Total 7594 elderly subjects from three urban districts in Beijing were enrolled in the study with randomized cluster sampling design. Physical examination and fasting plasma glucose test were undertaken for all participants.Based on the diagnosis criteria from The Guidelines of Dyslipidemia Control for Chinese Adults in 2007,the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) was 26.57％ (2018/7594) and the prevalence of central obesity was 42.04％ ( 3193/7594 ).Using waist circumference ( WC ) as independent variable and MS prevalence as dependant variable,we developed a “Central obesity-Metabolic Syndrome”multiple regression model.The results showed that among those having WC higher than cutoff point,with each 3.3 cm reduction of WC,the prevalence of MS decreased by 4.5％.Therefore,central obesity can be used an important clinical target of MS for both prevention and treatment purposes.

Objective To learn current status of elderly depressive disorders in Yuetan community residents to provide evidence for policy making.MethodsCluster sampling method was used to enroll 352 elderly individuals from Yuetan Community for Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS)and self-designed questionnaire.Results The morbidity of elderly depressive disorder was 23.86%(84/352).The awareness rate of risk factor of elderly depressive disorder Was 4.83%to 42.90%.Conclusion The morbidity of elderly depressive disorder of Yuetan Community is higher,and related healthcare education should be strengthened.

We reported 261 cases of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) definitely diagnosed in our hospital from 1992 to 1997.Thirty eight cases of them were found pericardial effusion.This indicated that the pericardial effusions in AMI incidence rate was 14.5%.It related to the Q wave infarction and heart failure.The percardial effusion was common and benign.I was complication in the AMI.

Objective To survey the awareness of hyperuricemia in patients and medical personnel in Yuetan community.Methods By using random sampling method, 492 patients with hyperuricemia and 84 medical personnel in Yuetan community were selected for questionnaire survey.Results The rate of awareness of hyperuricemia in patients was 33.2%(1 472/4 428), and 95.5%(470/492)of them had the requirement of health education on hyperuricemia.The awareness rate of hyperuricemia in medical personnel was 73.0%(736/1 008), and 46.4%(39/84) of them thought health education on hyperuricemia as important or very important.Conclusion The awareness of hyperuricemia is insufficient in patients and medical personnel.Health education should be reinforced for community management on hyperuricemia.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of community management of asymptomatic hyperuricemic patients.Methods Two hundred and six patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia in Yuetan community of Beijing were randomly and equally divided into study group and control group.Patients in study group received 12-month standardized management, while those in control group were given conventional management.After 12 months of intervention, the clinical data and related information were analyzed and the effect of intervention was evaluated by questionnaire survey.Results After 12-month intervention, the rates of unhealthy lifestyle in intervention group were significantly lower, and the exercise time was significantly more than those in control group [drinking:frequently 8.7%(9/103)vs.11.7%(12/103),seldom 83.5% (86/103) vs.68.9% (71/103),χ2=7.005, P=0.030;eating animal offal: seldom 88.4%(91/103) vs.76.7%(79/103),frequently 1.9%(2/103) vs.8.7%(9/103),χ2=6.302, P=0.043;eating seafood: seldom 74.8%(77/103) vs.52.4%(54/103),frequently 4.8%(5/103) vs.16.5%(17/103),χ2=12.867, P=0.002;eating thickened gravy: seldom 78.6%(81/103)vs.53.4%(55/103),frequently 2.9%(3/103) vs.13.6%(14/103),χ2=16.334, P=0.000;exercise time: seldom 17.5%(18/103)vs.24.3%(25/103),1-3 h 26.2%(27/103) vs.38.8%(40/103),4-6 h 32.0% (33/103) vs.20.4%(21/103), ≥7 h 24.3%(25/103) vs.16.5%(17/103),χ2=7.852, P=0.049].The blood uric [(403±54) vs.(474±71) μmol/L], cholesterol [(4.6±0.8) vs.(4.9±1.0)mmol/L], triglyceride[(1.65± 0.54) vs.(1.86±0.86) mmol/L] and systolic pressure [(128±10) vs.(131±14) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)] in intervention group significantly lower than those in control group (t=7.984,P=0.000;t=2.803,P=0.006;t=2.130,P=0.034;t=2.059,P=0.041).The awareness rate of hyperuricemia-related knowledge in intervention group was significantly higher than that in control group [85.1% (964/1 133) vs.45.5%(516/1 133), χ2=390.959,P=0.000].Conclusion Standardized community management is effective for patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia.

To survey the current awareness of risk factors for osteoporosis in community health staff in Beijing.A total of 200 medical staff including general practitioners,community nurses and public health doctors from 4 Community Health Service Centers in Beijing were examined by purposeful sampling.Then their knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors was gauged by a questionnaire.The community health staff lacked a sufficient knowledge of osteoporotic risk factors.And the most knowledgeable factor was advanced age of which 41.5％ community health staff knew.The community health staff has an insufficient knowledge of osteoporosis so that its proper training should be strengthened.

China launched the nationwide resident standardized training (residential training) project since 2013 and has trained a large number of general practitioners. The primary health care institutions and general practitioners have played an important role during the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic, which not only presented the remarkable effect of residential training project, but provided new ideas for the further training program of general practitioners. It is proposed in this paper that we should adjust the training and assessment priorities in the following aspects: highlight the characteristics of general practice in the future training, so as to train general practitioners with more comprehensive ability, such as strengthening the ability to deal with public health emergencies, strengthening the consciousness and capability of scientific research, and increasing the proportion of humanistic quality training; At the same time, we should enhance career attractiveness of general practitioners to keep the excellent general residents stay for their career;All mentioned above will further improve the overall quality of general practitioners, and enable them to better deal with public health emergencies.

Objective To explore effective ways for community health service institutions to change patients' health service seeking patterns. Methods Yuetan Community Health Service Center of Fuxing Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University and 9 community health service stations under its subordination in the 1996～2002 period were selected as a representative of the community health service institutions to be studied and intervened while the headquarters of Fuxing Hospital in the same period was selected as a representative of the third-tier hospitals to be studied. A comparison was made between the two in outpatient volume change. Questionnaires were distributed randomly to residents of the Yuetan area where Fuxing Hospital is located in order to study their health service seeking behaviors each year from 1996 to 2002. Results As a result of hard work in the 6 years, Yuetan Community Health Service Center saw a steady increase in outpatient volume whereas the headquarters of Fuxing Hospital witnessed a steady decrease in outpatient volume. Survey via questionnaires sent randomly to permanent residents of the Yuetan area indicated a change in residents' health service seeking patterns. Conclusion It is effective and viable for community health service institutions to change patients' health service seeking patterns through providing social-psychological-biological community medical services, enhancing health education and setting up a two-way referral system with third-tier hospitals.

Objective To explore the effect of situational health education on self-efficacy of primipara in breast-feeding and child rearing. Methods One hundred and eighty-five pregnant women taking prenatal examinations in our hospital from September 2012 to August 2013 were selected into control group and they received traditional education. Another one hundred and ninety-two pregnant women taking the same prenatal examinations in our hospital from Sep 2013 to Aug 2014 were selected into experiment group and the antenatal situational health education was applied . The self-efficacy in breast-feeding and child rearing of the two groups before and after discharged from hospital (6 weeks after delivery) were compared. Result The self-efficacy in breast-feeding and child rearing of the experiment group were significantly better than those of the control group and before discharged from hospital (P<0.05). Conclusion The situational health education is important for increasing self-efficacy in breast-feeding and child rearing and is beneficial for the growth and development of the neonates.

Objective To investigate the knowledge of chronic heart failure (CHF) and influencing factors in general practitioners (GP) in Beijing.Methods A self-designed questionnaire contained total 28 items,including basic knowledge of CHF,non-drug management,drug management and other management ; clinical cases were used to test clinical ability in 7 items.The questionnaire survey was conducted among GPs who participated in continuing education courses from 16 counties/districts in Beijing during January to June 2013.Results Total 720 questionnaires were distributed and 657 valid questionnaires were returned with a recovery rate of 91.3％.Total scores was 60.6.Scores of basic knowledge,non-drug management,drug management and other management was 63.1,76.9,44.0 and 56.9,respectively.There were statistical differences in scores of basic knowledge,non-drug management,drug management and other management between GPs with different diploma (F value:36.8,5.8,21.6,12.2,respectively; P ＜0.01) ; there were significant differences in scores of basic knowledge and drug management among GPs with different working years (F value:15.1 and 17.4,respectively ; P ＜ 0.01) ; there was significant difference in scores of drug management among GPs with different professional title (F =7.69,P ＜ 0.01).Only for GPs with junior college diploma,the scores of basic knowledge and drug management in GPs with working ≥20 y were higher than those working ＜ 20 y(P ＜ 0.01).The accuracy of clinical ability in GPs with junior college diploma,undergraduate diploma and post-undergraduate diploma was 39.6％,41.6％,41.8％ (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The knowledge of CHF is less desirable in GPs of Beijing,so that measures should be taken to improve the GP's knowledge of CHF.