Objective To investigate the immunomodulation of SCI in mice.Methods Effects of SCI on the immunity were studied by the observation of the index of lymphatic organ,the phagocytosis of the phagocytes and proliferation of splenocyte.Results SCI(4mg?kg~(-1)) could improve the index of thymus and proliferation of splenocyte.SCI(4,8,16mg?kg~(-1)) could also strengthen the phagocytosis of the phagocytes.But with the dose increased,a strend was observed of decreased phagocytosis of the phagocytes.Conclusion SCI could improve the index of thymus,strengthen the phagocytosis of the phagocytes and proliferation of splenocyte.The results indicates that SCI has the function of immunomodulation in mice.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Azithromycin combined with Xiaoer xiaoji zhike oral so-lution in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children. METHODS:Data of 120 children with mycoplasma pneumonia were retrospectively analyzed and divided into observation group (63 cases) and control group (57 cases) by different treatment meth-ods. All children received conventional treatment(reducing fever,relieving cough and resolving phlegm). Based on it,control group received Azithromycin 10 mg/kg,intravenous infusion,once a day,after continuous infusion of 3 d,it stopped 4 d. Observation group additionally received Xiaoer xiaoji zhike oral solution,10 ml for children younger than 5 years old,15 ml for children in 5 years old or over,3 times a day. 1-week was regarded as 1 treatment course,and it lasted for 2-3 courses. Clinical efficacy in 2 group was observed,recovery time of clinical signs,reduction of the number of inflammatory cells before and after treatment were compared,and the incidence of adverse reactions during treatment was recorded. RESULTS:After treatment,the total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,fever clearance time,disappearance time of cough,rales and pulmonary lesions were significantly shorter than control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Before treatment,there was no significant difference in the number of eosinophils and serum C reactive protein (CRP) level (P>0.05). After 1 week treat-ment,the number of eosinophils and CRP level in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and observation group was signifi-cantly lower than control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). And there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Azithromycin combined with Xiaoer xiaoji zhike oral solution shows good efficacy in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children,it can shorten the duration of clinical symptoms,improve the level of in-flammatory cells,and does not increase the incidence of adverse reactions.

Objective To evaluate the influence of sevoflurane anesthesia on the expression of growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) in hippocampal neurons of neonatal rats.Methods Thirty-six pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 7 weeks,weighing 15-20 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =9 each) using a random number table:control group (C group),1.5％ sevoflurane 6 h group (L group),3％ sevoflurane 2 h group (H1 group) and 3％ sevoflurane 6 h group (H2 group).Group L inhaled 1.5％ sevoflurane in oxygen for 6 h.H1 and H2 groups inhaled 3％ sevoflurane in oxygen for 2 and 6 h,respectively.Group C inhaled 30％ oxygcn only.When the neonatal rats were 14 days old,the rats underwent Morris water maze test for 7 consecutive days.Place navigation and spatial probe tests were carried out.After the end of Morris water maze test,the rats were sacrificed,and the hippocampus was obtained for determination of the expression of GAP-43 and NCAM in hippocampal neurons.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency was significantly prolonged,the time of staying at the original platform quadrant was shortened,and the expression of GAP-43 was down-regulated in L,H1 and H2 groups,and the frequency of crossing the original platform was decreased in L and H2 groups.There was no significant difference in NCAM expression among the four groups.Conclusion The mechanism by which sevoflurane anesthesia decreases the cognitive function may be related to down-regulated expression of GAP-43,but not related to NCAM expression in hippocampal neurons of neonatal rats.

Objective To explore the coping strategies of patients with superficial bladder carcinoma and analyze the influential factors.Method The medical coping modes questionnaire(MCMQ)was used to do the investigation among 146 patients with superficial bladder carcinoma.Results Among the coping strategies,the scores on the factors of facing,avoidance and yielding were 2.42±0.45,2.00±0.45 and 1.52±0.50,respectively.The operative method,education level,sex and stages of chemotherapy were the main factors influencing the coping strategies.Conclusions For the postoperative patients with superficial bladder carcinoma, the coping strategies were influenced by different factors.Therefore,nursing staff should attach their highlights on patients' coping strategies and instruct the patients with active coping strategies based on the their traits.

Sixty gynecological patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery during October 2010 to June 2011were randomly divided into 2 groups:laryngeal mask airway proseal ( PLMA group,n =30 ) and laryngeal mask airway classic (CLMA group,n =30).Laryngeal mask was inserted after induction.The heart rate (HR),mean arterial pressure (MAP),airway sealing pressure,the average time of placement,the pulmonary satisfaction and complications were recorded.There was no significant difference in heart rate and MAP between the two groups(P＞0.05).The airway sealing pressure [ (26 ±6) cm H2O ( 1cm H2O =0.098 kPa) vs.(16±5) cm H2O],the average time of placement [(36±5) vs.(24±6) s)] and the excellent lung ventilation(90％ vs.73％ ) in the PLMA group were more significantly increased than those in the CLMA group(P ＜0.05).PLMA can assure good airway sealing and is more suitable for gynecological patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.

Objective To observe the adipose-derived cytokine changes and aggravate cognitive impairment in olanzapine-induced obese rats caused by glucose metabolic disorder.Methods 20 rats fed with ordinary fodder were used as normal control group,olanzapine group of 20 rats fed with olanzapine(1.2 mg · kg-1) and ordinary fodder for 4 weeks.Successfully established experimental model rats induced by olanzapine after 4 weeks.Serum tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukins 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) contents were measured by Elisa.Serum glucose contents were determined by biochemical colorimetric method and blood lipid contents determined with automatic biochemical analyzer.Learning,memory capacity and escape latency were detected with Maze test.Results After administration 4 weeks,the levels of body weight,blood glucose and blood lipid in olanzapine group were higher than those in control group.The serum TNF-α((1.57±0.04) ng/ml),IL-6((127.47±11.38) pg/ml) and CRP ((2.68±0.06) mg/ml) in olanzapine group rised,compared with control group ((0.59±0.03) ng/ml,(96.58± 8.77) pg/ml and (1.86±0.04) mg/ml respectively),the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Electric shocks and escape latency in olanzapine group were higher than those in control group (P＜0.05).The FBS had positive correlation with hs-CRP,IL-6 and TNF-α respectively (r=0.385,0.260,1.280; all P＜0.05).Conclusion Olanzapine can induce metabolic disturbance of blood glucose,blood hpid,and the increase of serum TNF-α,IL-6 and CRP levels in rats.Positive correlation is showed between TNF-of and FBS.Hyperglycemia can promote cell toxicity and leads to cognitive dysfunction in rats.

Objective To evaluate the application values of two kinds of single-platform flow cytometric methods,the Volumetric method based on flow sensor and the Trucount method based on Trucount beads,in the counts of T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of patients after transplantation.Methods The absolute number and percentage of CD4 +,CD8 +,and CD3 + T cells in peripheral blood samples from 107 patients after liver or renal transplantation were determined by the Trucount method and the Volumetric method,respectively,and their results were compared using paired t-test and linear regression analysis.Five samples with low CD3 + counts were selected and the precisions of the absolute number of CD4 +,CD8 + and CD3 + T ceils detected by the Volumetric method were evaluated.Results There was no significant difference in the levels of CD4+,CD4+/CD3+,CD8+,CD8+/CD3+,and CD4+/CD8 + in peripheral blood between the Trucount method and the Volumetric method (P ＞ 0.05),and the linear regression coefficients between them were from 0.9 to 1.1.When the concentration of CD3 + was equal or more than 40/μL,the coefficients of variation (CVs) were below 5.5％ for the Volumetric method.When the concentration of CD3 + was 20/μL,the CVs of CD3 +,CD4 +,and CD8 + were 5.19％,10.28％ and 6.48％,respectively.Conclusion The single-platform method based on flow sensor is accurate and reproducible for counting T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood,which may be used to monitor the immune state of the patients after liver or renal transplantation.

Objective To investigate the feasibility, safety and efficiency of endovascular treatment for patients with aorto-bilateral-iliac artery total occlusive disease.Methods A total of 35 patients with aorto-bi-iliac artery total occlusive disease treated with endovascular therapy in Peking Union Medical College Hospital and the First Hospital of Shijiazhuang between Jan 2012 and Dec 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were 33 males and 2 females, mean age (67 ± 6) years treated during the study period.Technical success rate was 100％.129 bare stents and 4 covered stents were implanted.There were no peri-operative death.Postoperative leg ankle brachial index (ABI) improved significantly (0.86 vs.0.28, P ＜ 0.28).Postoperative complications occurred in 2 patients (5.7％), including brachial artery thrombosis and rupture of external iliac artery post-dilation.The mean follow-up period was 16.5 months (2-28 months).Two patients (5.7％) were lost to follow up.Re-intervention was performed in 3 patients (8.6％) due to reocclusion of the stents.Primary patency was 91％ (30/33) Conclusions Endovascular treatment is effective for aorto-bi-iliac artery total occlusive disease with low complications and acceptable mid-term patent rate.

Objective To investigate the effects of sevoflurane anesthesia on learning and memory functions and S100β protein in anaplasis in the 7-day-old rat.Methods 48 SD rats of both sexes aged 7-day-old weighing 1 2-1 6 g were randomly divided into 3 groups (1 6 rats in each group):group A and group B inhaled 3 ％ sevoflurane in oxygen(1L/min) for 6h and 2h respectively; group C inhaled oxygen(1L/min) only.After inhalation,the effects of sevoflurane anesthesia on learning and memory function were assessed by Morris water-maze test and Y-maze test from 16d to 24d.The rats were killed in the day of 8d and 25d respectively,and the blood were collected for the expression of serum concentration S100β protein by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results (1) Results of Morris water-maze test:Compared with group C,escape latency prolonged in group A and group B in 17-20d(P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01) ;escape latency prolonged in group A compared with group B in 19-20d(P ＜ 0.01) ;but there were no significant differences in the probe time in original platform quadrant and the frequency of crossing original platform among three groups(P ＞0.05).(2) Result of Y-maze test:In 22d,the total reaction time of group A and B were longer than group C (P ＜0.05 or 0.01),and the error number was increased in group A and B compared with group C(P ＜ 0.01) ; while in 23-24d,there were no significant differences between every index of each groups (P ＞ 0.05).(3) Results of the blood serum index:In 8d,serum concentration of S100β protein was significantly increased in group A and B compared with group C (P ＜0.01),and serum concentration of S100β protein was significantly increased in group A compared with group B (P ＜ 0.05) ; But there were no significant differences in serum concentration of S100β protein of each groups in 25d(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane anesthesia in the 7-day-old rat can temporarily decrease the ability of learning and memory functions in the length of inhalation time dependent manner,and the mechanism may be related to the increased expression of serum concentration of S100β protein transiently.

[Abstact] Purpose To investigate the value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of diffusion weighted imaging (DW1) in the evaluation of the efficacy of treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI).Materials and Methods Nineteen patients with advanced NSCLC who treated with TKIs from May 2014 to December 2015 were recruited prospectively.All patients underwent CT and MRI scans three times before targeted therapy,after 1 week and 4 weeks of treatment.The tumor maximal diameter and mean ADC value at different time points were compared.The correlations between mean ADC value and tumor maximal diameter and maximum diameter change rate at different time points were analyzed.Bland-Altman analysis was performed to confirm the reproducibility of measurements.Results The ADC value after 1 week of treatment was significantly increased compared with that before treatment (t=-6.329,P＜0.05),but the change of tumor maximal diameter was not significant (P＞0.05).The ADC value was significantly increased after 4 weeks of treatment compared with that before treatment (t=-4.878,P＜0.05),and the change of tumor maximal diameter was also significant (t=7.054,P＜0.05).The negative correlation was detected between the ADC before treatment and the maximal diameter change ratio after 4 weeks of treatment (r2=-0.474,P＜0.05).In the group of responders,there was significant difference between the ADC value before treatment and 1 week after treatment (P＜0.05).There was significant difference in ADC value between the groups of responders and non-responders after 4 weeks of treatment (P＜0.05).The Bland-Altman analysis showed good reproducibility among the operators.Conclusion The ADC value after 1 week of targeted therapy is more sensitive to the change of tumor than the maximal diameter,and the ADC value before treatment has a certain value in predicting the maximum diameters of the target after 4 weeks of targeted therapy with repeatability.