Objective To investigate the types of ultrasonographic appearance of post-hepatectomy in operative position. Methods The data about operative manner,operative position, type of plugger in residul cavitity of 176 cases who underwent hepatic operation,were collected. Their ultrasonographic findings of post-operative liver in operative position in different phrases after operation were analyzed retrospectively. Results The main appearance was: ① Absence of partial hepatic lobe or hepatic segment; ② anechoic area with thin wall or mixed mass in operative position; ③ conformation of irregular high-echo conglomeration in operative position, irregular wall thickeness and inhomogenous internal echoes appeared in anechoic area and mixed mass in operative position, color Doppler twinking artifact appeared around some plugger and residual cavity which made by curettage and aspiration technique with time passing by. Conclusions Ultrasonographic appearance of post-hepatectomy in operative position varies with different operative manner, operative position, resected area, and Absence or existence of plugger in residual cavity, different type of plugger in residual cavity.

Objective To evaluate the value of high frequency color Doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of malignant tumor in the parotid gland.Methods High frequency ultrasound was used to observe shape and internal echo texture of tumor,color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) was added to observe blood flow signal,peak systolic velocity(PSV) and resistance index(RI) were measured by pulsed wave Doppler, and lymphonodus around parotid gland were examined.Results The features of ultrasonography included round,lobulated and irregular shape.Three types of boundary were clear but not smooth,unclear,irregular and invasive.Internal echo texture included low and irregualr echo,cystic echo,spot like and intensive echo,honey comb like echo.CDFI showed spet like,stick like blood flow signal.PSV and RI were 4.6 17.5 cm/s,and 0.69 1.14 .Eight cases were misdiagnosed for benign tumor,the correspondent rate was 87.1% .Conclusions The high frequency ultrasonogram of malignant tumor in the parotid gland were similar and specific,adding the CDFI,PSV,RI and lymphonodus examination around the parotid gland may help to improve the diagnostic accuracy.

BACKGROUND:Internal fixation is commonly used in an early stage of intertrochanteric fractures of the aged worldwide, and can apparently reduce complications and fatality rate. The commonly used internal fixators contain proximal femoral nail anti-rotation and dynamic hip screw, whose comparison is current research hotspot.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the hip function and stability after internal fixation with proximal femoral nail anti-rotation and dynamic hip screw in repair of intertrochanteric fractures of the aged.
METHODS:A total of 64 aged patients with intertrochanteric fractures were enroled in this study, and assigned to dynamic hip screw group (n=30) and proximal femoral nail anti-rotation group (n=34). The fracture reduction and healing were evaluated using anterioposterior and lateral X-ray films. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, complication rate, healing time and postoperative hip function were compared and analyzed between the two groups, and then assessed in accordance with Sander’s scoring system.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with dynamic hip screw group, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, healing time and complication rate after treating unstable intertrochanteric fracture (Tronzo-Evans III, IV and V types) showed significant advantages in the proximal femoral nail anti-rotation group (P < 0.05). Hip function restored better, and the complication rate of stable intertrochanteric fracture (Tronzo-Evans I and II types) was lower after treatment in both groups (P > 0.05). These data show that the effects of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation were better than that of dynamic hip screw for treatment of intertrochanteric fractures, and hip function recovered better. Moreover, proximal femoral nail anti-rotation had biomechanical stability, especialy for unstable fracture.

Objective To investigate effects of intrathecal methotrexate on mechanical allodynia in rats with tibial bone cancer pain.Methods Forty-eight female SD rats weighing 150-180 g were randomly divided into 6 groups ( n =8 each):group Ⅰ sham operation + artificial cerebrospinal fluid(SA group),group Ⅱ sham operation + methotrexate 200 μg(SM group),group Ⅲ bone cancer pain + artificial cerebrospinal fluid(CA group),group Ⅳ-Ⅵ bone cancer pain + different doses of methotrexate (CM1-3 groups).The model of tibial bone cancer pain was induced by injecting Walker-256 cell into the tibial marrow cavity.CA and CM1-3 groups were intrathecal injected artificial cerebrospinal fluid,methotrexate 50,100 and 200 μg.SA and SM200 groups were intrathecal injected artificial cerebrospinal fluid and methotrexate 200 μg.The mechanical withdrawl threshold (MWT) was measured at day 1 before Walker-256 injection (baseline),7 day after injection (T0 ) and 2,4,8,24 hour and 1,3,5,7 days after intrathecal injection ( T1-8 ).Results Compered with the baseline,MWT was decrease in CA and CM1-s groups.Competed with To,MWT was decreased at T5-8 in CA group,MWT was increased at T3-5 in CM1 group,at T2-6 in CM2 group and at T2-7 in CM3 groups.MWT was decrease in CA and CM1-3 groups as compered with SA group; MWT was increased at T4-7 in CM1 group and at T3-7 in CM2 and CM3 groups.Conclusion Intrathecal injection of methotrexate can reduce tibial bone cancer pain in rats.

Objective To investigate the role of chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21) in the spinal cord in tibia bone cancer pain (BCP) in rats.Methods Forty adult female SD rats weighing 160-180 g were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=8 each):sham operation group (group Ⅰ ); sham operation + CCL21 neutralizing antibody group (groupⅡ); BCP group (group [); BCP + PBS group (group Ⅳ); BCP + control IgG group (groupⅤ)and BCP + CCL21 neutralizing antibody group (group Ⅵ).BCP was induced by inoculating Walker-256 mammary gland carcinoma cells into the rat tibia medullary cavity in groups Ⅲ-Ⅵ.PBS 15 μl,IgG 10 μg and CCL21 neutralizing antibody 10 μg were injected intrathecally (IT) at 14 days after intra-tibial injection of Walker-256 mammary gland cancer cells in groups Ⅳ- Ⅵ respectively.Mechanical withdrawal threshold to yon Frey filament stimulation (MWT) was measured at 1 day before (To,baseline) ; 7 and 14 d after Walker-256 cell injection (T1,T2)and at 0.5,1,2,4,8,12,24 and 48 h after intrathecal injection (T3-10 ).Results Intra-tibial injection of Walker-256 mammary gland cancer cells significantly decreased MWT as compared with the baseline values in administration of CCL21 neutralizing antibody at T5-8 as compared with MWT before intrathecal administration at T2 in group Ⅵ.MWT was significantly lower in groups Ⅲ- Ⅳ than in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ.MWT was significantly higher at T5-8 in group Ⅵ than in groups Ⅲ - Ⅴ.Conclu]sion CCL21 in the spinal cord is involved in the maintenance of tibia BCP in rats.

Objective To study the influence of the Runzaoling on AQP1 and AQP5 in submaxillary gland of mice with Sjogren syndrome.Methods Sjogren syndrome mice models were setup by innducement method and divided into six groups randomly,including A group(blank group),B group(model group),C group (low dose group),D group(moderate dose group),E group(high dosage group)and F group(prednisone group).Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the of expressions of AQP1 and AQP5 of submaxillary gland in model mice.Result AQP1 expression showed:scattered flavescent particles were only found in submaxillary gland of group B and group C;AQP5 expression showed:brown-stained granules can be found in gland alveolous teleblem,lateral membrane,and basal lamina of submaxillary gland,secretory duct,and duct epithelia in B group mice;light brawn-stained granules can be found in group C mice;attenuated or disappear stained granules were found in acinus,secretory tube,and duct in D,E,and F group mice.Conclusion Runzaoling Can raise the expression of AQP5 in submaxillary gland of SS mice and increase the absorption quantity of water.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and its prognostic factors for hilar cholangiocarcinoma with exairesis .Methods The clinical data of 58 cases of hilar cholangiocarcinoma were ret-rospectively analyzed .The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the overall survival and disease specific survival rates for these patients .And the factors that may influence the prognosis and survival of patients were an -alyzed using univariate(log-rank test)and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models .Results The median survival time was 22 months for all patients .The 1-,3-and 5-year survival rates were 76%,40%and 21%, respectively.Univariate analysis showed that preoperative albumin (P=0.002),intraoperative blood loss (P=0.039),surgical method(P =0.006),histologic differentiation(P =0.001),portal vein encroached(P =0.014),surgical margin(P=0.020)were correlated factors for postoperative survival duration .Multivariate analy-sis by Cox Proportional Hazard Model showed that surgical method (P=0.022),histologic differentiation(P=0.020)were independent prognostic factors for patients with Hilar cholangiocarcinoma excised .Conclusion Low albumin leve,intraoperative blood loss more than 500 mL,low degree of tumor differentiation,portal vein en-croached ,radical surgery ,positive surgical margin are risk factors for total survival of Hilar cholangiocarcinoma .