Electrical stimulation is well used in medical therapeutics,but the mechanism still needs to be studied further. This paper applies an electrical stimulator to generate low frequency pulse,which is used to stimulate at the root of the thumb,right on the median nerve. EEGs were recorded before and after the stimulation. Comparing the EEGs changes between the former and latter using power spectral analysis,the effect of low frequency electrical stimulation on human nerve excitability is discussed.

The article emphasizes to expound the correlative characteristic theory of science of Tujia herbs from nation and district,concept and attribute of subject,medical foundament,basic theory(denomination feature,nature and class of herb),application(preparation,compatibility,contraindications,dosage,administration and pharmacotherapy) and so on,and analyzes the various objective existing differences between science of Tujia herbs and Chinese materia medica,reveals the mirror meaning between the two traditional materia medica systems,and defines the concept of "science of Tujia herbs" for the first time,then lets scholars recognize and understand the science of ethno-medicines of China more completely,and provids some study ideas for research on ethnic medicine.

Increasing the production and secretion of endogenous opioid peptide by immune cell can significantly induce myocardial protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Gene therapy is promising to increase endogenous enkephalin (ENK). However, classical viral and plasmid vectors for gene delivery are hampered by immunogenicity, gene recombination, oncogene activation, the production of antibacterial antibody and changes in physiological gene expression. Minimalistic immunologically defined gene expression (MIDGE) can overcome all the deficients of viral and plasmid vectors. The exon of rat's preproenkephalin (PPENK) gene was amplified by PCR and the fragments were cloned into pEGFP-N1 plasmids. The recombined plasmids were digested with enzymes to obtain a linear vector contained promoter, preproenkephalin gene, RNA stable sequences and oligodesoxy nucleotides (ODNs) added to both ends of the gene vector to protect gene vector from exonuclease degradation. A nuclear localization sequence (NLS) was attached to an ODN to ensure the effective transport to the nucleus and transgene expression. Flow cytometry, laser confocal microscopy and Western blotting demonstrated that PPENK-MIDGE-NLS can transfect leukocyte of rat in vivo, increase the expression of proenkephalin (PENK) in tissue, and the transfection efficiency depends on gene vector's dosage. These results indicate that PPENK-MIDGE-NLS could be an innovative method to protect and treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; Enkephalins ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; Leukocytes ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Precursors ; genetics ; Rats ; Transfection ; Transgenes

For patients with chronic hepatitis C who undergo liver transplantation, recurrence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection after liver transplantation has always been a great challenge in the medical field. With our increased understanding of HCV replication cycle, the appearance of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) has brought new hope to patients who have failed interferon therapy. Based on the latest research advances at home and abroad, this article retrospectively introduces the mechanism of action and the development of DAAs, focuses on the clinical application, therapeutic effects, and potential risks of various regimens with DAAs before and after liver transplantation, and systematically reviews the application of DAAs in the perioperative period of liver transplantation for patients with hepatitis C. The results show that DAAs are safe and effective as perioperative antiviral therapies, and a combination of drugs with different targets is recommended as the antiviral therapy in the perioperative period of liver transplantation for patients with chronic hepatitis C.

Objective To investigate the impact of synthetic urine (synurine solution) at differentpH values on skin surface.Methods Sixty-four healthy volunteers were enrolled into this study.Based on the results of lactic acid test and questionaires,these subjects were enrolled as sensitive skin group and normalskin group.The 4-,20-,and 24-hour occlusive patch tests were successively performed with synthetic urine at various pH values (2.0,3.5,5.0,6.5,8.0 and 10.0)on the two groups of volunteers.The distilled waterand 0.25%sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS)served as control.The skin surface pH values were measured bypotable pH meter before,and at 24 h,48 h,72 h after the first patch.Half an hour after the latter three detections of pH values,the skin response was evaluated clinically,as well as by transepidermal water loss (TEWL)and pH values,which were measured by pH-900 pH Meter.Results The responses to these solutions were similar between sensitive and normal skin groups.The order of skin surface pH values measured by the two pH meters was consistent with that of the original solutions.The skin surface pH value was altered by the synthetic urine,and this change was still present at 24 hours after the patches were removed.The TEWL values of skin challenged by synthetic urine were not higher than those by distilled water.The skin responses at 72 hours were more intense to the synthetic urines with pH values of.5,8.0,10.0than to distilled water.CondusionsSynthetic urines with different pH values can alter skin surface pH values,and skin responses to synthetic urines with a pH range 2.0-10.0 are similar to those to distilled water.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of iASPP as the target gene of miR-124a in neural development.

METHODSUsing the online bioinformatical tool (TargetScan) and by reviewing the relevant studies, we selected iASPP as the candidate target gene of miR-124a involved in early-stage neuronal differentiation. Luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the candidate gene. We transfected M17 cells with a miR-124a overexpression plasmid and detected the changes in the protein expression of iASPP using Western blotting. With retinoic acid-induced M17 cells as the neuronal differentiation model, the role of iASPP in early-stage neuronal differentiation was investigated by gene overexpression and gene interference techniques.

RESULTSmiR-124a inhibited the expression of iASPP in M17 cells by interacting with the 3'UTR of iASPP gene. miR-124a promoted neurite outgrowth of the cells, which was blocked by iASPP overexpression.

CONCLUSIONmiR-124a promotes neurite outgrowth of M17 cells by inhibiting iASPP expression.

3' Untranslated Regions ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Neurites ; metabolism ; Repressor Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection

Objective: To study the feasibility of using the PTW729 2D array ion-chamber to verify the relative dose distribution calculated with the Acuros BV algorithm. Both advantages and disadvantages of the method were analyzed to provide reference for practical clinical practices. Methods: Based on self-built measurement phantoms, the dose distribution on the same slice of the phantom was measured with PTW729 and film, respectively, under the same measurement condition and plan. The dose distributions obtained by the two method were compared with the result calculated with Acuros BV, separately, by using γ analytical tool. And the stability of the PTW729 was tested. Results: The γ comparison value was 95.9% between the film and Acuros BV, 98.9% between the PTW729 and Acuros BV and 88.0% between the film and PTW729, with 95.0%, 100.0%, and 100.0%, in their stability test respectively. Conclusions PTW729 2D array ion-chamber can be applied to the rapid verification of Acuros BV algorithm-calculated relative dose distribution.

Objective To investigate the role of iASPP as the target gene of miR-124a in neural development. Methods Using the online bioinformatical tool (TargetScan) and by reviewing the relevant studies, we selected iASPP as the candidate target gene of miR-124a involved in early-stage neuronal differentiation. Luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the candidate gene. We transfected M17 cells with a miR-124a overexpression plasmid and detected the changes in the protein expression of iASPP using Western blotting. With retinoic acid-induced M17 cells as the neuronal differentiation model, the role of iASPP in early-stage neuronal differentiation was investigated by gene overexpression and gene interference techniques. Results miR-124a inhibited the expression of iASPP in M17 cells by interacting with the 3'UTR of iASPP gene. miR-124a promoted neurite outgrowth of the cells, which was blocked by iASPP overexpression. Conclusion miR-124a promotes neurite outgrowth of M17 cells by inhibiting iASPP expression.

Objective To investigate the role of iASPP as the target gene of miR-124a in neural development. Methods Using the online bioinformatical tool (TargetScan) and by reviewing the relevant studies, we selected iASPP as the candidate target gene of miR-124a involved in early-stage neuronal differentiation. Luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the candidate gene. We transfected M17 cells with a miR-124a overexpression plasmid and detected the changes in the protein expression of iASPP using Western blotting. With retinoic acid-induced M17 cells as the neuronal differentiation model, the role of iASPP in early-stage neuronal differentiation was investigated by gene overexpression and gene interference techniques. Results miR-124a inhibited the expression of iASPP in M17 cells by interacting with the 3'UTR of iASPP gene. miR-124a promoted neurite outgrowth of the cells, which was blocked by iASPP overexpression. Conclusion miR-124a promotes neurite outgrowth of M17 cells by inhibiting iASPP expression.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of hydroxy safflor yellow A (HSYA) on the expression of bFGF protein and MMP-9 mRNA or protein of transplantation tumor of gastric adenocarcinoma cell line BGC-823 in nude mice.

METHODThe BGC-823 cells were subcutaneously injected into the right anterior armpit of BALB/C nu/nu nude mice, and the animal model of transplantation tumor was established. The experimental groups were treated with HSYA at concentration of 0.056 and 0.028 g x L(-1) and cyclophosphamide at 2 g x L(-1), or with physiologic saline. The tumor inhibitory effect was observed, and the mRNA expression of MMP-9 of transplantation tumor was detected by real time-fluorescent quantitation PCR and the protein expression of MMP-9 and bFGF were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTThe IR in the group with HSYA at the concentration of 0.028 g x L(-1) is higher than in the group with normal sodium. After treatment with HSYA, the mRNA expression of MMP-9 has significant difference at the concentration of 0.028 g x L(-1) as compared with physiologic saline-treated group (P < 0.05), but the protein expression of MMP-9 and bFGF is obviously less than that in the physiologic saline-treated group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe possible mechanism of HSYA in given concentration to antagonize tumor angiogenesis may be related with inhibiting the protein expression of MMP-9 and bFGF or the mRNA expression of MMP-9 in tumor tissue to reduce the degradation of blood vessel basilar membrane, and to restrain the migration of blood vessel and decrease the tumor vascularization.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology