Based on multiple painless needle insertion skills in clinic combined with own experience, the authors propose the opinion that different painless needle insertion methods need to be used according to the positions where acupoints are. The appropriate needle insertion mean must be selected in accord with the anatomical characteristic of acupoint position, namely, tapping insertion is applied in scalp part, skin-pinching up needle insertion is used in forehead and superficial nerve trunk, fingernail-pressure needle insertion in ocular region and positions where large blood vessels distribute, flying acupuncture insertion in face and finger tip, vibrating needle in occipitonuchal region, quivering insertion in abdomen, quick pricking by single hand in the four limbs and back, and chop acupuncture in palm and pelma. The insertion methods are systematically discussed in terms of preparation, acupoint position, manipulation and attention, etc, so that to provide the reference for painless needle insertion.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Meridians ; Needles

Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin (Cur)on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by one-lung ventilation (OLV)in mice.Methods Sixty C57BL/6J mice were randomly alloca-ted into six groups (n =10):two-lung ventilation group (TLV group),OLV group,OLV+Cur pre-treated with 50 mg/kg group (Cur50 group),100 mg/kg group (Cur100 group),1 50 mg/kggroup (Cur1 50 group)and200 mg/kg group (Cur200 group).Peak and averaged airway pressure (Ppeak and Paw)of mice in each group were recorded.Mice were euthanized and the end of experiment,and left lung tissue was excised.Wet lung weight to dry lung weight (W/D)and total lung water content (TLW)were tested.Pathological changes of lung tissue were observed under light microscope,and changes of ultrastructure of lung tissue were observed by transmission electron microscope.Index of quantitative evaluation for alveolar damage (IQA)and lung injury scores were tested under light mi-croscope.The expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)mRNA and phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK)protein were detected respectively by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)and Western Blot.Apoptosis index (AI)of lung tissue was determined by terminal dexynucle-otidyl transferase(TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)method.Results There was no statistical significance at Ppeak and Paw of rats in each group.Compared to TLV group,the expres-sion of JNK mRNA and p-JNK protein were all significantly increased (P <0.05)in OLV group,and W/D,TLW,IQA,lung injury scores and AI were all notably higher (P <0.05);morphological and ultrastructural injuries in lung tissue were notably occured in OLV group.Compared to OLV group,the expression levels of JNK mRNA and p-JNK protein were decreasingly lower (P <0.05 )in the groups of Cur100,Cur1 50 and Cur200,W/D,TLW,IQA,lung injury scores and AI were also de-creased (P <0.05);morphological and ultrastructural injuries in lung tissue were gradually alleviated in the groups of Cur100,Cur1 50 and Cur200.However,there was no statistical significance in the in-dexes mentioned above between Cur50 group and OLV group.Conclusion Cur at doses of 100 to 200 mg/kg has protective effects on lung against OLV injury in mice,which may be related to inhibition of pneumocyte apoptosis induced by JNK.

To study the effects of cadmium chloride on DNA damage of rat liver cells in vivo and in vitro Single cell gel electrophoresis or Comet assay was used At the concentration of 2 185 ?mol/L, 4 375 ?mol/L, 8 75 ?mol/L, 17 50 ?mol/L, 35 00 ?mol/L, cadmium chloride could induce DNA damage of rat liver cells in vitro, and at the doses of 5 ?mol/kg, 10 ?mol/kg, 20 ?mol/kg, cadmium chloride could induce DNA damage of rat liver cells in vivo respectively The in vivo and in vitro results also showed the obvious dose response relationship between the rates of Comet cells and the doses of cadmium chloride [Conclusion]The research infered that at certain dose, cadmium could induce DNA damage and had toxic effects on rat liver cells

Objective To investigate the expression changes of translation elongation factor 1?1 in anti-BPDE transformed and carcinoma 16 HBEs. Methods Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), bioinformatics and semi-quantitative RT-PCR were applied. The cDNA of anti-BPDE transformed and carcinoma 16 HBE cells were used as tester respectively, and the cDNA of normal 16 HBE was used as driver, the library of subtractive hybridization were profiled and inverted into TA cloning vector after two times of hybridization and two times of PCR. After the screening, sequencing and analysis of sequences, semi-quantitative RT-PCR was performed accompanying to the inner reference of ?-actin. Results 9 differentially expressed fragments were consistent with translation elongation factor 1?1 in different regions in Genbank, and the expressions were up regulated in BPDE transformed and carcinoma 16 HBE cells. Conclusion Translation elongation factor 1?1 may be related to the transforming effect and carcinogenesis of anti-BPDE.

Objective To investigate whether cystatin C-based prediction equations for GFR estimation are superior to SCr-based prediction equations.Methods One hundred and ninety-eight consecutive patients (85 males,113 females,average age 66.5 years) who underwent GFR measurement with 99TcmDTPA and serum cystatin C and SCr tests were included in this retrospective study.GFR,serum cystatin C and SCr concentrations were determined by the Gates method (measured GFR),the particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay,and the Jaffe method,respectively.Eight different equations (6 equations based on the serum cystatin C,and the other 2 based on SCr) were used to estimate GFR values,and the results were compared with that of the Gates method.Patients were divided into different groups according to the measured GFR (normalized to body surface area,1.73 m-2):normal renal function,mild,moderate or severe renal impairment groups.One-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference t test were used to compare the estimated GFR,andx2 test was used to compare the diagnostic efficiencies of different GFR estimation equations.Results Among 198 patients,159 cases were with renal impairment (78 mild,58 moderate,23 severe),and the other 39 cases were with normal renal function.For patients with moderate or severe renal impairment,the estimated GFR calculated by the Tan formula was not different from the measured GFR (severe:(20.7±7.4) ml · min-1 vs (19.9±8.2) ml · min-1; F=6.75,t＜1.05; moderate:(42.1±14.4) ml· min-1 vs (46.8±9.2) ml· min-1; F=10.49,t＜1.63; both P＞0.05),and it had the least error compared with the measured GFR (severe:(12.3±7.0) ％ ; moderate:(17.9± 13.0) ％).For the patients with mild renal impairment and normal renal function,the estimated GFR calculated by the Tan formula was not valuable.For the diagnosis of renal impairment,the sensitivity and accuracy of the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula were 66.0％(105/159) and 71.2％(141/198),respectively,and those of the chronic kidney disease-epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula were 70.4％ (112/ 159) and 73.7％(146/198),respectively.The sensitivities and accuracies of the cystatin C-based formulas (≥83.6％ (133/159) and ≥79.3％(157/198),respectively) were higher than those of MDRD formula and CKD-EPI formula (x2 ≥23.50,all P＜0.01).For the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (including 81 patients with moderate and severe renal impairment),the sensitivities of cystatin C-based prediction equations (≥ 86.4％ (70/81)) were higher than those of the MDRD formula and the CKD-EPI formula (76.5％ (62/81),79.0％ (64/81)),but the accuracies were slightly lower (Tan formula:80.3％ (159/198),x2≥ 56.42,all P＜0.05).Conclusion The Tan formula may be more suitable for the GFR estimation than the MDRD formula and CKD-EPI formula in the patients with severe or moderate renal impairment (serum cystatin C≥ 1.55 mg/L),but it may not be reliable for the patients with mild renal impairment and normal renal function.

Objective To explore the repair effect of methylcobalamin treatment of nerve after spinal cord injury.Methods 108 cases of patients with acute spinal cord injury were selected treated in our hospital from 2010 April to 2014 April , including 60 cases of male, female 48 cases, were randomly divided into Mecobalamin group(n=56) and control group(n=52), mecobalamin group was treat with a cobalt amine, control group was given conventional treatment (dexamethasone intravenous drip note).According to American spinal cord injury score (ASIA) to set sensory function, motor function and spinal cord function score criteria, observed and record ed the sensory function, motor function, recovery of neurological function and complications the two groups of patients were treated for 6 weeks and followed up for 6 months.Results Spinal cord injury patients after 6 weeks and 6 months follow-up, the improvement of sensory and motor function of mecobalamin group were significantly better than the control group ( P <0.01 );Mecobalamin group patients after first to 3 weeks of recovery of neurological function was higher than those of the control group (P<0.05);the 2 groups were found urinary tract infections, lung infections, vomiting, reaction of ulcer complications, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05).Conclusion In patients with acute spinal cord injury treated by mecobalamin treatment can improve the nerve function damage condition, improve the prognosis and quality of life.

Objective:To check the clinical effect of Multi-channel Brain Magnetic Stimulation Machine.Method:Sixteen volunteers are divided into two groups.Members of the first group which is the corresponding group listen to news material in the sober state and then answer the questionnaire.At last their EEG is collected.Members of the second group listen to the same material in the sober state and they are stimulated at the forehead and temporal area by Multi-channel Brain Magnetic Stimulation Machine at the same time.They also answer the questionnaire under the magnetic stimulation at forehead and their EEG is collected,too.Result:Answers of the second group are obviously better than the first group.The power spectrum of EEG at the forehead,temporal,parietal region and even the whole brain area in the first group is stronger than that of the second.Conclusion:Multi-channel Brain Magnetic Stimulation Machine excites brain in a way and then helps people complete the job better.

Objective A meta-analysis was performed to assess the routine use of drainage after thyroid and parathyroid surgery with respect to the postoperative hematoma、haemorrhage、wound infection、seroma and hospital stay.Methods Medline、EMBASE、Cochrane Controlled Trials Register and China Biological Medicine Disk from Jan 1966 to Apr 2007 were searched for the randomized controlled trials of the routine use of drainage after thyroid and parathyroid surgery.Eleven studies were enrolled into the analysis.The details about the trial design,characters of the subjects,results of the studies were reviewed by two independent authors and analysed by using Revman4.2 software.Results Compared the drain group with non drain group,the drain group was not associated with significantly lower incidence of hematoma(OR=1.31,95%CI:0.71～2.42,P=0.38) 、wound infection(OR=1.51,95%CI:0.53～4.28,P=0.44)、hemorrhage(OR=1.21,95%CI:0.35～4.24,P=0.77) and seroma(OR=0.50,95%CI:0.22～1.15,P=0.10).Length of hospital stay between the two groups was significantly different(OR=1.29,95%CI:0.69～1.88,P

The respiratory control ratio (RCR), the rate of O2 consumption in state 3 and the rate of ATP formation of liver mitochondria succinate respiratory chain were increased 30 min after Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with epinephnne or norepinephrine. The rate of O2 consumption in state 4 was increased or slightly increased. When rats were injected with adrenergic blocking agents, timolol and phenoxybenzamine, 1 h before burn, the activities of succinate respiratory chain were partly inhibited 30 min post-burn. All the results suggest that catecholamines play a main role in the increase of oxidative phosphorylation coupling in the early phase of burn injury.

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of astragalosideⅣ pretreatment against liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice.MethodsSixty male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into four groups (15 mice in each group):group A:sham surgery with saline injection,group B:sham surgery with astragalosideⅣ injection,group C:I/R group with saline injection,group D:I/R and astragalosideⅣ injection.Mice were pretreated by daily intraperitoneal injection of saline or astragalosideⅣ (24 mg · kg-1 · d-1 ) for one week.The mouse partial liver model of I/R injury was established,and samples were collected at the 24 h after the I/R injury.Serum ALT and AST levels were determined,the histologic changes were observed by H&E staining under the light microscopy,whereas the nuclear factor (NF)-κB was assessed with Western blotting.Serum IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ResultsSerum ALT and AST levels significantly decreased and the histological damage was significantly alleviated in astragalosideⅣ treated I/R group as compared with saline I/R group [ AST:C:(4290± 292) U/L vs.D:(2373± 416) U/L t =0.844 ; ALT:C:(4146±500) U/L vs.D:(2318±289) U/L t =7.08 P ＜0.05].In comparison with group 3,astragalosideⅣ reduced NF-κB nuclear expression.ELISA showed astragalosideⅣ significantly inhibit the levels of IL-1 β,IL-6,and TNF-α in the serum (IL-1β:t =10.04;IL-6:t =6.281;TNF-α:t =6.817; P ＜0.05).ConclusionsPretreatment with astragaloside Ⅳ effectively protect against liver ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice.