Objective: To develop the Chinese primipara social capital scale (C-PSCS), and to evaluate its validity and reliability. Methods: The items of C-PSCS were developed based on Social Capital Scale by the World Bank and Social Network Scale. This scale was modified according to the characteristics of primiparas. We selected 10 experts who specialized in related field, and two rounds of seminars about content, cultural compatibility, primiparas' characteristics, and practicability. The finally C-PSCS included four dimensions: social trust, social reciprocity, social network, and social participation. Using purposive sampling to select 1 100 primiparas in their third trimesters (gestational weeks from 30 to 36 weeks). The validity analyses included content validity, construct validity and discriminant validity. The reliability analyses included Cronbach' α coefficient, and split-half reliability. Results: 1 035 questionnaires (94.09%) were qualified and the completion time was (13.23 ± 2.53) minutes. The total score of scale was 195.38 ± 45.98, and scores for social trust, social reciprocity, social network, and social participation were 30.26 ± 4.25, 22.84 ± 4.21, 34.23 ± 7.47, and 108.05 ± 41.96, respectively. The common factor cumulative variance contribution rates of each dimension were from 52.92% to 69.37%, which achieved more than 50% of the approved standard, and all the items held factor loading >0.5 in its relevant common factor, it had good construct validity. The scale had a good content validity, the r values between each dimensions and total scale were range from 0.57 to 0.81, P<0.01. For the high-score group, scores for social trust, social reciprocity, social network, and social participation dimensions were 32.89±3.19, 25.65±3.48, 38.27±6.59, 119.94±36.61, respectively, which were higher than low-score group (27.77±3.58, 20.18±2.91, 30.40±6.13, 96.76 ± 43.60), t-values were -24.23, -27.46, -19.90, and -9.24, respectively, P<0.001. It had good discriminant validity. The Cronbach'α coefficient for the total scale and four dimensions were from 0.76 to 0.86, and whose split-half reliability were from 0.68 to 0.84. Conclusion The validity and reliability of C-PSCS were excellent, and could be used to evaluate the social capital situation on the Chinese primiparas.

Objective:To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Personal and Social Performance scale (PSP-CHN) in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:Totally 165 out-patients and in-patients meeting the DSM-IV-TR criteria for schizophrenia were entered in the study.Ten of subjects was included the intra-rater reliability training.The Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) was regarded as the' gold standard' to investigate the validity of PSP-CHN,and the Positive and Negative Rating Scale was used to assess the severity of disease to explore the correlative validity,in the other 155 subjects.Five to seven days after the first PSP-CHN interview,the second PSP-CHN was evaluated by another investigator to assess the test-retest reliability among 66 subjects.Twenty-seven subjects with the score of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) more than 60 were followed up for 8 weeks of standardized pharmacotherapy.By the end of 8 week of treatment,the PANSS and PSP-CHN were assessed again to explore the sensitivity of PSP-CHN.Results:The internal consistency (Cronbach α=0.84) and the inter-rater reliability (κ value=0.56,ICC=0.94 for PSP-CHN total score) were good.The test-retest reliability was high [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.95].The scale showed good construct validity with statistically significant correlations with the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) (ICC of 0.95).The PSP-CHN score had a good negative correlation with the PANSS total score(r=-0.79,-0.57,-0.63 and -0.71,respectively,P<0.01).After 8 week treatment,PSP-CHN total score was increased with the improvement of PANSS,and the responder showed higher increasing of PSP-CHN total score (21.2) than those partial responder(10.2),significantly.Conclusion:The Chinese version of the PSP-CHN is a convenient and valid instrument to assess the personal and social functions of stabilized and acute patients with schizophrenia.

Objective: To investigate the situation of social support (SS), and explore its relationship with antenatal depression (AD) among Zhejiang primiparas in their third trimesters. Methods: From March to August 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted and the questionnaire was used at the outpatient consulting room of one maternity hospital in Hangzhou. Inclusion criteria includes the primiparas over 18 years old, gestation from 30 to 36 weeks, been able to understand and complete the questionnaires independently, no family history and history of mental disorders and no use of psychotropic drugs, without serious illness and so on. Exclusion criteria was that the primiparas were unable to complete all the contents of the questionnaire and of poor compliance. 1 150 questionnaires were actually given out, and 1 075 questionnaires were valid, so the valid rate was 93.48%. AD was evaluated by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and SS was evaluated by the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS). SS between the non-AD group and the AD group was compared. The correlation between SS and AD was analyzed. Binary logistic regression model was used to assess the relationship between SS and AD. The level of SS was divided by average scores, groups lower than the average score was defined as the low-score group, groups higher than the average score was defined as the high-score group. Results: The prevalence of AD (score≥9) was 27.3% (293/1 075) among Zhejiang primiparas in their third trimesters. The scores of family support, friend support and other support, and the total score of SS among the non-AD group were 24.80±2.83, 23.40±3.00, 21.91±3.54 and 70.11±7.92, respectively, which were higher than those in the AD group (22.71±3.88, 21.45±3.59, 19.95±3.97, 64.10±10.01), (t values were 8.43, 8.29, 7.83 and 9.25, respectively, P<0.001 for all). The scores of family support, friend support and other support, and the total score of SS were negatively correlated with AD (rs values were-0.26,-0.25,-0.22 and-0.28, respectively, P<0.001 for all). Compared with low-score group, the scores of family support, friend support and other support, and the total score of SS among the high-score group had a lower risk of antenata depression among primiparas in their third trimesters, OR(95%CI) values were 0.56 (0.41-0.77), 0.66(0.47-0.92), 0.57(0.41-0.79) and 0.36(0.27-0.48), respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of AD among Zhejiang primiparas was relatively high, and AD was negatively associated with SS level. We suggest adding SS in community pregnancy health management service in the future.

Colon cancer is a common malignant tumor in the world, however, its pathogenesis still needs further research. FEZF1- AS1 is highly expressed in colon cancer and other malignant tumors, and is associated with clinicopathological features and prognosis of colon cancer patients. In addition, FEZF1- AS1 promotes the proliferation, invasion and migration of colon cancer cells, regulates the cell cycle and inhibits apoptosis through various mechanisms, suggesting that FEZF1- AS1 may be a new important molecular biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for colon cancer. This article reviews the advances in the study of function and mechanism of FEZF1- AS1 in colon cancer.

GABARAP, a microtuble-associated protein, is identified to interact with GABAA receptor. Anchoring of the GABAA receptor to GABARAP helps to cluster the receptor at the synaptic termini and to mediate fast synaptic transmission. GABARAP may mediate interaction of gephyrin with the GABAA receptor to stabilize clusters by forming multimeric structures. Furthermore, GABARAP and gephyrin may play more of a role in receptor sorting and transport to the cell surface than in anchoring to the cytoplasm, because at inhibitory synapses GABARAP appears to associate with transport vesicles rather than the cell surface. The association of GABARAP with NSF (N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor), a protein involved in intracellular vesicle transport, supports this hypothesis. We cloned cDNA encoding full-length human GABARAP by nested PCR and inserted it into eukaryon expression vector pcDNA6HA and GST fusion protein expression vector pGEX4T2. The recombinant plasmid pGEX4T2-hGABARAP was transformed into E. coli BL21, from which GST-hGABARAP fusion protein was purified after IPTG induction by affinity chromatography with glutathione Sepharose-4B column. The antiserum against GABARAP was generated by immunizing rabbits with the purified GST-hGABARAP and was purified with GST-hGABARAP coupled NHS-activated Sepherose 4 column. The purified polyclonal antibody was effective for Western blotting and immunostaining. The hGABARAP was located both in the cytoplasm and nucleus with an abundant distribution around the peripheral nucleus.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Animals ; Antibodies ; blood ; immunology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glutathione Transferase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; Immunization ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To evaluate the significance of kidney depth obtained by computed tomography (CT) in measuring glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by Gates method in living kidney transplant donors.Methods Individual kidney depth was compared among the estimates of Tφnnesen,Taylor and Li Qian formulas and CT measurements in 167 living-related kidney transplant donors respectively.While maintaining the active region of interest of kidney and background unchanged in 137 99mTe-DTPA renal dynamic imaging cases,GFR was measured by Gates' method and individual kidney compared among the estimates of Tφnnesen,Taylor and Li Qian formulas and CT measurements.Results Left/right kidney depth obtained by CT,Tφnnesen,Taylor and Li Qian formula was 6.82 ± 0.96/7.02 ± 1.00,5.67 ± 0.58/5.71 ± 0.59,6.43 ± 0.77/6.81 ± 0.72 and 7.03 ± 0.76/7.06 ± 0.70 cm;GFR 45.44 ± 9.04/46.61 ± 9.06,37.54 ± 6.34/37.37 ± 6.02,43.39 ± 7.59/44.62 ± 6.94 and 46.99 ± 8.04/46.70 ± 7.30 ml/min respectively.Individual kidney depth and GFR calculated by Taylor and Li Qian were higher than those of Tφnnesen formula (P＜0.01).Individual kidney depth and GFR calculated by CT were higher than those of Tφnnesen and Taylor formulas (P＜0.01).Left kidney depth and GFR calculated by Li Qian formula were higher than those of CT measurements (P＜0.01).And no significant difference existed in right kidney(P＞0.05).Conclusions Kidney depth measured by CT improves the accuracy of kidney depth estimated by Gates method and optimizes GFR in living donors for renal transplant.

Objective: To explore the related factors of myopia among children and adolescents in Yunnan Province, and to predict and evaluate the influencing factors, so as to provide a scientific theoretical basis for the prevention and control of myopia. Methods: From March 9 to 14, 2023, 848 students from 6 primary and secondary schools in Dali and Lijiang of Yunnan Province were selected by multi stage stratified random cluster sampling method for visual acuity detection and questionnaire survey on myopia related factors. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to establish a Nomogram prediction model for the selected influencing factors. Results: The overall myopia rate of the respondents was 68.3%, the myopia rate of boys (63.4%) was lower than that of girls (72.9%), and the myopia rate of primary school students (46.7%) was lower than that of junior high school students (81.1%), and the difference was statistically significant（ χ 2=8.71, 108.07, P <0.05). Daily eye exercises, activities outside the teaching building during recess, having daily sleep time of 7-9 and >9 h, having both parents without myopia were negatively correlated with the occurrence of myopia in children and adolescents in Yunnan Province ( OR=0.64, 0.63, 0.56, 0.28, 0.48, P < 0.05 ). The reading and writing time after school ≥3 h per day and parents unrestricted time to play video games were positively correlated with myopia ( OR=1.94, 1.78, P <0.05). Based on the influencing factors, a Nomogram prediction model was established to quantitatively evaluate the risk of myopia. The results showed that greater risk for myopia was associated with sleep duration, parental history of myopia, and the time spent reading and writing after school every day. Conclusion Both genetic factors and environmental factors are related to myopia in children and adolescents. The prediction model of nomogram is beneficial for screening high risk factors of myopia and taking corresponding prevention and treatment measures.

Objective To assess ocular biometric parameters among primary and secondary school students from Naxi,Bai and Han ethnic groups in Yunnan Province.Methods The school-based study was conducted in October 2020.A total of 724 second-,third-and seventh-graders were selected from Dali and Lijiang,where Bai and Naxi ethnic groups inhabit,using a stratified cluster sampling method to receive questionnaire surveys and eye examinations.Non-cycloplegic spherical equivalent(SE),axial length(AL),anterior chamber depth(ACD),corneal radius of curvature(CR),central corneal thickness(CCT),white-to-white(WTW)distance,and the AL/CR ratio were measured.Covariance analysis was used to examine the differences in SE and ocular biometric parameters in terms of ethnicity,sex and grade,while Pearson correlation was used to test the associations among the said indicators.Results There were no significant differences in daily outdoor time,screen time and sleep time among the three ethnic groups regardless of grades(all P＞0.05).The mean CCT of Naxi students was lower than that of Han and Bai students[grade 2 and grade 3:(542.48±39.76)μm vs.(553.81±31.83)μm and(559.27±32.79)μm;grade7:(538.86±34.91)μm vs.(547.41±33.55)μm and(548.26± 32.98)μm,all P＜0.05],while no significant differences were found in the other ocular biometric parameters among the three ethnic groups(all P＞0.05).Among the seventh-graders,the SE,AL and AL/CR ratio of Naxi students were signifi-cantly different from those of Han and Bai students(all P＜0.05).The AL,CR,ACD,CCT,WTW distance,and mean SE were lower in girls than in boys(all P＜0.05).Compared with grade 2 and grade 3,students of grade 7 had longer AL,deeper ACD and thinner CCT(all P＜0.05),while no significant differences were found in CR and WTW distance(all P＞0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the AL/CR ratio was highly correlated with SE(r=-0.78,P＜0.05).Conclu-sion Multiethnic primary and secondary school students may face similar environmental risks.Yet,disparities in ocular biometric parameters caused by ethnicity,sex and age should be noted.

Objective:To study the effects of cathepsin K(CTSK)on the healing process of tooth extraction socket and type H blood vessel angiogenesis in mice.Methods:Ctsk knockout(Ctsk-/-)mice were generated by CRISPR/Cas9 technology,and genotype sequen-cing,general observation,Micro-CT and immunohistochemistry were performed to confirm successful knockout of Ctsk.Then 8 week-old WT and Ctsk-/-mice were used to establish the tooth extraction modle by extracting the left maxillary first molars,and the mice were sac-rificed at the day 7,10,14,21,28 and 35 respectively(n=3)after tooth extraction.Then samples were subjected to stereo microscope and Micro-CT examination.Immunofluorescence staining was used to study the effect of Ctsk knockout on type H blood vessel angiogene-sis.Results:Ctsk knockout did not affect the soft tissue healing of tooth extraction socket,but significantly promoted the bone healing process,and Ctsk deficency significantly enhanced type H blood vessel angiogenesis in the tooth extraction socket.Conclusion:Ctsk knockout can enhance type H vessel angiogenesis,and promote bone healing process of tooth extraction socket in mice.

With the development of global economy, the dramatically increased production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics has led to a remarkably increased amount of plastic waste. PET waste can be treated by landfill, incineration, or biodegradation. While landfilling and incineration may cause secondary pollution, biodegradation has since received increased attentions due to its environmental friendliness. Recent studies have indicated that the carbohydrate binding module (CBM) can effectively enhance the binding of PET degrading enzymes to PET, and consequently increasing PET degradation rate. Here we constructed a fusion protein BaCBM2-Tfuc containing the BaCBM2 from Bacillus anthraci and the cutinase Tfuc from Thermobifida fusca, by megaprimer PCR of whole plasmids (MEGAWHOP). Notabaly, the PET film degradation efficiency (at 60 ℃) of BaCBM2-Tfuc was 2.8 times that of Tfuc. This study may provide technical support for constructing fusion proteins capable of efficiently degrading PET.
Carbohydrates ; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases ; Polyethylene Terephthalates ; Thermobifida