AIM: To study and evaluate the changes of two main kinds of voltage-gated K+ currents in human atrial fibrillation (AF) and to discuss the role of these changes in the atrial electrical remodeling (AER) caused by AF. METHODS: Specimens of human atrial appendage were obtained from 36 RHD patients (18 with chronic AF and 18 without AF). Single atrial myocytes were acutely dissociated by tissue chunk enzymatic digestion. I_~to1 and I_~Kur in the two groups were measured respectively with the patch-clamp technique in a whole-cell configuration and the I-V curves were compared. RESULTS: I_~to1 and I_~Kur amplitudes in AF groups were significantly reduced and the current densities of both I_~to1 and I_~Kur in AF patients were lower than those in NAF patients. CONCLUSION: The reduction of I_~to1 and I_~Kur may be related to changes in atrial conduction, refractory period and may constitute two main parts of the major mechanisms in the AER of chronic AF. Whether exists a relation between changes of the above K+ currents and that of other ionic currents and the AF initiation and perpetuation deserves further investigation. [

Objective To compare the effects of two crushing methods on dissolution rate and decocting rate of water-soluble protein in Plastrum Testudinis.Methods The dissolution rate of water-soluble protein was compared in Plastrum Testudinis processed by the traditional crushing method(passing 100-eyes screen,fine powder)and ultra-fine crushing method(passing 300-eye screen,ultra-fine powder);besides,orthogonal design was applied to study the process technical condition of decocting rate in Plastrum Testudinis.Results Water-soluble protein in fine powder of Plastrum Testudinis was hardly detected while the dissolution rate of water-soluble protein in ultra-fine powder was 51.2 %in 20 minutes and up to 70.5 %at 2 hours.Three influencing factors of fineness,decocting frequencies and decocting time were measured with orthogonal test.The results of variance analysis showed that fineness significantly influenced the decocting rate(P .05).Conclusion The ultra-fine powder technique is propitious to the increase of dissolution rate and decocting rate of water-soluble protein in Plastrum Testudinis.

We investigated the common diseases in patients from village clinics and compared them to those of the general population in rural areas of Jiangsu Province.We found that the treatment rates of chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus were quite low.Village clinics should play a more active role in health record management,healthcare education,and management of chronic diseases for the farmers.

Objective To compare the efficacy of dual channel (intravenous channel and puncture needle channel) and single channel (puncture needle channel) of thrombin injection in reducing bleeding during low-dose CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy, identify the optimal method, and develop a protocol with improved safety and efficacy while minimizing radiation exposure to patients. Methods Patients who underwent CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy at Linyi Central Hospital between May 2024 and January 2025 were selected and divided into a dual channel group (observation group) and a single channel group (control group) according to the methods of thrombin injection. The baseline characteristics (sex, age, underlying lung disease, lesion diameter, distribution, proportion of solid lesions, enhancement degree, puncture depth and time, and benign or malignant) and the differences in CT images after lung puncture (bleeding, blood diffusion distance, and blood diffusion volume) were compared between the two groups of patients. Results There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics and bleeding incidence between the two groups of patients (P > 0.05). The diffusion distance and volume of blood in the dual channel group were significantly lower than those in the single channel group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The use of dual channel thrombin injection under low-dose CT guidance cannot reduce the incidence of bleeding in lung biopsy, but it can reduce the amount of bleeding, blood diffusion to surrounding lung tissues, and intraoperative radiation exposure to patients.