Objective To evaluate the efficacy of potassium sodium dehydroandroan drographolide succinate (PSDS) combined with routine therapy for rotavirus enteritis in children.MethodsA total of 148 children with rotavirus enteritis were included and divided into an observation group and a control group by random number table method, 74 in each group. The children in the observation group were treated with intravenous PSDS combined with routine therapy, and those in the control group with intravenous ribavirin combined with routine therapy. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) were determined using standard clinical laboratory procedures. The clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results The total efficacy rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (91.9%vs. 78.4%;χ2=2.314,P<0.05). After the treatment, the serum levels of IL-6 (18.24 ± 3.62 ng/mlvs. 25.36 ± 5.25 ng/ml; t=2.425,P<0.05) and TNF-α (20.86 ± 4.28 ng/mlvs. 31.22 ± 7.15 ng/ml;t=2.503,P<0.05), and the plasma levels of LDH (104.25 ± 22.06 U/Lvs. 150.26 ± 37.22 U/L;t=2.316,P<0.05), CK (84.25 ± 13.57 U/Lvs. 107.88 ± 16.28 U/L;t=2.327,P<0.05) and CK-MB (22.30 ± 4.24 U/Lvs. 32.26 ± 7.14 U/L;t=2.426,P<0.05) in the observation group was significantly lower than those in the control group. The time to diarrhea resolution (2.42 ± 0.53 dvs.3.56 ± 0.78 d;t=2.316,P<0.05) and the time to fever resolution(2.11 ± 0.32 dvs.2.63 ± 0.43 d;t=2.472,P<0.05) in the observation group were significantly delayed than those in the control group, and the hospital length of stay longer (6.23 ± 1.42 dvs. 4.35 ± 0.96 d;t=2.413,P<0.05).Conclusions PSDS combined with routine therapy may reduce inflammatory response, protect from myocardial injury, and promote recovery in children with RVE.

The automatic nervous system(ANS) has 2 main branches:the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.The ANS controls mainly automatic bodily functions that are engaged in homeostasis.Autonomic dysfunction lead to many diseases,for example,orthostatic intolerance etc.The relationship between vitamin D and cardiovascular disease has becomes the focus of study gradually in recent years.1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D participates in the regulation of renin-angiotensin axis,vascular effects.Vitamin D deficiency triggers secondary hyperparathyroidism,promotes the development of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia which can influence the incidence and prognosis of cardiovascular disease as well.The study confirmed that vitamin D deficiency is one of the risk factors of cardiac autonomic dysfunction diseases such as orthostatic intolerance.The mechanism is still not very clear.Supplement of vitamin D can offer an effective method to decrease cardiovascular disease risk in populations with low vitamin D status.

Recently,commercialized infant body plethysmography has been widely used in clinic and re-search,especially with the publication of recommendation for this equipment and methodology. As the most valu-able equipment in measuring airway resistance and lung volume,infant body plethysmography can show series of valuable data on lung function,which is important in assessing pulmonary growth and development,evaluating respiratory mechanics and helping diagnose disease. However,the application of infant body plethysmography in clinic and physiology measurements is still limited by the effectivity of this equipment and appropriate reference values. This review is to introduce body plethysmography in infants,describe frequently-used data of lung func-tion,and discuss its potential clinical significance and availability of reference values.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic mechanisms for differentiated thyroid cancer by using CIK and IL-2, to find out the better adjunctive clinical therapies for thyroid cancer patients after operation, and to evaluate the effects of cytokine-induced kill cell (CIK) and IL-2 on the secretion of thyroxine by thyroid papillary carcinoma. Methods The samples of thyroid papillary carcinoma were taken from the excised tissues of patient with thyroid cancer, and then dispersed with collagenase and trypsin for culturing. The carcinoma cells were then seeded in 24-well cell culture plates at 37℃, 5% CO2 and 95% humidity for 3 days. At the fourth day, the cells in the wells were separately stimulated four times with different dosage of CIK and IL-2, and the stimulation lasted for 72 hours each time. 12 days later, the solution of T3, T4 was detected with radio-immunity kits, TSH was detected with immuno-radiation kits, and the cell proliferation was detected with mono-nuclear cell direct cytotoxicity assay. Results The thyroid cancer cells did not respond to IL-2 in median and low concentrations, but responded to IL-2 in a higher concentration which may depress the secretary function of thyroid cancer cells. IL-2 of high concentrations can obviously decrease the hormone secretion, such as Thyroxine and Thyrotropin, of papillary carcinoma, and improve the CIK's ability of killing cancer. CIK can kill the cancer cells only when companied with IL-2. Conclusion IL-2 of high concentrations can't inhibit the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells, but can depress the secretary function of thyroid cancer cells, which is different from the killing mechanism of CIK.

Objective To develop a willpower scale for Chinese civil pilots.Methods 695 civil aviation pilots were collected by stratified random sampling based method on different positions.Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to analyzed the data and tested the reliability and validity of scale.Results The scale consisted of 16 items and 4 dimensions (pressure resistance,self-control,insist and decisiveness).4 dimensions explained 59.978% of the total variance.The Cronbach's α coefficient of full scale was 0.800,and the Cronbach's α coefficient of each factors were from 0.715 to 0.783.Coefficient of stability of the scale was beyond 0.805 (P<0.01).The correlation coefficient among each dimensions were from 0.050 to 0.366 (P<0.01),and the coefficient between each dimensions and the total score were from 0.565 to 0.699(P<0.01) and criterion validity of the questionnaire was 0.655 (P<0.01).Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fitting effect of the four factors model was optimal (GFI=0.909,IFI=0.948,TLI=0.934,CFI=0.946,RMSEA=0.054).Conclusion The scale meets the requirements of psychological surveying,and it can be used as an effective tool for willpower of Chinese civil pilots.

Objective To study the relationship between Miao drum and hypertension in the Miao women of the countryside . Methods A survey of blood pressure measurement and questionnaire investigation were conducted among 1 069 Miao females ,by using cluster multistage sampling in countryside of Hunan ,Hubei ,Chongqing ,and Guizhou .A case-control analysis for 226 cases with new diagnosed hypertension and 226 controls with normal blood pressure .Results Among 1 069 sample ,the standardized prevalence rate of hypertemion was 24 .5% .There were significant differences in the prevalence rates of hypertension between the different age groups(χ2 =174 .46 ,P<0 .01) .The single factor logistic regression analysis(OR=0 .383 ,95% CI:0 .262-0 .558)and multi-conditional logistic regression analysis(OR=0 .379 ,95% CI:0 .255-0 .565)showed that Miao drum was probably protective factor for hypertension in the Miao women of the countryside .Conclusion Miao drum was probably protective factor for hyperten-sion in the Miao women of the countryside in Hunan ,Hubei ,Chongqing ,and Guizhou .Long-term adherence to participate in miao drum exercise may prevent high blood pressure .

Objective : To investigate the prevalence of occupational injury and identify its influencing factors among workers in a steel enterprise in Gansu Province, so as to provide insights into prevention of occupational injury among steel workers. Methods: Workers were sampled from a steel enterprise in Gansu Province using a cluster sampling method from January to March 2022, and participants' demographics, occupational history and occupational injury were collected using questionnaire surveys. The type of job and site and type of injury were analyzed among workers with occupational injuries, and factors affecting workers' occupational injuries were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 12 089 questionnaires were allocated and 10 725 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 88.71%. The respondents included 9 412 males (87.77%) and 1 312 females (12.23%), and had a median age of 36.00 (interquartile range, 15.00) years. Junior college and above was the predominant educational level (6 056 workers, 56.47%), and the respondents had a median length of service of 10 (interquartile range, 11) years. The prevalence of occupational injury was 5.25% among respondents. Overhaul worker was the main type of job (11.90%), and object strike was the predominant type of occupational injury (18.25%), while the lower limb was the predominant site of injury (27.82%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified men (OR=2.464, 95%CI: 1.580-3.843), age (30 to 39 years, OR=2.561, 95%CI: 1.643-3.993; 40 to 49 years, OR=5.197, 95%CI: 2.679-10.079; 50 years and older, OR=10.620, 95%CI: 6.788-16.615), exposure to high temperature (OR=1.400, 95%CI: 1.165-1.683), operating equipment failure (OR=1.291, 95%CI: 1.048-1.591), absence of personal safety protection equipment (OR=1.555, 95%CI: 1.064-2.273) and safety behavior scores (OR=0.967, 95%CI: 0.937-0.996) as factors affecting occupational injuries among workers in a steel enterprise. Conclusions Men and overhaul workers are at a high risk of occupational injuries in this steel enterprise. Objectstrike is the predominant type of injury and lower limb is the main site of injury. The risk of occupational injuries is affected by gender, age, working environments, equipment status and safety behaviors.

Objective: To investigate the incidence trend of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in Yantian District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province from 2008 to 2022, and the effects of age, period, and cohort on STDs incidence, so as to provide the basis for formulating control measures for STDs. Methods: Data of reported STDs cases (syphilis, gonorrhea, genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections, condyloma acuminatum and genital herpes) among population aged 15 to 64 years in Yantian District from 2008 to 2022 were collected through the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System. The temporal and population distribution of STDs were descriptively analyzed. Trends in incidence of STDs were analyzed using average annual percent change (AAPC). Impacts of age, period and cohort on the incidence of STDs were analyzed by an age-period-cohort model. Results: A total of 6 156 cases of STDs aged 15 to 64 years were reported from 2008 to 2022, and the average annual incidence was 229.92/105. The overall incidence showed an upward trend (AAPC=2.409%, P<0.05), and an upward trend among females (AAPC=5.846%, P<0.05), but the trend was not statistically significant among males (AAPC=0.193%, P>0.05). The incidence of STDs showed an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend with the increase of age. The incidence trend among males was consistent with the overall population, reaching its peak in the age group of 30 to 34 years (371.04/105), while the incidence among females showed an increasing trend with the increase of age, peaking in the age group of 60 to 64 years (442.15/105). Compared with 2013-2017, the incidence risk of STDs showed an increasing trend in 2018-2022 (RR=1.349, 95%CI: 1.217-1.495). Compared with the birth cohort of 1975-1979, the incidence risk of STDs in 1980-2005 birth cohort showed an increasing trend, with the highest incidence risk in 2000-2004 birth cohort (RR=4.178, 95%CI: 2.717-6.423). Conclusions The overall incidence of STDs among residents aged 15 to 64 years in Yantian District from 2008 to 2022 appeared a tendency towards a rise. Age, period and cohort all had impacts on the incidence, with a greater effect among females than males.

Objective To investigate outcomes of different surgical approaches for treating cases of fracture and dislocation of the lower cervical spine.Methods The study involved 26 cases of fracture and dislocation of the lower cervical spine treated surgically from December 2002 to January 2012,including 19 males and 7 females with age ranging from 27 to 62 years (average 39 years).According to the AO classification,there were 12 cases of type B3.1,three of type B3.2,two of type C2.1,three of type C3.1,and six of type C3.2.Preoperative spinal cord function graded by Frankel criteria was six cases of grade A,five of grade B,seven of grade C,six of grade D,and two of grade E.Conventional skull traction was done for all patients before operation.Vertebral cannal decompression and interbody fusion through anterior,posterior or anterior-posterior approaches were determined according to type of fracture dislocation and severity of spinal cord injury.Radiography was performed regularly after operation to review the correction of dislocation,restoration of vertebral height,and interbody fusion.Spinal cord function was also evaluated postoperatively.Results No large blood vessel injury or aggravation of spinal cord injury occurred intraoperatively.There were no complications of incision infection,leakage of cerebrospinal fluid,herniation of bone graft or implant breakage postoperatively.All cases obtained successful correction of fracture and dislocation of the lower cervical spine as well as the recovery of cervical sequence,physiological curvature,and vertebral height in the 12 to 24 months of follow-up (average 16 months).Bony fusion was obtained for all cases at postoperative 3-6 months (average 3.5 months).Spinal function evaluated by Frankel criteria at the latest follow-up showed was grade A in six cases,grade B in three,grade C in five,grade D in five and grade E in seven,with different degree of improvement for all cases.Conclusions Operative approaches should be selected according to the specific status of fracture and dislocation of the lower cervical spine.Anterior approach can be performed for vertebral or intervertebral disc injury straightly and the procedure handles cervical instability immediately.Posterior surgical approach can be used to settle dislocation and interlocking of the articular process directly,but the intervertebral disc injury should be ruled out simultaneously in order to avoid further injury of spinal cord during the reduction process.Combined anterior and posterior surgical approach can be applied to treat fracture and dislocation of lower cervical spine and intervertebral disc injury concurrently but has high risk and large operation wound.

Objective To explore the lowest and most effective dose of dezocine in preventing postoperative pain after painless artificial abortion.Methods A total of 180 ASA Ⅰ ～ Ⅱ patients who accepted painless artificial abortion were randomly divided into 6 groups (n =30 patients per group).Group 1 (control) was given the placebo (0.9％ NS; 2 ml) by vein while other groups were given dezocine by vein with 0.01 mg/kg (group 2),0.02 mg/kg (group 3),0.03 mg/kg (group 4),0.04 mg/kg (group 5),and 0.05 mg/kg (group 6),respectively.The dosage of propofol,BP,HR,SpO2 during the operation,operation time,consciousness recovery time,analgesic effect (VAS score),leaving time,defecation feeling,and untoward reaction of each group were recorded and compared.Results The dosage of propofol in the 5 dezocine groups were significantly lower than that in the control group,respectively (t =2.38,4.72,6.03,4.57,3.96,P ＜ 0.05),while the difference in the operation time,consciousness recovery time and leaving time between the 5 dezocine groups and the control group had not statistical significance (P ＞0.05).The effect of postoperative analgesia and defecation feeling were apparently improved in the group 3,4,5 and 6,compared to the control group(group 3:x2 =3.36,6.94,P ＜ 0.05;group 4:x2 =7.17,15.01,P ＜ 0.05 ; group 5:x2 =15.5,24.3,P ＜ 0.01 ; group 6:x2 =13.01,20.24,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The lowest and most effective dose of dezocine was 0.05 mg/kg in preventing postoperative pain after painless artificial abortion.