Objective To explore the iodine status of pregnant women after 17 years of salt iodization in rural areas of Shijiazhuang City.Methods Probability proportionate to size sampling was employed in which 30 towns were selected from the 211 towns in the rural areas of Shijiazhuang City.In each town selected,40 pregnant women were randomly selected to collect their spot urine samples,edible salt samples and drinking water samples from their households to measure iodine content.The iodine content of salt was determined quantitatively using a titration method (GB/F 13025.7-2012).The urinary iodine content was determined using the method of ammonium persulfate digestion arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry (WS/T 107-2006).The iodine content in drinking water was determined by the method of standard test for drinking water.Results A total of 1 200 salt samples was collected from the pregnant women's households in 30 towns,with the overall median iodine content being 27.2 mg/kg.The median salt iodine content in 30 towns varied from 23.4 to 32.6 mg/kg.A total of 478 water samples were collected,with a median of 5.3 μg/L.The median urinary iodine content (UIC) of 1 200 pregnant women in 30 towns was 146.4 μg/L.The median UIC in the first (≤ 13 weeks),second (14 ～ 26 weeks) and third (≥27 weeks) trimesters was 166.3,145.1 and 133.5 μg/L,respectively.The median UIC in the first trimester was significantly higher than that in the third trimester (Mann-Whitney Test,U =18 265,P ＜ 0.05).Except for the 9-20 and 37-40 weeks period of pregnancy,the median UIC was lower than the WHO criteria (150 μg/L).Tested by linear correlation,the pregnant women's median UIC did not correlate with median salt iodine (r =0.725,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Under the current universal salt iodization,the pregnant women's iodine intake could almost meet their requirement in the rural areas of Shijiazhuang City,however,mild iodine deficiency has existed in the third trimester.Alternative measures of iodine supplement could be implemented.

Objective To investigate the analgesia effect and the possible mechanism of intravenous administration with different concentrations of ozonized saline (OS) by observing changes in behavior,plasma tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α),and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels after rat plantar incision.Methods Fifty-four health adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the investigation.Twenty four rats were randomly divided into four groups,6 in each group.The rats in group A1 were intravenously administered with 5ml/kg oxygen saline,10min before the incision.The rats in groups B1,C1,and D1 were intravenously administered with 20 μg/ml,30 μg/ml,and 40 μg/ml OS 5 ml/kg.An 1-cm incision was made in the right plantar surface from the heel to the toes according to the method described by Brennan under sevoflurane anesthesia.The 50％ paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (50％ PWMT) and cumulative pain score (CPS) at the times of 24 h before and 2,6,24,48 h after surgery were underwent.Thirty rats were randomly divided into five groups,6 in each group.Groups A2,B2,C2,and D2 processed as well as group 1.All groups except group E2 were made the model of incisional pain.2 ml blood was taken out of the right ventricular 2 h after the operation,then the levels of plasma TNF-α and IL-6 were detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results There were no significant differences in the 50％PWMT between group A1 and group B1 at each time point after surgery (P ＞ 0.05).The 50％ PWMT in groups C1 and D1 were higher than those in group A1 at each time point after surgery (P ＜ 0.05).The CPS in groups B1,C1,and D1 were lower than those in group A1 after surgery (P ＜ 0.01).Compared to group E2,the levels of plasma TNF-α 2 h after the operation in group B2 and D2 were not statistically different (P ＞ 0.05).The levels of plasma TNF-α in groups C2 and A2 were higher than those in group E2 (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of plasma IL-6 2 h after the operation between group A2 and group E2 showed no difference (P ＞ 0.05).The levels of plasma IL-6 in groups B2,C2,and D2 were higher than those in group E2 (P ＜ 0.05).Concltsions Intravenous administration of ozonized saline can inhibit the incisional pain in rats.The analgesia effect of ozonized saline was dose-dependent.

Objective To investigate the common complications during anesthesia recovery period after deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson disease. Methods The complications during anesthesia recovery period after deep brain stimulation in 869 patients with Parkinson disease were retrospectively analyzed. Results The median recovery time during anesthesia recovery period was 15 (0 - 30) min. The complications of 869 patients with Parkinson disease were hypertension in 133 cases (15.3%), arrhythmia in 99 cases (11.4%), agitation in recovery period in 76 cases (8.7%), respiratory obstruction in 24 cases (2.8%), postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in 18 cases (2.1%), hypoxemia in 17 cases (2.0%), pain in 10 cases (1.2%), delayed emergence in 10 cases (1.2%), shivering in 3 cases (0.3%), and hypotension in 1 case (0.1%). The incidence of 1 complication was 26.8%(233/869), the incidence of ≥ 2 complications was 9.9% (86/869), and the total incidence of complications was 36. 7% (319/869). In the 869 patients, the modified Aldrete score ≥ 9 scores when patients were removed away from the anesthesia recovery room was in 849 cases (97.7%), and≤8 scores was in 20 cases (2.3%). Conclusions The common complications during anesthesia recovery period after deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson disease are special. To maintain a stable circulation, preventing respiratory complications and aspiration are important to reduce the incidence and improve the prognosis.

Objective To investigate the utility value of monoexponential and biexponential DWI in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant liver neoplasms.Methods Seventy three patients with pathologically or clinically confirmed liver mass,were analyzed retrospectively and categorized into benign and malignant groups between January 2013 and October 2013.Malignant group included 46 patients with 53 lesions,while 27 patients in benign group had 35 lesions.All patients underwent MR examinations on 3.0T system (GE 750).Conventional MR T1WI,T2WI,DWI(b=0,800 s/mm2) (to obtain ADC with monoexponential modeling),multi-b value DWI(b=0,20 50,100,200,400,600,800 and 1 200 s/mm2) (to obtain Slow-ADC,Fast-ADC,f with biexponential modeling) and dynamic enhancement were performed.The ADC,Slow-ADC,Fast-ADC and f mean values of benign and malignant liver neoplasms were measured and analyzed by using independent samples t test.Diagnostic efficacy of these parameters in malignant group was evaluated by using receiver operating characteristic curve,with histopathologic findings as the gold standard.Results ADC,Slow-ADC,Fast-ADC and f of malignant group were lower than those of benign group [ADC:(1.79±0.35)× 10-3 mm2/s vs (1.16±0.36) × 10-3 mm2/s; Slow-ADC:(1.67±0.25) × 10-3 mm2/s vs(0.94±0.22)×10-3mm2/s; Fast-ADC(72.40±23.70)×10-3mm2/s vs(34.62±17.43)×10-3mm2/s; and f:(33.59± 11.77)％ vs (22.28±8.97)％ in benign and malignant groups,respectively).Significant inter-group difference was observed in ADC,Fast-ADC,Slow-ADC and f (t=0.89,14.77,8.96 and 5.47,respectively and P＜0.05).The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of ADC,Slow-ADC,Fast-ADC and fwere 0.938,0.974,0.895 and 0.789,respectively.The sensitivity and specificity of ADC,Slow-ADC,Fast-ADC and fwere 90.6％ (48/53),96.2％ (51/53),90.6％ (48/53) and 90.6％ (48/53) and 85.7％ (30/35),91.4％ (32/35),82.9％ (29/35) and 57.1％ (20/35)respectively for differentiating benign from malignant hepatic lesions.Conclusion ADC obtained with mono-exponential modeling and Fast-ADC,Slow-ADC,f obtained with biexponential modeling are useful parameters in distinguishing benign and malignant hepatic lesions,among which slow-ADC demonstrates the highest diagnostic efficacy.

Objective To explore the expression of fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1), the distribution of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and their relationship with the prognosis of esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. Methods We analyzed retrospectively the clinical data of 120 ESCC patients. The expression of FGL1 was detected through immunohistochemistry. The distributions of intratumoral TILs (iTILs) and stromal TILs (sTILs) were evaluated under a microscope. Survival analysis was used to evaluate the patient outcomes. Results The positive rate of FGL1 in ESCC was 18.3% (22/120), and it was connected to the TNM stage, lymph node status, and TILs. A total of 73 cases (60.8%) showed low levels of iTILs (iTILs≤10%), and 47 cases (39.2%) exhibited high iTIL levels (iTILs > 10%). Similarly, 82 cases (68.3%) presented low levels of sTILs (sTILs≤10%), and 38 cases (31.7%) manifested high sTIL levels (sTILs > 10%). The distribution of iTILs was associated with FGL1, tumor differentiation, and TNM stage, whereas the distribution of sTILs was associated with FGL1, tumor location, and TNM stage. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that tumor diameter, TNM stage, lymph node status, FGL1, and TILs were associated with the prognosis of patients with ESCC (P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression revealed that FGL1, TILs and TNM stage were the influencing factors of prognosis. Conclusion FGL1 expression is associated with the poor prognosis and may be a prognostic biomarker of ESCC. FGL1 combined with TILs can be used as a biomarker to predict ESCC.

Objective: To understand and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of dental caries in children and its effects on jaw function, so as to prevent occurrence of abnormality of jaw function. Methods: In October 2020, 860 cases of children from 5 kindergartens and 3 primary schools in Beijing were selected by adopting the convenience sampling method. All of them received oral examination, and the questionnaire according to the fourth national oral health epidemiological survey standard, including demographic information, eating habits, oral hygiene habits, oral health care,etc. The epidemiological characteristics of dental caries in children and its effects on jaw function were analyzed. Results: A total of 190 children had dental caries, with a dental caries incidence rate of 22.09%. Dental caries in children s deciduous teeth or permanent teeth was related to age, residence, parents education level,whethe to eat before going to bed, whether eating sweet food, tooth brushing age, daily brushing frequency, whether parents have assisted tooth brushing, whether regular oral examination, whether parents have received oral health guidance( χ 2= 5.04 ,4.70，75.37，7.91，12.03，9.30，7.64，255.47，253.27，11.38, P <0.05). Compared with the noncaries group[(81.52±3.16， 80.54± 1.52，1.92±0.25，31.52±1.62，33.63±3.41，50.72±1.68)°], the sella nasion A point(SNA), sella nasion B point(SNB),A point nasion B point(ANB),frankfot horizontal mandibular plane angle(FH MP),skull nasion mandibular plane angle(SN MP),anteriors relationship palataplane mandibular(Ptm ANS) decreased in the dental caries group[(78.62±2.11，79.35±1.02，1.68±0.32，30.69±0.45，32.15±3.02，48.62±1.21)°](t=78.62,79.35,10.94, 30.69, 32.15, 48.62, P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of caries in children was high and jaw structure abnormalities and dysfunction. It is suggested that caries prevention and control work should be carried out early to strengthen the prevention and control of oral disease education work.

Objective To investigate the distribution of urinary iodine level and its relationship with thyroid function in Tibetan adults in Lhasa. Methods Tibetan residents living in Lhasa and its surrounding countryside were recruited by the method of multistage randomized cluster sampling. Their salt iodine, drinking water iodine, urinary iodine, and thyroid function levels were detected. According to the urinary iodine level, these subjects were divided into the iodine deficiency group ( urinary iodine<100μg/L) , the iodine enough group ( urine iodine 100-199μg/L) , the iodine adequate group ( urine iodine 200-299 μg/L ) and the iodine excessive group ( urine iodine≥300μg/L) . The differences in thyroid function among various groups were compared. Results A total of 2235 subjects were included in the study. The overall level of urinary iodine was in skewed distribution, with a median ( upper and lower quartiles) of 154 (99, 229) μg/L. The proportion of subjects with insufficient iodine intake was 25.7％, while those of the enough, adequate, and excessive groups were 41. 5％, 21. 3％, and 11. 5％, respectively. There was no significant difference in urine iodine level between males and females [152(95,219)μg/L vs 155(100,232)μg/L P>0.05]. The urinary iodine levels in residents of urban were higher than those in rural residents [157(101,232)μg/L vs 140(92,200)μg/L, P<0.05]. The urinary iodine levels in the young, middle-aged, and elderly groups were 175 ( 116,256) , 136 ( 91, 200) , and 116 ( 68, 164)μg/L respectively, showing a gradual decrease in urine iodine level with aging (P<0.05). The average salt iodine content of Tibetan adults in Lhasa was 23.16 mg/kg, and that in drinking water was 4.33μg/L. There were no significant differences in TSH levels among various iodine intake groups ( P>0.05) . The levels of thyroid peroxidase antibody ( TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody ( TGAb) were gradually decreased with the increase of urinary iodine level (P<0.05). Conclusion More than 50％ of Tibetans are at the status of low iodine and high iodine intakes in Lhasa. Although the salt iodine content meets national standards, the drinking water iodine content is lower than that standard.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for a child with developmental delay and congenital syndactyly. METHODS: G-banding chromosomal karyotyping and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) were performed on peripheral blood sample from the child. RESULTS: The child was ascertained as 46, XY, r(18)[52]/45,XY,?18[3]. A 18q21.32-q23 deletion was identified by CMA with a size of 19.85 Mb, which has encompassed 99 genes including CTDP1, TXNL4A, TSHZ1, PIGN, RTTN, TNFRSF11A, KDSR and CYB5A. CONCLUSION Clinical phenotype of the patient with ring chromosome 18 is associated with the size of the euchromatin loss and involved genes. As a useful complement to conventional karyotyping, CMA has provided an powerful tool for delineating complex chromosomal aberrations.
Child ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 ; genetics ; Cytogenetics ; Developmental Disabilities ; genetics ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Ring Chromosomes ; Syndactyly ; genetics

Objective:To explore the role and mechanism of extracellular histones involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced alveolar macrophage injury.Methods:The mouse alveolar macrophage cell line (MH-S) was cultured in vitro and passaged, and the cells were cultured to 80% of cells for cell proliferation. The cells were stimulated with 1 mg/L LPS for 3 hours and 50 mg/L exogenous histones for 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours, respectively (LPS+histones 3, 6, 12, 24 h groups), and other groups included phosphate buffered saline (PBS) control group (PBS group), LPS alone stimulation group (LPS group), the exogenous histones alone stimulation group (histones group) and heparin pretreatment histones group (heparin+LPS+histones group). The cells in each group were challenged with different reagent, the expression of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and inflammatory factors in the supernatant were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the change of intracellular K + concentration was detected by FluxOR TMⅡgreen potassium channel. The proteins such as potassium channel protein (TWIK2), inflammasome (NLRP3), and apoptosis associated speck like protein containing a CARD (ASC) were determined by Western Blot. Results:Compared with the PBS group, the levels of LDH and inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL-1β, IL-18) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were significantly increased after LPS stimulation group. Compared with the LPS group, the levels of LDH and inflammatory factors were significantly increased after the treatment with exogenous histones, and reached a peak after 3 hours of the histones stimulation [LDH (U/L): 123.10±1.83 vs. 85.32±1.66, IL-1β (mg/L): 40.75±2.60 vs. 18.78±1.37, IL-18 (mg/L): 49.94±2.45 vs. 30.19±1.82, TNF-α (mg/L): 36.51±1.56 vs. 20.84±1.61, all P < 0.01]. Western Blot results showed that compared with the LPS group, NLRP3, ASC and TWIK2 protein expression were significantly up-regulated in the LPS+histones group (NLRP3/GAPDH: 0.80±0.02 vs. 0.57±0.02, ASC/GAPDH: 0.57±0.02 vs. 0.38±0.01, TWIK2/GAPDH: 0.65±0.01 vs. 0.41±0.01, all P < 0.01), and the expression of the above proteins were significantly down-regulated after heparin pretreatment (NLRP3/GAPDH: 0.28±0.02 vs. 0.80±0.02, ASC/GAPDH: 0.25±0.02 vs. 0.57±0.02, TWIK2/GAPDH: 0.35±0.01 vs. 0.65±0.01, all P < 0.01), indicating that histones could activate NLRP3 through TWIK2 to participate in inflammatory reaction. In addition, intracellular K + concentration in LPS+histones group decreased significantly compared with the LPS group (fluorescence intensity: 35.48±2.53 vs. 83.92±3.11, P < 0.01). Compared with LPS+histones group, K + concentration increased significantly after pretreatment with heparin (fluorescence intensity: 72.10±1.78 vs. 35.48±2.53, P < 0.01), indicating that extracellular histones could cause K + massive efflux through TWIK2, and thus mediate NLRP3 activation and participate in inflammatory injury of alveolar macrophages. Conclusion:Extracellular histones can cause inflammatory damage in alveolar macrophages, and its mechanism may be related to the activation of NLRP3 by extracellular histones activation of TWIK2 channel to promote K + efflux.

Objective:To investigate the factors related to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in children.Methods:Clinical data of 370 children who underwent 24h multi-channel impedance-pH monitoring (24h MII-pH) in Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 2015 to December 2020 were enrolled in the study. The children were divided into GERD group ( n=202)and non-GERD group ( n=168) according to results of 24h MII-pH. The relationship of sex, age, body mass index (BMI), disease course, peripheral blood eosinophils count, IgE, Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, hiatus hernia of patients with GERD was analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results:In GERD group 124 were males and 78 were females with a mean age of (6.4±4.1) years (2 months to 16.75 years), and in non-GERD group 82 were males and 86 were females with a mean age of (8.0±3.5) years (10 months to 15.17 years). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex( OR=0.600,95% CI:0.396-0.908, P=0.016), age ( OR=0.537,95% CI:0.412-0.699, P<0.001)and hiatus hernia( OR=7.433,95% CI:2.567-21.520, P<0.001)were significantly associated with GERD of the children. Multivariate analysis showed that hiatus hernia ( OR=4.023,95% CI:1.298-12.470, P=0.016) was the independent risk factor, while male gender ( OR=0.567,95% CI:0.367-0.874, P=0.010) and younger age ( OR=0.613, 95%CI:0.459-0.819, P=0.001 ) were related factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children. Conclusion:Sex, age, and hiatal hernia are factors related to GERD in children.