Objective:Rosin alcohol two glycosidase (pinores inoldiglucoside, PDG) effect on the improvement of the osteoporosis in mice and the possible mechanism of action.Methods:A mouse model of osteoporosis was established by removing bilateral ovaries. According to the random number table method, 50 mice were divided into model (MOD) group (equal volume of normal saline), positive control (PC) group (0.2 mg/kg estradiol), PDG-low dose (L) group (5 mg/kg) PDG), PDG-high dose (H) group (10 mg/kg PDG by gavage) and PDG-H+ML385 group (10 mg/kg PDG by gavage after intramuscular injection of 30 mg·kg-1 ML385), 10 mice in each group; Another 10 mice without any ovarian treatment were selected as sham group (intragastric administration of the same amount of normal saline). After 3 weeks of drug intervention, the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) -α (TNF-α). The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by dual energy X-ray. The mRNA and protein expression levels of nuclear factor related factor 2 (Nrf2), oxidase heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively.Results:The serum ALP levels in Sham, MOD, PC, PDG-L, PDG-H and PDG-H + ML385 groups were (25.88±3.42), (47.42±5.32), (36.20±3.37), (38.95±3.24), (29.66±2.64), (39.57±2.06) U/dL, respectively; The serum trap levels were (2.18±0.40), (4.69±0.83), (3.58±0.38), (3.67± 0.48), (2.93±0.26), (3.81±0.49) U/L, respectively; BMD (153.04±12.96), (86.25±6.71), (126.53±8.99), (119.77±8.84), (139.18±15.94), (92.09±4.17) mg/cm 2; The expression levels of Nrf2 mRNA were 1.00±0.00, 0.35±0.04, 0.67±0.05, 0.54±0.03, 0.82±0.08 and 0.48±0.04, respectively; The expression levels of HO-1 mRNA were 1.00±0.00, 0.25±0.03, 0.56±0.03, 0.47± 0.03, 0.71±0.04 and 0.37±0.04, respectively; The expression levels of nqo1mrna were 1.00±0.00, 0.38± 0.02, 0.63±0.03, 0.58±0.04, 0.79±0.05 and 0.44±0.03, respectively; Nrf2 protein expression levels were 0.98±0.08, 0.26±0.04, 0.52 ±0.06, 0.46±0.03, 0.86±0.07, 0.45±0.05. HO-1 protein expression levels were 0.39±0.02, 0.09±0.01, 0.15 ±0.03, 0.17±0.03, 0.26±0.03, 0.12±0.02. NQO1 protein expression levels were 0.53±0.03, 0.21±0.02, 0.38±0.04, 0.29±0.02, 0.55±0.03, 0.24±0.04, respectively; The levels of serum IL-6 were (104.25±11.35), (515.38±74.48), (351.78± 65.12), (364.73±36.64), (246.18±17.52), (408.93±32.56) pg/ml, respectively; The levels of serum TNF-α were (33.79±3.55), (170.11±19.24), (76.09±8.99), (84.95±6.12), (66.98±3.73), (119.04±9.75) pg/mL, respectively; The serum SOD levels were (258.47±19.25), (72.15±8.12), (187.60±14.63), (152.61±12.36), (204.22±19.65), (138.01±13.62) U/mL, respectively; The serum MDA levels were (2.02±0.27), (4.75±0.73), (3.19±0.46), (3.7±0.49), (2.91±0.42), (4.10 ±0.25) μmol/L respectively. There were significant differences between MOD group and Sham group, or PC, PDG-L, PDG-H, PDG-H+ML385 group and MOD group,or PDG-H+ML385 group and PDG-H ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:PDG can reduce bone inflammation and oxidative stress by activating Nrf2 pathway and improve the state of osteoporosis.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the infarction location and progressive motor deficits (PMD) occurrence.Methods The patients with middle cerebral artery(MCA) infarction within 24 h of onset without thrombolytic therapy were included.The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) motor item score increase ≥2 points of the base line within 7 d after stroke onset served as the PMD diagnostic criteria.The differences in clinical and laboratory data,and infarction location were compared between the PMD group and non-PMD group.The multivariate Logistic regression analysis predicted the risk factors of PMD occurrence.Results A total 121 patients with MCA acute cerebral infarction were included in the study and divided into the PMD group (45 cases) and non-PMD group (76 cases).The internal watershed infarction occurrencerate in the PMD group was higher than that in the non-PMD group (26.7 ％ vs.5.3％,p=0.001).The occurrence rate of penetrating arterial infarction (PAI) had no statistical difference between the PMD group and non-PMD group(42.2％ vs.35.5％,P=0.463).PAI was further divided into perforating branch atheromatous disease (BAD) and lipohyalinitic degeneration (LD).The occurrence rate of BAD in the PMD group was significantly higher than that in the non-PMD group (28.9％ vs.9.2％,P=0.005).The stepwise Logistic regression analysis indicated that watershed infarction [odds ratio (OR):9.750,95 ％ confidence interval(CI):2.828-33.612,P=0.000] and BAD lesion (OR:6.036,95 ％ CI:2.119-17.190,P =0.001) were the independent risk factors contributing to PMD.Conclusion Internal watershed infarction and BAD lesion may predict the PMD occurrence.The infarct location is conducive to find the high risk population of cerebral infarction progress.

Objective:To investigate the value of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP)in the evaluation on Calot’s triangle adhesion before laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods:A total of 254 patients received MRCP before LC,and the type of Calot’s triangle adhesion was evaluated,which included whether or not the cystic duct had been displayed, adjacent relations between the cystic duct and the gallbladder ampulla,and the open position of the cystic duct in the gallbladder ampulla.The type of Calot’s triangle adhesion by preoperative evaluation was compared with that by intraoperative findings. The relation between the type by preoperative evaluation and the difficulty of operation was analyzed.Results:The type of Cal-ot’s triangle adhesion by preoperative MRCP corresponded with that by intraoperative findings.The rabbit tail type of adjacent relation between the cystic duct and the gallbladder ampulla,the cystic duct starting at the middle portion of the gallbladder am-pulla and the absent imaging of cystic duct could indicate difficult LC procedures.Conclusions:MRCP could be used in preoper-ative evaluation on Calot’s triangle adhesion,to predict the difficulty degree of the LC procedure.

Objective:In combination with 3D printing technology and degradable composite materials, to discuss the preparation method of tissue engineering ossicles for middle ear hearing reconstruction.Methods:Domestic polymer (polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, PLGA) and degradable ceramic material (β-tricalcium phosphate, β-TCP) were selected and prepared by low temperature deposition method according to the design ratio to Program according to the outline design code of the required scaffold to generate appropriate print files, and then the self-developed low-temperature deposition printing device was used to prepare tissue-engineered osseous scaffolds in accordance with the print files in a low-temperature environment. The scaffolds was freeze-dried and sterilized for later use after printing. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the apparent characteristics and internal structure of the scaffolds and to check its pore size, porosity and mechanical properties.Results:After printing, a degradable scaffold was obtained. Under the optical microscope, it was a small cylindrical shape with a diameter of 1.5 mm and a length of 6.0 mm, and its surface had micropores. The degradable scaffold had a horizontal and vertical interlaced warp and weft structure, the wire spacing was 1.2 mm, and the pores were connected to each other. The surface could see circular or quadrangular pores with a pore size of about 100-400 μm. The diameter of the inter-pore cross-linked channels was about 50 μm and the diameter of the surrounding circular micropores was about 10-40 μm. β-TCP particles with a size of about 700 nm were attached to the surface of the PLGA material. The average porosity of the whole scaffolds was (83.43±0.01)%, and the content of BMP-2 loaded was about 0.7 μg/mm 3. After freeze-drying, the mechanical strength of the scaffold was moderate, and there was no obvious deformation during stretching and compression, which met the mechanical requirements of tissue engineering ossicles. Conclusions:Using the low-temperature deposition printing method and strictly controlled processes and conditions, a polymer-degradable ceramic ossicle tissue engineering scaffold can be prepared for implantation experiments. The scaffold has suitable porosity and mechanical properties, and can be loaded with osteoinductive factors.

Objective:To analyze the differences in paraspinal muscles between patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) with or without spondylolisthesis and to assess the correlation between these differences and lumbar facet joint degeneration.Methods:The data of 68 patients with DLSS who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from January 2021 to April 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. Of these, 22 were male (32.4%) and 46 were female (67.6%), with an average age of 69.7±5.9 years (range: 56-80 years). The DLSS group included 35 patients without spondylolisthesis [13 males (37.1%) and 22 females (62.9%)], average age 68.5±5.9 years (range: 56-80 years), while the DLSS+degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) group included 33 patients with spondylolisthesis [9 males (27.3%) and 24 females (72.7%)], average age 70.9±5.7 years (range: 58-80 years). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the L 3-S 1 intervertebral disc levels were collected from all patients. Using ImageJ software, the cross-sectional area (CSA) and percentage of fat infiltration area (FIA%) of the erector spinae and multifidus muscles were measured. Additionally, the facet joint angle (FJA), facet overhang (FO), and facet effusion (FE) were evaluated using Surgimap software, and their correlation with CSA and FIA% of the paraspinal muscles was analyzed. Results:The FJA and FO in the DLSS+DS group (50.16°±11.08° and 7.67±2.25 mm) were significantly larger than those in the DLSS group (43.51°± 7.75° and 3.88±1.98 mm) ( P<0.05). However, differences in FE between the two groups were not statistically significant. The cross-sectional areas of the multifidus muscles at L 3, 4, L 4, 5, and L 5S 1 in the DLSS+DS group (576.66±112.70 mm 2,, 782.72±141.49 mm 2, and 817.88±185.22 mm 2,, respectively) were significantly smaller than those in the DLSS group (647.37±165.44 mm 2,, 881.20±202.10 mm 2,, and 995.06±211.25 mm 2,, respectively) ( P<0.05). The FIA% of the erector spinae at L 3, 4, L 4, 5, and L 5S 1 in the DLSS+DS group (11.47%±5.14%, 14.84%±6.15%, 20.82%±7.41%) were significantly higher than those in the DLSS group (6.27%±2.83%, 10.81%±4.84%, 16.17%±5.88%) ( P<0.05). Similarly, the FIA% of the multifidus muscles at L 3, 4, L 4, 5, and L 5S 1 in the DLSS+DS group (18.04%±5.88%, 19.67%±5.78%, 19.31%±8.61%) were significantly higher than those in the DLSS group (9.85%±4.39%, 12.27%±3.70%, 14.65%±3.82%) ( P<0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in the CSA of the erector spinae at these levels between the two groups. The CSA of the multifidus muscles at L 3, 4, L 4, 5, and L 5S 1 in both groups were negatively correlated with FJA and FO ( r=-0.318, P=0.008; r=-0.381, P=0.001; r=-0.439, P<0.001; r=-0.290, P=0.016; r=-0.315, P=0.009; r=-0.479, P<0.001). The FIA% of the erector spinae at L 3, 4, L 4, 5, and the multifidus muscles at L 4, 5 and L 5S 1 were positively correlated with FJA ( r=0.352, P=0.003; r=0.344, P=0.004; r=0.300, P=0.013; r=0.359, P=0.003). Additionally, the FIA% of the erector spinae at L 3, 4, L 4, 5, and L 5S 1, and the multifidus muscles at L 3, 4 and L 4, 5 were positively correlated with FO ( r=0.409, P=0.001; r=0.248, P=0.042; r=0.277, P=0.022; r=0.500, P<0.001; r=0.447, P<0.001). There was no correlation between FE and CSA or FIA% of the erector spinae and multifidus muscles at L 3, 4, L 4, 5, and L 5S 1 in either group. Furthermore, FJA was positively correlated with FO ( r=0.369, P=0.002), but no correlation was observed between FE and FJA or FO. Conclusion:Compared to patients with lumbar spinal stenosis, those with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis with spondylolisthesis exhibit more severe paraspinal muscle atrophy, a more sagittal orientation of the facet joints, and a higher degree of facet joint osteoarthritis. Patients with larger FJA and FO show more severe paraspinal muscle atrophy.

AIMS: To investigate the association of four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the IL-6 gene with osteoporosis (OST) susceptibility. METHODS: PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was carried out for SNPs detection. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) model and logistic regression model were used to examine the interaction between SNP and obesity on OST. RESULTS: Logistic regression model revealed that G allele of rs1800796 and the T allele of rs2069849 were associated with increased OST risk, compared to those with wild genotype. However, no significant correlations were found when analyzing the association of rs1800795 and rs1554606 with OST risk. GMDR analysis suggested that the interaction model composed of the rs1800796 and obesity was the best model with statistical significance (P value from sign test [P] = 0.012), indicating a potential gene-environment interaction between rs1800796 and obesity. Overall, the two-locus models had a cross-validation consistency of 10/10 and had the testing accuracy of 0.641. We also conducted stratified analysis for rs1800796 genotype and obesity, and found that obese subjects with CG or GG genotype have the highest OST risk, compared to subjects with CC genotype, and normal BMI OR (95% CI) = 2.21 (1.52-3.49), after adjustment for age, smoke, and alcohol consumption status. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that the C allele of rs1800796 and the C allele of rs2069849 of IL-6 gene interaction between rs1800796 and abdominal obesity were all associated with increased OST risk.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; Female ; Gene-Environment Interaction ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; etiology ; genetics ; Osteoporosis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Postmenopause ; genetics ; physiology ; Risk Factors