of the mice in each group were measured weekly. After six weeks of continuous administration, serum insulin (FINS), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea, and creatinine (CREA) were measured, and liver sections were embedded and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), and oil red O. Protein expression of PI3K p85, p-Akt, and p-FoxO1 in liver was detected by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expression of PI3K, Akt, and FoxO1 in liver tissue was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). ResultAfter six weeks of administration intervention, it was found that fasting blood glucose was significantly downregulated in mice in the three HG groups (P<0.05). The level of islet resistance index was significantly reduced in both the low and medium dose HG groups (P<0.05). The expression levels of TC, TG, and LDL were reduced in all HG groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). Pathologically, HG could alleviate hepatocyte steatosis, reduce the volume and content of lipid droplets in liver, and increase the distribution of glycogen granules in liver to some extent in mice. Immunohistochemical assays revealed that PI3K p85 protein expression was significantly increased in the low, medium, and high dose HG groups compared with the model group (P<0.01). p-Akt protein expression was significantly increased in the medium and high dose HG groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). p-FoxO1 protein expression was significantly increased in the low, medium, and high dose HG groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, PI3K mRNA was increased in low dose, medium dose, and high dose HG groups (P<0.05), and Akt mRNA was increased in high dose HG group (P<0.05). FoxO1 mRNA was decreased in low dose, medium dose, and high dose HG groups (P<0.05). ConclusionHG can ameliorate the disorder of glucolipid metabolism in db/db mice, which may be related to its activation of the hepatic PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway.