OBJECTIVE:To explore the ways to consummate the current domestic legal regulations on adverse drug reactions(ADRs).METHODS:The status quo and the defects of the current legal regulations on ADRs were analyzed;and taking ADR damage relief systems adopted in some countries as reference,we put forward some suggestions on the improvement of the existing related legal regulations.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The existing related legal regulations should be consummated as early as possible in respect of constitutive requirements of ADRs,legal obligation,identification system etc via suitable legislation channel so as to protect patients' rights.

Objective To explore the curative effect of ursodeoxycholic acid in treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and the effect on total bile acid (TBA) in post partum fetal umbilical venous blood .Methods 30 patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy who were admitted into the Hospital Affiliated to Sichuan Medical University during January 2014 to December 2014 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into observation group and control group ,15 cases in each group.The observation group were given ursodeoxycholic acid tablets while control group were injected with ademetionine butanedisulfonate .The curative effect of two kinds of drugs in treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy was observed and the effect on total bile acid in post partum fetal umbilical venous blood was analyzed .ResuIts After treatment , the TBA and ALT of observation group were significantly lower than those pre-treatment and those of control group (P<0.05).There were no significant differences of TBIL and ALP between two groups and within groups.TBA and TBIL in post partum fetal umbilical venous blood of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference of ALT level between two groups .There were two cases of abnormal perinatal outcomes in observation group while seven cases in control group (χ2 =3.97, P<0.05).ConcIusion Ursodeoxycholic acid could effectively reduce the total bile acid levels in maternal and fetal umbilical vein blood, reduce the mortality rate of the fetal and improve the perinatal outcomes , with high security.

AIM To investigate the effect of resveratrol on human liver cancer HepG2, and to study the function of resveratrol in inducing HepG2 apoptosis. METHODS HepG2 cells were treated with resveratrol at various concentrations. MTT assay was used to examine growth and proliferation of HepG2 cells after treatment with resveratrol for 24 hours. HE staining and electromicroscope were used to observe the morphology of apoptotic cells, and TUNEL, flow cytometry were also used to analyze the HepG2 apoptosis. RESULTS Resveratrol significantly inhibited growth and proliferation of HepG2 cells in dose dependent manner. And resveratrol also induced the apoptosis of HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION Resveratrol may inhibit HepG2 cell growth and proliferation through inducing apoptosis.

Objective To explore the effect of bcl 2 in vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC) apoptosis induced by nitric oxide(NO),we investigated the effect of NO on Bcl 2 protein expression in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs),and effect of Bcl 2 over expression on apoptosis is(VSMCs) induced by NO. Methods Cultured rat VSMCs at passage 5 to 8 were used for experiments,S nitroso N acetypenicillamine(SNAP) was used as NO donor.Cells were preincubated for 24-48 hours in special culture dish with conditioned medium to reach quiescent,and then incubated in conditioned medium containing 0 5 mmol/L SNAP.After 8 to 10 hours,the cells were fixed and Bcl 2 expression was analyzed by ACAS 570 through fluorescent immunochemistry.Vascular smooth muscle cells were transfected with bcl 2 gene through retrovirus to allow overexpression of Bcl 2 in VSMCs.Finally,we observed the apoptosis in normal VSMCs and VSMCs infected with bcl 2. Results SNAP downregulated Bcl 2 expression in VSMCs.PCR and Southern hybridization confirmed the integration of the bcl 2 retrovirus vector into vascular smooth muscle cells genomic DNA.And fluorescence immunohistochemistry confirmed that Bcl 2 protein was overexpressed in VSMCs infected with bcl 2.And ratio of apoptosis become lower in VSMCs infected with bcl 2. Conclusion bcl 2 can inhibit apoptosis of VSMCs induced by SNAP.It is suggested that downregulation of Bcl 2 protein is one of the ways in which SNAP induces VSMCs apoptosis,and apoptosis in VSMCs induced by SNAP is regulated by bcl 2.;

Objective To observe the morphological and distribution feature of nestin-positive cells in liver during various stages of human fetal development.Methods 10-20 weeks old fetal liver tissues were obtained and fixed for paraffin sections as usual.Digoxigenin-labeled oligo-DNA probe was used for detect nestin by means of in situ hybridization histochemistry(ISHH).Results Nestin-positive cells are small,spherical cells with a large nucleus and sometimes a dual nuclei,and distribute mainly in limiting plate and surround the developing bile duct.Conclusion There are some nestin-positive cells in the liver.They can divide and proliferate and may be a group of cells hided in various tissues during development,which have the same function.They may play an important role in hepatocyte injure repair and tumor occur during the later days.

Objective To observe the impact of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on blood pressure and heart rate in adults with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods 48 adult SCI patients who accepted HBO therapy from March to November, 2014, were observed. Other 48 non-SCI patients matched sexes and ages were as the controls. Their blood pressure and heart rate were measured before chambering, before compression, HBO for 30 minutes, before decompression and at the end of decompression. The patients were divided into high SCI group and low SCI group based on the injury levels above or below T4. Results The blood pressure was lower in the high SCI patients than their controls (t>6.337, P<0.001), and increased as taking in the oxygen. There was no significant difference between the high SCI patients than their controls as they took in for 30 minutes and before the decompression (P>0.05). No difference was found between both groups in heart rate (P>0.05). For the low SCI patients, neither the blood pressure nor the heart rate was different from their controls (P>0.05). Conclusion The blood pressure may increase during HBO intaking in the high SCI patients, which need be paid attention to.

Objective To clarify the distribution characteristics of serum pepsinogen (PG ) and gastric cancer related tumor markers in the healthy population ,and analyse their value in health examination .Methods The levels of serum tumor markers ,pep‐sinogenⅠ(PGⅠ ) and pepsinogenⅡ(PGⅡ) were detected in 958 subjects who underwent physical examination by using the Lumi‐nex 200 instrument ,and the ratio of PGⅠ /PGⅡ(PGR) was calculated .Meanwhile ,the C13 breath test was carried out ,and relation‐ships among these clinical indicators were analysed .Results In this population ,The serum level of PGⅠ in male subjects was high‐er than that in female subjects ,there was statistically significant difference(P<0 .05) .The levels of serum PGⅠ ,PGⅡ ,carcinoem‐bryonic antigen(CEA) ,carbohydrate antigen 199(CA199) and carbohydrate antigen 242(CA242) were gradually increased with age ,while the PGR was slowly decreased with age .The positive rate of C13 breath test in male subjects was higher than that in fe‐male subjects ,there was statistically significant difference(P<0 .05) .Compared with subjects whose C13 breath test results were negative ,the serum levels of PGⅠ and PGⅡ were higher ,while the PGR was lower in subjects whose C13 breath test results were positive(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The distribution of serum PG might be correlated with age ,gender and the infection of Helicobact‐er pylori in healthy population .It is shown that the effects of tumor markers on gastric cancer screening are limited .

Objective To study the length of hypertension history and its related factors in patients with both ischemic cerebral vascular disease(ICVD) and hypertension.Methods The profile of hypertension history in ICVD patients from our hospital between 1990 and 1999 was summarized.Hypertension history meant the time interval between onset of first symptomatic ICVD and establishment of diagnosis of hypertension.The related factors' influence on the length of hypertension history was analyzed by means of multiple linear regression model.Results In ICVD patients with hypertension,the mean length of hypertension history was 14.29?10.63 years,the median was 11 years.In multiple linear regression model,increased age when hypertension was diagnosed,diabetes mellitus,smoking,peasant(army man as control group) were independent factors that shortened hypertension history.Antihypertensive treatment independently lengthened hypertension history.Conclusion The length of hypertension history varies greatly,50% of patients developed the first ICVD in 11 years after the diagnosis of hypertension was established .Coexisting smoking and diabetes mellitus hasten while control of arterial blood pressure postpone onset of ICVD in patients with hypertension.

Study on the changes of osteophiphysis observed on the X ray film is quite practical for the age estimation of male teenager.210 male teenager cases,13～20 years old,from North China were studied for age estimation.Radiographic plates were taken from the following articles:shoulder joint,elbow joint,wrist joint,hipjoint,knee joint,ankle joint.Pedis 27 characteristics were found,phased and scored.By which the regression equations were constructed with SPSS.Four regression equations with highest multi relationship coefficient(r=0 758～0 787)and lowest standard error(SE=1 0136～1 0701)were then selected.The method presented here is quite useful for the age estimation of the teenage group in North China.

Objective To set up the method of estimation of age for Chinese girls at the age of 11-16 years according to their characteristic of radiographic changes in articulations of bone. Methods The samples of the X-ray photograph were come out of 6 articulations of humeri, cubiti, manus, coaxe, genus and ankle from 150 girls, ranging in age from 11-16 years old, in Henan province, North of China. The radiographic characteristics of osteoepiphysis at these joints were observed carefully and classified. The data were analyzed with the SPSS package. Result Regression equation was made for radiographic determine of age for Chinese girls at the age of 11-16 years. Conclusion The equation can be used for forensic practice about the determine of age.