目的探讨喉癌患者全喉切除术后的康复护理效果。方法对13例行全喉切除术的喉癌患者进行术后语言康复训练、吞咽功能训练、气管造口护理、心理护理。结果患者的语言功能、吞咽功能、心理功能、造口护理能力均有明显改善。结论全喉切除术后的康复护理可明显提高患者的生存质量,值得引起重视。

Aim To investigate the anti-angiogenic effect of 12a, the mastoparan-like peptide from wasp ( Vespa magnifica ) venom. Methods The tube for-mation and proliferation of human umbilical vein endo-thelial cells ( HUVEC ) and chicken chorioallantoic membrane ( CAM) model were used to observe the an-ti-angiogenic effect of 12a in vitro and in vivo, respec-tively. Results In the CAM model, 0. 1 μg or 1 μg of 12 a could markedly inhibit angiogenesis induced by 0. 2 μg rh-bFGF with heavy loss of color, decreasing density and obscure frame of the vessels. The inhibi-tion rates of angiogenesis were 60 . 2 % for 0 . 1 μg and 90. 3 % for 1 μg, respectively. Accordingly, in HU-VEC culture experiment, the proliferation and angio-genesis of HUVEC treated by 1 mg·L-1 and 10 mg· L-1 of 12 a were decreased by 55. 4 %, 39. 3 % and 51. 6 %, 26. 7 %, respectively. Conclusion 12a has a significant anti-angiogenic effect in a concentra-tion-dependent manner.

Aim To study the difference of proteins expression of epithelial cells and stroma of breast canc-er patients.Methods Formalin-fixed paraffin-embed-ded tissue samples from invasive ductal carcionma pa-tients were stained by improved HE staining methods. And the neoplastic epithelium and stroma were micro-dissected using laser capture microdissection and ana-lysed by mass spectrometry.Results Total 43 1 differ-ent proteins were detected by mass spectrometry and there were respectively 384 and 298 different kinds of proteins identified in epithelial cells and stroma.A-mong them,25 1 proteins were commonly expressed in two samples,while the contents of 69 and 60 proteins in stroma were respectively higher or lower than the ones in epithelial cells.The expression level and local-ization of proteins identified in epithelial cells and stro-ma were associated with their roles in development and progression of tumor cells.Conclusions The differen-tial expression proteins between epithelial cells and stroma of invasive ductal carcionma patients may func-tion as biomarkers for breast cancer screenning,diag-nosis and prognosis.

Aim To investigate the gene sequences and pro-angiogenic activities of thymosin-β4 from skin of Nanorana yunnanensis. Methods Two cDNA se-quences of thymosin-β4 from Nanorana yunnanensis designated as pTβ4-1 and pTβ4-2 were obtained by PCR. The tube formation and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVEC ) and chick-en chorioallantoic membrane ( CAM) model were used to observe the pro-angiogenic effects of synthetic pep-tides according to the reduced amino acid sequences of pTβ4-1 and pTβ4-2 in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Results The cDNA sequences of Tβ4-1 and pTβ4-2 were composed of 662 bp and 673 bp, respectively, and their deduced amino acid sequences contained 44 residues which shared highly similarity with those from human , mouse , chicken , claw frog , zebra fish , turbot and Amolops loloensis. Furthermore, the mature amino acid sequences of pTβ4-1 and pTβ4-2 had highly con-served structural regions when compared with other thy-mosin-β4 previously reported. Synthetic peptides could significantly promote proliferation and tube formation of HUVEC and angiogenesis of CAM. Conclusion There are two thymosin-β4 peptides in skins of Nanorana yunnanensis which have pro-angiogenic ac-tivities.

The ability to feed on vertebrate blood has evolved many times in various arthropod clades. Consequently, saliva of blood-feeding arthropods has proven to be a rich source of antihemostatic molecules. A variety of platelet aggregation inhibitors antagonize platelet responses to wound-generated signals, including ADP, thrombin, and collagen. Anticoagulants disrupt elements of both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Vasodilators include nitrophorins (nitric oxide storage and transport heme proteins), a variety of peptides that mimic endogenous vasodilatory neuropeptides, and proteins that catabolize or sequester endogenous vasoconstrictors. Multiple salivary proteins may be directed against each component of hemostasis, resulting in both redundancy and in some cases cooperative interactions between antihemostatic proteins. The complexity and redundancy of saliva ensures an efficient blood meal for the arthropod, but it also provides a diverse array of novel antihemostatic molecules for the pharmacologist.

Objective To study the direct effect of parathyroid hormone(PTH) on osteoclasts (OCs) differentiation and bone resorption in vitro and to explore the relationship between PTH and expression of RANKL (ligand of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B)gene and OPG (osteoprotegerin) gene in osteoblasts (OBs) in order to provide some theoretic evidence for understanding the pathogenesis of high-transferred renal osteodyslrophy (ROD). Methods PTH was directly used to induce OCs differentiation from whole bone marrow of C3h mouse by using OCs formation assay and then inspected the bone resorption of these OCs in vitro by using pits assay. Multiple RT-PCR assay was used to examine the expression of RANKL-mRNA and OPG-mRNA in different PTH concentrations and different treating times by PTH. Results (1) PTH in vitro could induce OCs formation form whole bone marrow of wild-type C3h mice.In a certain concentration scope, as the concentration of PTH increased, the number of differentiated OCs and the degree of bone destruction of OCs increased. (2) Expression of RANKL-mRNA and OPG-mRNA was in dose-dependent and time-dependent manner within a certain range of concentration and time. Conclusion PTH in vitro mediates OCs differentiation and bone resorption probably through the up-regulated expression of RANKL-mRNA and OPG-mRNA.

Objective To study the prevalence and associated factors of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients.Methods A cross-section study was performed.A total of 639 eligible participants undergoing CAPD treatment more than three months in our peritoneal dialysis center from July 2011 to January 2012 were recruited in the study.All the patients were divided into SHPT group and non-SHPT group according to the intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level,and the associated factors of SHPT were investigated through Logistic regression analysis.Results The prevalence of SHPT was 46.95％ (300/639).Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that lower hemoglobin,hypocalcemia,hyperphosphatemia,higher alkaline phosphatase,higher Scr,higher nPCR and low calcium dialysate were independent influencing factors of SHPT.Conclusions The prevalence of SHPT is quite high in CAPD patients.Abnormal calcium-phosphorus metabolism,renal anemia,high protein diet and low calium dialysate may affect the SHPT.

Objective To explore the association of suprapatellar pouch effusion with knee pain and serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6,IL-17,IL-23 in patients with knee osteoarthritis measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods 204 patients with knee osteoarthritis were enrolled into the study.Suprapatellar pouch effusion was measured by OSIRIS in both grade (0-3) and maximum area (cm2).Serum IL-6,IL-17,IL-23 were measured.Knee pain was assessed by Western Ontario and McMasters osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) questionnaire and Lequesne index.Characteristics of patients were recorded and body mass index (BMI) was calculated.Student t test or Chi-square test was used to compare means or proportions.Multivariable linear regression or logistic regression was used to determine risk factors (α=0.05).Results ① In the 204 patients [mean age (55±8) years,86.3％ were females],the prevalence of physiologic effusion (≤ 1) was 47.9％ while moderate or larger (≥2) effusion was 52.1％.② The age,labour intensity,serum levels of uric acid (sUA) and Lequesne index of higher grade effusion group were higher (P＜0.05) compared with lower grade effusion group.③ Suprapatellar pouch effusion maximum area was positively correlated with age (r=0.208,P=0.006),BMI (r=0.171,P=0.027) and labour intensity (r=0.189,P=0.013).④ Adjusted for age,gender and BMI,the results of Logistic regression analysis showed that:suprapatellar pouch effusion grades were positively correlated with Lequesne index [OR=1.120,95％CI(1.011,1.241),P=0.029] and negatively correlated with IL-23 [OR=0.768,95％CI (0.598,0.986),P=0.038].Suprapatellar pouch effusion was not independently associated with WOMAC index,IL-6 and IL-17.Conclusion The prevalence of suprapatellar pouch pathological effusion is 52.1％ in knee osteoarthritis.Suprapatellar pouch effusions is positively correlated with knee pain (Lequesne index) and negatively conrelated with IL-23.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the feasibility of signal amplification method with cationic conjugated polymers(liposome) applied during the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using piezoelectric gene biosensors.(METHODS) Oligonucleotide probe for P.aeruginosa was immobilized on the surface of gene sensor array and(hybridized) by PCR production of P.aeruginosa.After hybridization,liposome was added.The frequency shifts were recorded and compared with those ones of the control groups.RESULTS The frequency shifts were(significantly) increasing when adding liposome and the compatible concentration of liposome was 0.8?g/?l.(CONCLUSIONS) Liposome signal amplification is proved to be an effective method to amplify the piezoelectric(signal).

To study whether the late-acting co-stimulatory molecules ICOS can suppress the apoptosis and sustain the survival and proliferation of T cells through the survivin pathway, ICOS signals deficient T-cells were infected with adenovirus carried survivin gene, other T-cells were given ICOS co-stimulatory signals, then infected with adenovirus carried dominant-negative mutant survivin gene. Apoptosis and proliferation were determined by TUNEL and CCK-8 respectively. The results show that engagement of ICOS signal increased the expression level of survivin significantly. Survivin can sustain co-stimulatory deficient T cells survival and suppress the apoptosis. Mutant survivin inhibits ICOS signal positive T cells survival and increase its apoptosis. Late-acting co-stimulatory molecules ICOS can suppress the apoptosis and sustain the survival of T cells through the survivin pathway.