Objective:To analyze the etiology,clinical manifestations,pathology and prognosis of 87 cases of acute interstitial nephritis in children.Methods:Clinical features and pathological data of 87 patients with AIN admitted in our hospital from October 1996 to October 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Of total 87 cases,64 were infection-associated(73.6%),and respiratory and intestinal infections were most common.The other 23 cases(26.4%) were caused by surgery and other reasons.Renal impairment in 55 cases(60.9%)was medication-associated,especially NSAID and antimicrobials.A total of 35 cases(40.2%)were virus-associated(IgM positive in blood),and among those,EBV was the most common one.Clinical manifestations for all cases were variable ranging from mild proteinuria,hematuria and leucocyturia to accomparied acute renal failure(31/87,35.6%).Renal biopsy was performed in 11 patients.Mononuclear cell infiltration in the renal interstitium with tubular degradation was typical.Crescent was seen in 3 cases.A total of 12 cases(28 person-time) with ARF needed blood puritication(hemodialysis or hemofiltration),1 case was treated with peritoneal dialysis.A majority of patients with ARF had complete recovery,and only 3 of them were treated with steroid in low dosage.Conclusion:Infection and drug associated AIN are common in children.Clinical manifestations are variably ranged,mainly with the change of urine,and the extreme situation is with ARF or multiple organ failure(MOF).Interstitial and tubular damage is typical in pathology.Prevention of infections and reasonable drug administration are keys to the prevention of AIN in children.

Of B cells derived from bone marrow hematopoictic stem cells,bone marrow (poultry,as the bursa of fabricius) is a place of B cells development and mature.The growth of B cells can experience from progenitor cell B,pre-B cells,immature B ceils and mature B cells stages in the bone marrow.The differentiation process of B cells can be divided into antigen independ stage and antigen depend stage.CD5 + B1 cells and B10 cells of B cell subsets probably associated with autoimmune disease,B1 cells may play roles of promotion in inflammatory reaction,and B10 cells may suppress autoimmune inflammation.

It is very difficult to make diagnosis on pediatric rheumatic diseases,because of the great variety of the diseases,being unclear of the etiology and pathogenesis,the complex clinical manifestations involving multiple organ damages.Knowing the classification of pediatric rheumatism,training of thought on systemic diagnosis,exception of infection and tumors,and combining with necessary examinations,might be made correct diagnosis.

By destroying tumor vessels or directly killing tumor cells, high-intensity focused ultrasound ( HIFU) kills tumors or reduces tumor volume and decreases metastasis,lessens patients pain in advanced stage tumors and improves patients life quality. HIFU in combination with other therapies can kill more tumor cells, reduce long-term recurrence rate and achieve synergetic effect. HIFU therapy has many advantages, such as little trauma, small side effects and repeatable treatment and so on.

Objective To observe the treatment effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris.Methods LMWH (0.4～0.6 ml Bid) was used through subcutaneous injection in 36 cases of unstable angina pectoris for 14 days on end.Results The clinical effective rate was 66.67%.The drug was effective in the decreasing of the frequency and time of angina pectoris,and also in the decreasing of nitroglycerin consumption as well as in the improvement of the scope and severity of cardiac ischemia by ECG.Conclusion LMWH is an effective and safe drug for the treatment of unstable angina pectoris.

0.05). In bone defects PeroGlas granales bond to bone and new bone formation were observed 4 weeks after operation. The bone defects were repa ired by new bone 12 weeks after PerioGlas implantation. Conclusion: PerioGlas may induce new bone formation in osseous defects.

Objective To compare the effects of peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC)and venous port access (VPA)on the complication incidence of breast cancer.Methods A total of 191 breast cancer patients with VPA and 218 ones with PICC for chemotherapy from January 2012 to January 2014 were involved.The two groups were compared in respect of incidence of complications during intubation.Result The complication incidence in the VPA group was lower than the PICC group(P<0.05). Conclusion VPA is an ideal pathway for intravenous infusion in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Objective To analyze the functional alteration of natural killer (NK) cells from patients with macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) in active phase and after treatment.Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 12 healthy subjects,12 patients with systemic onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (SoJIA) but without an episode of MAS and 12 patients with MAS.Flow cytometry analysis was performed to detect NK cells and their expression of perforin,granzyme B,interferon (IFN)-γand tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α.The cytotoxicity of NK cells to K562 cell was also analyzed.All of the patients with MAS were diagnozed by clinical features and the pathologic examination of hemophagocytosis in bone marrow.The function of NK cells were analyzed before any treatment and on the fifth day as well as in third month after treatment with glucocorticoid,intravenous immunoglobulin and/or cyclosporin A.Results Compared with healthy subjects and patients with SoJIA,patients with MAS had lower NK cell counts,reduced cytotoxicity and decreased expression of perforin and granzyme B before or on the fifth day after treatment (P＜0.05).However,increased production of IFN-γ and TNF-α by NK cells were observed (P＜ 0.05).In the third month after treatment,the cytotoxicity of NK cells and the expression of perforin and granzyme B in patients with MAS were lower than those in healthy subjects and patients with SoJIA (P＜ 0.05),but no statistically significant differences with NK cell counts and production of IFN-γand TNF-α were observed beween the patients with MAS and healthy subjects (P＞0.05).Conclusion NK cells from patients with active MAS were characterized by reduced cytotoxicity and enhanced production of IFN-γ and TNF-α.Upon medical treatment,the number of NK cells in patients with MAS were up-regulated and their production of IFN-γand TNF-α were down-regulated.However,the cytotoxicity of NK cells and the expression of perforin and granzyme B were not affected.Reduced cytotoxicity and decreased production of perforin and granzyme B with NK cells might be the durative features for the patients with MAS.

Objective To evaluate the changes in the expression of Nogo-A protein in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of inflammatory pain.Methods One hundred and twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-300 g,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =60 each):control group (group C) and formalin group (group F).The inflammatory pain was induced by injection of 3％ formalin 100 μl into the plantar surface of left hindpaw in group F.The equal volume of normal saline was given instead of formalin in group C.Mechanical withdrawal threshold to yon Frey filament stimulation was measured at 1 h and 1,2,3 and 7 days after injection.Twelve rats in each group were chosen at each time point and sacrificed.The L5 DRG and L4,5 segment of spinal cord on the operated side were removed for determination of Nogo-A protein expression by immunofluorescence and Western blot.Remlts Compared with group C,the mechanical withdrawal threshold was significantly decreased at 1 h,1,2,3 and 7 days after injection,and the expression of Nogo-A protein in the DRG and L4,5 segment of spinal cord was up-regulated at 1 h and 2,3 and 7 days after injection in group F (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Up-regulation of Nogo-A protein in the DRG and spinal dorsal horn may play an important role in the development of formalin-induced inflammatory pain in rats.

The changes of expression and function of MDM2 and P53 by MDM2 specific antisense oligonucleotides were investigated in HL60 cells. Cells were divided into control group, AS group (MDM2 specific antisense oligonucleotides group), cisplatin group, and combined treatment group. FCM analysis and Western blot and RT-PCR were used to estimate apoptosis and the expression of MDM2 and P53. Our results showed that the transfection of MDM2 specific antisense oligonucleotides obviously inhibited MDM2 expression (P < 0.01) and increased the expression of P53 (P < 0.05). Apoptosis rate were reduced by MDM2 specific antisense oligonucletides and cisplatin (P < 0.01). It is concluded that MDM2 specific antisense oligonucletides can inhibit the expression of MDM2, induce the expression of P53 and increase the apoptosis of leukemia cells after chemotherapy.