Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a kind of non-specific intestinal inflammatory disease. The immune imbalance of intestinal mucosa is the main cause of IBD. Regulatory T cells(Treg cells)are important immune-regulatory cells,and helper T cells 17(Th17 cells)participate in host immune defense. The balance between Treg cells and Th17 cells is an important factor to maintain intestinal immune homeostasis. This article reviewed the roles of Treg cells and Th17 cells in the treatment of IBD.

Objective To study the correlation between the sonographic features of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) and high volume lymph node metastasis. Methods Medical records of 463 PTMC patients were reviewed. Cases of all patients are completed with lymph node metastasis identified by histopathology. Sonographic features such as lesion number, lesion size, echogenicity, calcification, envelope and vascularity of papillary microcarcinoma are recorded. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to investigating relationship between sonographic features and high volume lymph node metastasis. Results Twenty four patients have high volume central lymph node metastasis (5.2%, 24/463), in univariate analysis,sex(11.2% in male vs 3.4% in female),age(8.3% in<45 years vs 2.4% in≥45 years),calcification(8.3% in micro vs 0.0% in coarse, 3.2% in mixed and 0.7% in non) , extracapsular invasion (9.3% with vs 3.2% without)and size(9.2% in ≥7 mm vs 2.5% in <7 mm)showed significant difference;multiple logistic regression analysis showed that male(OR=3.205,P=0.009),age<45 years(OR=2.923,P=0.031), microcalcification(OR=9.380,P=0.031)and tumor size≥7mm(OR=3.272,P=0.013)is independent risk factor for high volume lymph node metastasis in the central compartment of PTMC. 10 patients have high volume lateral lymph node metastasis(2.2%,10/463),in univariate analysis,age(4.1% in<45 years vs 0.4% in≥45 years),number of lesions(5.3% in multiple vs 0.9% in single)showed significant difference;multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age < 45 years (OR=11.939,P=0.024) and multiple lesion (OR=7.247, P=0.007) is independent risk factor for high volume lymph node metastasis in the lateral compartment of PTMC. Conclusion Sonographic features of primary papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid has correlation with high volume lymph node metastasis.

Objective To establish interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3(Ifitm3)knockout mice and to explore the effects of Ifitm3 on the proliferation and differentiation of adult neural stem cells of mice(aNSCs).Methods IFITM3 knockout mice were established by the CRISPR/Cas9 method and identified by genotype identification and Western Blot.The differences between Ifitm3-knockout mice and wild-type mice were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and flow cytometry.The aNSCs of wild-type mice and Ifitm3-knockout mice were isolated and cultured,the number and size of neurospheres were detected,The ability of aNSCs to proliferate and differentiate were detected by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction,Western Blot,and immunofluorescence.Results Ifitm3-knockout mice were successfully established.The mice developed normally,and there were no obvious abnormalities either histopathologically or the immune system.In vitro experiments showed that Ifitm3 knockout inhibited the self-renewal potential of aNSCs,led to a decrease in the proliferation ability of aNSCs,and inhibited the differentiation of aNSCs into immature neurons and astrocytes.Conclusions This study finds that a lack of IFITM3 result in the ability of aNSCs to proliferate and differentiate decreased,IFITM3 may regulate the function of aNSCs.