AIM: To study the effect of L-arginine (L-Arg) on function and structure of mitochondria in ischemia-reperfusion (MRI) myocardial cells. METHODS: Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (n=10 in each), control group, MIR group and MIR+L-Arg group. The mitochondrial respiratory function, Ca~(2+) concentration ([Ca~(2+)]m), malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined. Meanwhile, the contents of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), total adenylic acid number (TAN) and energy charge (EC) in the myocardial tissue were respectively measured. Moreover, the ultrastructure changes in myocardial mitochondria were observed during MIR. RESULTS: The mitochondrial respiratory control rate (RCR), velocity 3 (V_3), SOD, surface density (Sv) and specific surface (?) in MIR+L-Arg group were higher than those in MIR group, velocity 4 (V_4), [Ca~(2+)]m, MDA, volume density (Vv), horizental diameter (Hd) were lower than those in MIR group. ATP, ADP, TAN and EC levels of myocardial tissue were higher than those in MIR group. There was no significant difference between MIR+L-Arg and control group in V_3, V_4, SOD, MDA, Vv, Sv, ?, Nv, Vd, AMP and TNA. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that L-Arg improves the function and structure of mitochondria in myocardial cells in the reperfusion injury after myocardial ischemia by decreasing oxygen free radical level and Ca~(2+) overload in the mitochondria. [

This study was aimed to evaluate effect of Qinghua Granules (QHG) on glycometabolism, pancreatic islet function and oxidative stress in type-2 diabetics with heat syndrome. A total of 60 cases of type-2 diabetics with heat syndrome (according to the Syndrome Element Syndrome Differentiation) were enrolled in the clinic of the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Tradi-tional Chinese Medicine. The average age of enrolled cases was (57.9 ± 6.9) years. Enrolled cases were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group. The original hypoglycemic plan was continued to use. In the treatment group, QHG was administrated. And in the control group, placebo was given. The administration dosage in both groups was one package per day. The treatment course was 12 weeks. The fasting and postpran-dial (120 min after standard meal) blood samples before and after medication were collected. The main evalua-tion indexes were fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The secondary evaluation indexes were homeostasis model assessment (HOMA2-%B, HOMA2-%S, HOMA2%-IR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), maleic dialdehyde (MDA), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The anal-ysis of variance was used in the comparison of efficacy between two groups . The results showed that HbA1c in the treatment group was obviously reduced, and HOMA2-%B was obviously increased. There was no significant changes in the control group ( P = 0 . 044 , P = 0 . 016 ) . In the treatment group , SOD increased obviously , MDA reduced obviously. There was no significant change in the control group. There was difference b etween two groups (P = 0.011, P = 0.049). There was no change on blood lipids or other evaluation indexes. It was conclud-ed that QHG is effective in the improvement of glycometabolism, islet β-cell functions and oxidative stress in type-2 diabetics with heat syndrome .

Objective To explore the possible mechanism of Jianyi Recipe for improving the function of islet cells from the aspects of synthesis,secretion and inactivation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1).Methods The diabetic rat model was established by feeding with high-lipid food combined with injection of streptozotocin (STZ).The rats were randomly divided into model group,Jianyi Recipe group,and normal group.The treatment for the rats lasted for 4 weeks.The blood glucose level was detected by the rapid blood glucose meter.The plasma levels of GLP-1 and insulin were detected by Luminex liquid phase protein chip technology.Pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1) mRNA expression level was detected by quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The level of GLP-1 in ileum L cells was detected by immunohistochemistry,and dipeptidyl peptidase Ⅳ (DPP-Ⅳ)level was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Jianyi Recipe could decrease the levels of fasting blood glucose and postprandial glucose (P ＜ 0.05),promote the secretion of insulin (P ＜ 0.05),and increase PDX-1 mRNA expression level in the pancreas of the diabetic rats.Compared with the model group,plasma GLP-1 level,and ileal GLP-1 positive expression area and integrated optical density were increased (P ＜ 0.05) in Jianyi Recipe group,while the differences of serum DPP-Ⅳ levels were insignificant between the two groups (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion Jianyi Recipe maybe regulate the synthesis and secretion of GLP-1 to promote PDX-1 gene expression and insulin secretion,so as to reduce blood glucose in diabetic rats.

This study aimed at analyzing the medication regularity based on differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for losing weight using text mining technique.All the references over losing weight were retrieved in CNKI,Wangfang Database,VIP Database and Pubmed.The drugs from the references were classified in accordance with drug property,drug flavor,channel tropism and drug efficacy.Frequency and constituent ratio of a single drug in TCM prescriptions for losing weight were put into analysis using chi square test and factor analysis to find out the medication regularity.It was found that the properties of TCM drugs in the prescriptions contained both cold and warm,while the flavors of the drugs involved pungent,sweet and light.The channel tropism of the drugs mainly belonged to spleen meridian,liver meridian,stomach meridian and lung meridian.They were mostly tonic,relieving,blood-activating,qi regulating,inhibiting-damp and antipyretic drugs.Through factor analysis we found that the common formula compatibilities were concluded as:cassia seed,lotus leaf,hawthorn,salvia miltiorrhiza,polygonum cuspidatum and radix polygonum multiflorum;capillary artemisia,epimedium herb,stephania tetrandra and ligusticum wallichii;dried tangerine peel,pinellia ternata and poria cocos;plantain seed,pericarpium arecae and selfheal;paeonia lactiflora,angelica sinensis,scutellaria baicalensis and ligusticum wallichii;poria cocos,cassia twig,atractylodes and glycyrrhiza;immature bitter orange and bark of magnolia;radix bupleuri,lycium chinensis and jujube;Chinese yam and coix seed;and astragalus,pueraria lobata and polygonatum.In conclusion,formula compatibility mainly combined syndrome differentiation with disease differentiation for the treatment of obesity in clinic,using the drugs belonging to liver meridian,spleen meridian,stomach meridian and lung meridian with the flavors of sweet,bitterness or pungent and the nature of both warm and cold.

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of red blood cell distribution width-to-platelet ratio (RPR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting chronic hepatitis C (CHC)-related compensated liver cirrhosis by comparing serological markers between CHC patients and patients with compensated hepatitis C cirrhosis. MethodsThe patients with CHC in two townships of Fuyu County were screened for liver cirrhosis and liver cancer from September to December in 2019 and 2020, respectively. General information was collected; HCV RNA quantification, liver function, and routine blood test results were measured; liver transient elastography and abdominal ultrasound were performed at the same time. RPR, PLR, NLR, fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), and aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) were calculated. The Mann-Whiney U test was used for comparison between groups. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to determine the optimal cut-off values of RPR and PLR. A multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors for CHC-related liver cirrhosis. The linear regression trend test was used to investigate the changing trend of RPR, PLR, FIB-4, and APRI in hepatitis C patients with different fibrosis stages. ResultsA total of 968 CHC patients were enrolled, among whom 123 (12.7%) were diagnosed with compensated liver cirrhosis (liver cirrhosis group). Compared with the CHC group, the liver cirrhosis group had a significant increase in RPR and a significant reduction in PLR (P＜0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ＞60 years (odds ratio ［OR］=1.79, 95% confidence interval ［CI］: 1.12-2.86, P=0.015), albumin ＜40 g/L (OR=1040, 95% CI: 3.47-31.18, P＜0.001), RPR ＞0.081 (OR=3.83, 95% CI: 2.19-6.69, P＜0.001), PLR ＜91.11 (OR=225, 95% CI: 1.31-3.89, P=0.004), FIB-4 ＞3.25 (OR=3.14, 95% CI: 1.74-5.67, P＜0.001), and APRI ＞2 (OR=360, 95% CI: 110-11.78, P=0.035) were associated with the development of CHC-related compensated liver cirrhosis. With the aggravation of liver fibrosis, RPR, FIB-4, and APRI gradually increased and PLR gradually decreased (all P＜0.001). ConclusionRPR and PLR are associated with the development and fibrosis progression of CHC-related compensated liver cirrhosis. Elderly patients with CHC (age ＞60 years) should be monitored for the changes in albumin and liver fibrosis indicators, and RPR and PLR should also be monitored regularly to identify liver cirrhosis in the early stage, give timely treatment, and reduce the incidence rate of liver cancer.

Objective:To analyze the distributions of ABO and RhD blood groups by analyzing the basic data of blood group detection among voluntary blood donors in Huainan in 2021, to provide data support for blood recruitment, clinical use of blood, and emergency guarantee of rare groups of blood.Methods:ABO and RhD blood groups of 24 484 voluntary blood donors eligible for blood donation in 2021 were detected using the Metis150-8 automatic blood group analyzer, manual saline method, antihuman globulin method, and manual polybrene test. The blood group results were statistically analyzed.Results:Among 24 484 voluntary blood donors in Huainan in 2021, A blood group accounted for the highest proportion (7 463 cases, 30.48%), followed by O blood group (7 444 cases, 30.40%) and B blood group (7 056 cases, 28.82%), and the last was AB blood group (2 521 cases, 10.30%). A total of 143 cases of RhD-negative blood were detected, and the negative frequency of RhD was 0.58% (143/24 484). Among the RhD-negative blood samples, 43 cases of type A, 41 cases of type B, 46 cases of type O, and 13 cases of type AB were RhD-negative, accounting for 30.07%, 28.67%, 32.17%, and 9.09%, respectively. There was no statistical difference in the detection rate of Rh-negative blood among different ABO blood groups in Huainan ( χ2 = 0.36, P = 0.948). The ABO blood group distribution of voluntary blood donors in Huainan in 2021 was not identical to those of voluntary blood donors in Guangzhou, Yueyang, Xinjiang Bozhou, Zhangzhou, and Liuzhou. The proportion of type A blood donors in Yueyang was higher than those in other regions. The proportions of type B blood donors in Huainan, Xinjiang Bozhou, and Zhangzhou were higher than those in other regions. The proportion of type O blood donors in Liuzhou was higher than those in other regions. The proportions of type AB blood donors in Huainan and Xinjiang Bozhou were higher than those in other regions. Conclusion:The distributions of ABO and RhD blood groups among voluntary blood donors in Huainan region have certain regional characteristics. Central blood banks and medical institutions should reasonably store and supply blood according to the blood collection from voluntary blood donations and the needs of clinical transfusion, to prevent the occurrence of situations such as blood expiration and waste.

Objective:To explore the application effect of learner-centered, simulation-based training in the clinical operation teaching of anesthesiology.Method:s A total of 20 junior students in anesthesiology from a university from 2016 to 2017 were included. In this study, the training of three simulation operations, namely endotracheal intubation, central venous puncture, and arterial catheterization was set up. The self-confidence, operational knowledge, and operational skills before and after the training were assessed through Likert-type questionnaires, multiple-choice tests, and procedural checklists, respectively. Data analyses were performed with the SPSS 16.0. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was applied to compare the self-confidence scores before and after training and the paired t-test was adopted to compare the knowledge and operation scores before and after training.Result:s The students' self-confidence, knowledge and operation scores of the three operations were significantly improved after training ( P<0.05), with the highest increase in the central venous puncture operation score [(7.55±2.40) vs. (15.55±1.84), P<0.01]. The teaching satisfaction survey showed that 95% of the students felt that the training course was conducive to the operation skills learning and were satisfied with the course of this training. Conclusion:The learner-centered, simulation-based training can help the clinical students master the operating skill points quickly and skillfully, and promote the individualized and standardized implementation of the clinical operation skills, thereby improving the clinical teaching effect.