Objective To observe the effect of moxibustion on Sanyinjiao, Hegu acupoint first active phase of labor contractions pain.Methods One hundred and sixty cases of primipara were divided into test group by single blind, randomized methods (the Sanyinjiao acupoint group, Sanyinjiao acupoint and hegu point group) and control group(non-acupuncturev points group and the blank group).Each group with 40 cases.The patients were exerted mxibustion therapy 30 min in the Sanyinjiao acupoint group and Sanyinjiao acupoint and hegu point group, respectively in the maternal appear regularity uterine contraction pain, after ostium of uterus opened 3 cm.The women of the non-acupuncturev points group were exerted moxibustion therapy in the wrist horizontal stripes of radial side radial pulse place to elbow horizontal stripes biceps tendon of the midpoint of the radial side of attachment 30 min.The blank group women didn' t conduct notcarry moxibustion intervention.On the first active stage of labor time and uterine contraction pain were compared.Results The active labor time of Sanyinjiao group, Sanyinjiao and Hegu group,non acupoint group and blank control group patients were (116.11 ±65.89) min, (81.93 ± 53.45) min, (123.03 ± 7.67) min, (138.69 ± 104.01) min respectively, there was significant difference among Sanyinjiao and Hegu group, non acupoint group and blank group (P＜ 0.05), while the difference between the non acupoint group and blank group without statistical significance (P＞0.05).The first time of production process of 4 groups were (313.22± 141.15) min, (379.50± 182.82) min, (393.00 ±196.50) min, (488.08±236.61) min respectively, there was significant difference among Sanyinjiao group,Sanyinjiao and Hegu group and blank group differences (P ＜ 0.05).Moxibustion therapy after stopping, 2 h degree of cervical dilation of 4 groups were (8.37±2.19) cm, (8.14±2.74) cm, (7.64±2.91) cm, (6.29 ±3.05) cm respectively;contractions lasting time were (0.56±0.16) min, (0.52±0.13) min, (0.:48±0.17) min, (0.41± 0.09) min respectively;uterine contraction interval (2.98± 1.45) min, (2.56± 1.02) min, (3.89 ±1.54) min, (3.41 ± 1.32) min respectively;contraction strength enhaucement efficiency were 60.0％ (24/40) ,75.0％ (30/40), 17.5％ (7/40), 10.0％ (4/40) respectively, there were significant differences among Sanyinjiao group,Sanyinjiao and Hegu group,the non acupoint group and blank control group in terms of above indexes (P ＜ 0.05), while difference between the non acupoint group and blank group without statistical significance(P＞0.05).After the withdrawal of the moxibustion treatment 2 h, the pain reduction in childbirth of 4 groups were 52.5 ％ (21/40), 47.5％ (19/40), 22.5％ (9/40), 20％ (8/40) respectively, the pain reduction in childbirth of Sanyinjiao group, Sanyinjiao and Hegu Point Group were higher than that of non acupoint group and blank group, the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05);while non acupoint group and blank group compared without statistically significant (P＞0.05).Conclusion The effect of Moxibustion at Sanyinjiao and Sanyinjiao compatibility Hegu Acupoint moxibustion on maternal production process and uterine contraction are significant, but combine with Acupoint Moxibustion can shorten the time of the active phase of labor, increase contraction of the uterus, promote the production process.

Objective To probe into the efficacy and safety of lowering the temperatures of enteral nutrition in severe craniocerebral injury patients to prevent stress ulcer,and provide reference for patients with severe craniocerebral injury to choose appropriate enteral nutrition temperature. Methods The clinical randomized controlled trial was adopted.Numbered the patients by the order of being hospitalized, then divided the 84 patients with severe craniocerebral injury who were receiving enteral nutrition into experimental group and control group with 42 cases each.The constant temperature in experimental group was 22 ℃, and that in control group was 38 ℃. Observed and compared regularly the pH levels, occult blood test of gastric juice and defecate of the two groups within 7 days. Results After different temperature enteral nutrition,pH value of gastric juice of patients at 1,4,7 days after enteral nutrition was 2.610.37,4.550.35,4.870.34 in experimental group,2.210.44,3.930.22,4.180.30 in control group,there was significant difference between two groups (t=3.856, 8.185, 8.322, all P<0.01). There was no significant difference between two groups in the positive rate of gastric occult blood test(x2=0.102,0.408, 1.332, all P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of diarrhea and diarrhea start time between two groups (x2=0.288, t=0.372, all P>0.05). Conclusions Lowering the temperature of enteral nutrition has a certain protective effect on the gastric mucosa of patients with severe craniocerebral injury,which is helpful to prevent the occurrence of stress ulcer,and does not increase the risk of diarrhea.

Objective To probe into the correlation between coronary heart disease patients′health literacy and quality of life, and to provide a theoretical basis for developing a comprehensive health education strategy. Methods This research was a cross-sectional descriptive study of 302 coronary heart disease inpatients in the Department of Cardiology of a three-grade, Grade-A general hospital in Nanchang city. Patients were surveyed by questionnaires, chronic health literacy scales and quality of life (SF-36) questionnaires. Results The total score of health literacy in patients with coronary heart disease was 62.49±10.56. The total score of quality of life was 100.03±15.09. There was a positive correlation between health literacy and quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease. Conclusions The health literacy of patients with coronary heart disease is at a low level, quality of life is at a medium level. Nursing staff must take corresponding measures and formulate health strategies to improve the patients′quality of life and to promote the recovery of patients′diseases.

Higher alcohols that contain more than two carbon atoms have better fuel properties than ethanol, making them important supplements and alternatives to fossil fuels. Using microbes to produce higher alcohols from renewable biomass can alleviate the current energy and environmental crises, and has become a major future direction for green biomanufacturing. Since natural microbes can only produce a few higher alcohols in small amounts, it is necessary to reconstruct the synthetic pathways for higher alcohols in model industrial strains through metabolic engineering and synthetic biology to overcome the metabolic bottlenecks. A series of milestones have been accomplished in past decades. The authors of this review have witnessed the entire journey of this field from its first success to the leaping development. On the 30th anniversary of the founding of the discipline of metabolic engineering, this review dates back to the great milestones in achieving heterologous production of higher alcohols in non-native strains. The design and optimization of high alcohol biosynthetic pathways, the expansion of feedstock, the engineering of host strains and the industrialization process are summarized. This review aims to draw further attention to microbial synthesis of higher alcohols, inspire the development of novel techniques and strategies of metabolic engineering, and promote the innovation and upgrade of China's biofuel industry.
Alcohols ; Biofuels ; Biosynthetic Pathways ; Ethanol ; Metabolic Engineering ; Synthetic Biology