Background and purpose: Since the detection of localized prostate cancer is increasing, it's important to distinguish from benign lesions like prostatitis. This study aimed to compare diffusion weighted imaging with apparent diffusion coefifcients in differential diagnosis of localized prostate cancer on 3.0T MR. Methods:Sixty-nine cases with localized prostate cancer proved by pathology, 43 in perpheral zone (PZ) and 26 in central gland (CG), 33 with prostatitis, and 37 with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were analyzed. The signal noise ratio (SNR) and apparent diffusion coefifcient (ADC) value of lesions were measured, and a semiquantitative grading of DW image was performed. The diagnostic accuracy of both methods was evaluated by ROC. Results:45 cancer foci and 36 prostatitis lesions in PZ, 27 cancer foci and 42 BPH lesions in CG were included. The sensitivity and speciifcity for ADC value to distinguish cancer from begin lesions in PZ and CG were 88.9%and 86.1%、81.5%and 73.8%respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of ADC value was higher than DWI semiquantitative grading and SNR (P<0.05). Conclusion:ADC value yielded a higher accuracy in differential diagnosis of localized prostate cancer on 3.0T MR, thus it’s recommended as a major index for diagnosis.

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Propranolol ; therapeutic use ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; drug therapy

Objective To explore the role of team-based learning(TBL)in the teaching of pe-riodontics for undergraduates. Methods Totally 38 2008 grade undergraduates majored in stomatology were divided into six groups according to previous test scores. Individual test,group test and group re-sponder were conducted successively . Average test scores before and intra class were calculated and questionnaires survey was conducted after the course. Results There was no significant correlation be-tween average test scores intra class and basic knowledge and preview effect(r=0.028,P>0.05). Ques-tionnaire survey demonstrated that learning motivation,learning interests,knowledge mastering and com-munication ability of students were significantly improved. Conclusion TBL teaching promotes the class-room atmosphere and improves team collaboration and learning enthusiasm. Students show high accep-tance for this new teaching modes,so it can be tried in the teaching of stomatology.

BACKGROUND: Present studies have demonstrated that during neural development, differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) was affected by various regulatory factors from surrounding microenvironment. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a key induction signal during neural fetal development, and can be an effective inductor to regulate differentiation of neural cells. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the signal transduction pathway of SHH for differentiation of rhesus monkey bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into of neuron-like cells by sonic hedgehog factor. METHODS: Rhesus monkey BMSCs were isolated and cultured by conventional density gradient centrifugation. BMSCs in the induction group were treated with L-DMEM containing FGF2, B27 and fetal bovine serum for preinduction of 24 hours, and then with DMEM supplemented with 0.5 μmol/L retinoic acid or 400 μmol/L SHH for 8 days. Non-induced cells served as control group. Following labeling with neuron enolase, positive cells were screened by flow cytometry. RT-PCR and Western-blot were used to detect SHH- and retinoic acid-induced cell membrane receptor and intracellular signal protein changes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: SHH specific membrane receptor Ptc, retinoic acid specific receptor RARα, signal protein molecule ptch1 and Smad expressed in normal cells. Ptc expression upregulated in SHH-induced cells. High expression lasted for a long time with induction time, which was significantly stronger compared with the retinoic acid and control groups (P < 0.01). Intracellular ptch1 protein molecule expression showed similar tendency as this, but could not induce upregulation of RARα expression. During induction, retinoic acid-stimulated cells did not activate Ptc pathway. Four days following induction, RARα expression upregulated and lasted till 6 days, but there were no significant differences. No significant change in ptch1 expression was determined. SHH- and retinoic acid-induced cell Smad molecule expression upregulated, but no significant difference was determined. Results verified that SHH-induced scheme participated in cell induction and differentiation by persistently activating its specific receptors. However, there was no significant receptor pathway crossing between retinoic acid-induced and SHH-induced schemes.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)differentiating into neural cells is an effective way of cell therapy of nervous system disease.However,the methods used nowadays still need to be improved.OBJECTIVE:To induce the differentiation of rhesus monkey BMSCs into neuron-like cells by using sonic hedgehog factor.METHODS:Rhesus monkey BMSCs differentiating into neuron-like cells was induced by typical retinoic acid and sonic hedgehog factor.Rhesus monkey BMSCs were isolated and cultured by density gradient centrifugation method.Cell growth was observed under an inverted phase contrast microscope and cell growth curve was determined using MTT assay.Flow cytometry was performed to characterize the phenotype of BMSCs,and immunohistochemistry was utilized to assess differentiated cells.Ultra-structure of the differentiated cells was observed by transmission and scanning electron microscopes.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Rhesus monkey BMSCs cultured in vitro were identified by flow cytometry,with high homogenicity.Following sonic hedgehog factor disposal for 7 days,differentiated cells were mainly positive for neurone specific enolase,neurofilament protein,Tau and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP).Image statistical analysis found that in sonic hedgehog factor scheme,neural stem cells marker Neetin positive rate was significantly higher compared with the rstinoic acid scheme(P＜0.01).GFAP-positive rate was greater in the retinoic acid scheme than in the sonic hedgehog factor scheme(P＜0.05).Results indicated that sonic hedgehog factor scheme is an effective pathway of rhesus monkey BMSC differentiation into neuron-like cells.

Objective To investigate the influence of hyperactivity, Stereotyped behaviors , self-injury and irritabili?ty on parenting stress and emotions of the caregivers for patients with pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs). Methods Abnormal behaviors during last month were assessed in 138 PDDs patients by using Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Conners Index of Hyperactivity (CIH). The parenting stress and the emotional state of the patients’parents were evalu?ated by the Caregiver Strain Questionnaire (CGSQ) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), respectively. Re?sults Anxiety, depression and combination of anxiety and depression were present in 6.2%, 17.8%and 29.5%of PDDs caregivers, respectively. The partial correlation analysis showed that CGSQ score of patients’parents positively correlated with CIH score (r=0.201, P=0.023) and stereotyped act (r=0.189, P=0.033) of the patients, and negatively correlated with stereotyped speech (r=-0.219, P=0.013). The anxious mood of parents positively correlated with stereotyped act (r=0.206, P=0.021). Conclusions Anxiety and depression are common in caregivers of PDDs. Except for stereotyped speech, aber?rant behaviors of the PDDs increase parenting stress and worsen anxious mood of caregivers.

Objective To evaluate the incidence of four aberrant behaviors in patients with pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs).Methods The abnormal behaviors during the last month in 138 PDDs patients were assessed with Aberrant Behavior Checklist and Conners Index of Hyperactivity.Results The incidence of aberrant behaviors was 61.6％ for hyperactivity,81.9％ for stereotyped behaviors,13.77％ for self-injury,and 58.70％ for irritability in PDDs patients.The occurance of irritability in autism patients was higher than that of asperger syndrome (AS) patients (x2 =5.623,P=0.018).Conclusion Stereotyped behaviors,hyperactivity and irritability are common in children with PDDs.Autism patients are more likely to exhibit irritability behaviors than AS patients.

Objective To investigate the Demodex infection status and influencing factors in medical students in Wuhu City. Methods The mite specimens were collected by the cellophane tape method,and the influencing factors were investigated through the questionnaires. Results A total of 316 medical students were surveyed,117 students were infected with Demodex mite,and the total infection rate was 37.03%. There was no significant difference between the male and female in the infection rate( χ2 = 0.00,P > 0.05). Of the 117 infected cases,the infection rate of simple Demodex folliculorum was 51.28%,the infec-tion rate of simple Demodex brevis was 24.79%,and the rate of mixed infections was 23.93%. The rate of the mild infection (83.76%)was significantly higher than that of the moderate infection(12.82 %)and that of the severe infection(3.42%). The infection rate in the forehead was the highest(29.41%). Among the students with the oily skin,the infection rate of Demodex mite was related to sex. The infection rate of simple Demodex brevis in the male(3.70%)was lower than that in the female (16.42%)( χ2 = 6.92,P < 0.05),while the rate of the mixed infections in the male(17.28%)was higher than that in the fe-male(4.48%)( χ2 = 5.91,P < 0.05). The infection rate of facial skin with symptoms(51.80%)was higher than that of normal facial skin(33.05%)( χ2 = 9.14,P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the infection rate of Demodex mite and the living habits and other factors. Conclusions There is some infection of Demodex in the medical students. The infection rate of facial skin with symptoms is higher than that of the normal facial skin. So we should strengthen the prevention and treat-ment of Demodex infection in medical students.

Objective To explore the possible mechanism of Jianyi Recipe for improving the function of islet cells from the aspects of synthesis,secretion and inactivation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1).Methods The diabetic rat model was established by feeding with high-lipid food combined with injection of streptozotocin (STZ).The rats were randomly divided into model group,Jianyi Recipe group,and normal group.The treatment for the rats lasted for 4 weeks.The blood glucose level was detected by the rapid blood glucose meter.The plasma levels of GLP-1 and insulin were detected by Luminex liquid phase protein chip technology.Pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1) mRNA expression level was detected by quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The level of GLP-1 in ileum L cells was detected by immunohistochemistry,and dipeptidyl peptidase Ⅳ (DPP-Ⅳ)level was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Jianyi Recipe could decrease the levels of fasting blood glucose and postprandial glucose (P ＜ 0.05),promote the secretion of insulin (P ＜ 0.05),and increase PDX-1 mRNA expression level in the pancreas of the diabetic rats.Compared with the model group,plasma GLP-1 level,and ileal GLP-1 positive expression area and integrated optical density were increased (P ＜ 0.05) in Jianyi Recipe group,while the differences of serum DPP-Ⅳ levels were insignificant between the two groups (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion Jianyi Recipe maybe regulate the synthesis and secretion of GLP-1 to promote PDX-1 gene expression and insulin secretion,so as to reduce blood glucose in diabetic rats.

Objective To evaluate the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the related risk factors.Methods Fifty RA patients without overt atherosclerotic disease and 121 control subjects matched for age and sex were recruited.Duplex carotid sonography was used to measure intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque formation assessment.Differences between RA and the control group were compared, and the risk factors were explored.RA patients then were divided into two subgroups according to IMT and the comparison between the two subgroups were completed.T test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, Pearson's correlation and Logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results Although RA patients had lower level of serum lipids and body mass index than the control group, the mean IMT value was significantly higher in the RA group than that in the control group [(0.78±0.18) mm vs (0.62±0.14) mm, t=5.853, P=0.000], and plaque formation was more prevalent [56.0％(28/50) vs 36.4％ (44/121),x2=5.596, P=0.018].The difference was especially significant in the younger groups (＜50 years old group and 50-60 years old group).Logistic regression showed that the presence of RA [OR=7.34, 95％CI (2.53, 21.25)], male [OR=2.0, 95％CI (91.25, 3.17)] and old age [OR=1.1, 95％CI (1.04, 21.15)] were the independent risk factors for abnormal IMT (thickened or the presence of carotid plaques).The RA patients were divided into two subgroups according to IMT.Compared with patients with normal IMT, patients with abnormal IMT were older and more common in postmenopausal, and had longer RA duration and higher cholesterol level.In treatment, less patients with abnormal IMT had been taking methotrexate (MTX) for more than 3 months compared with patients with normal IMT.Among these parameters, old age [OR=1.13, 95％CI (1.03, 1.23)] was shown to be the independent risk factor for abnormal IMT in RA patients, and more than 3 months of MTX treatment [OR=0.12, 95％CI (0.02, 0.71)] was the protective factor.Conclusion Atherosclerosis occurs frequently and prematurely in patients with RA and the presence of RA is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis.Early primary prevention for atherosclerosis should be recommended.MTX probably has a positive effect on preventing atherosclerosis for RA patients, which needs to be confirmed by further study.