Objective To investigate operative methods and indications for the surgical repair of hypospadias. Methods Clinical data of 91 cases of hypospadias repaired in this hospital between 1997 and 2003 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Postoperative urethral fistula took place in 15 cases, with an overall incidence of 16 5% (15/91), including 6 cases treated by Duckett procedure, 4 cases treated by Duckett combined with Duplay procedure, 1 case treated by Mathieu procedure, 2 cases treated by scrotal island flap procedure (Onlay procedure), 1 case treated by Denis-Browne procedure, and 1 case treated by Snod-grass procedure. Conclusions For patients with hypospadias associated with serious chordee, because the urethral plate can not be preserved, adaptable methods should include scrotal island flap procedure, Duckett procedure, or Duckett procedure combined with Duplay procedure. Urethral plate conserving operations are suitable for hypospadias without chordee or with mild chordee, involving the Mathieu procedure, Onlay procedure, Snod-grass procedure and Denis-Browne procedure.

Objective To study physiological foundation of acupunctureDeqi.Methods 28 healthy volunteers who never experienced acupuncture were recruited. The right Zusanli (ST36) and a site 1.5 cm beside Zusanli (ST36) (nominated as A) were acupunctured at different time. Shallow and deep acupuncturing was inserted at Zusanli (ST36). Only deep acupuncturing was inserted at A. Hemodynamic parameters of the anterior tibial artery including the peak value in the systolic phase (Vmax), the average blood flow velocity (Vm), and the inner diameter of vessels (Dist) were observed with colored Doppler ultrasound before, at the end of acupuncture, and 3 min afterDeqi response. Results There was significant difference in those parameters between before acupuncture and 3 min after deqi response when deep acupuncturing at Zusanli (ST36) (P＜0.05), but was not significant difference when shallow acupuncturing (P＞0.05). There was significant difference in ΔVmax and ΔVm between acupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) and A points (P＜0.05). Conclusion Arterial haemodynamics variation seems to be associated with acupunctureDeqi.

BACKGROUND: The expression of Fas antigen and P53 protein in colorectal cancer could reflect the biological character and the prognosis of the tumor.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the expression of Fas antigen and P53 protein in coloreetal cancer and the tumor-related biological characters.DESIGN: A controlled experiment by introducing pathological specimens as subjects.SETTING: The study was conducted in the Department of Pathology of Xijing Hospital Affiliated with the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANT S: Totally 32 pathological specimens of colorectal cancer were randomly selected from the Department of Surgery of Xijing Hospital between January 1995 and October 1998. Sixteen normal large intestine tissues were selected form the cadaver of pathology department.METHODS: The expression of Fas antigen and P53 protein in 32 colorectal cancer tissue and 16 normal intestine tissue were tested and compared with immunohistochemical method.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Fas antigen and P53 protein expression in coloreetal cancer and normal intestine, and the clinical indicators of patients with colorectal cancer.RESULTS: The expression of Fas antigen was positive in normal large intestine tissue while the expression of P53 protein was negative. The positive rate of Fas antigen expression in colorectal cancer was 41% (13/32), while the positive rate of P53 expression in colorectal caner was 53% (17/32). Fas antigen significantly decreased in colorectal cancer tissues. The expression of Fas antigen was correlated with the histological type of colorectal cancer and its liver metastasis( P ＜ 0.05) . And the expression of P53 protein was correlated with the liver metastasis of colorectal cancer( P ＜ 0. 05).CONCLUSION: The expression of Fas antigen significantly decreases in colorectal cancer. The higher the malignance is, the more significant less the expression is. Fas antigen does not express in liver metastasis patients. P53protein had positive expression in colorectal cancer tissues, especially in patients with liver metastasis. The reduction and deletion of Fas antigen expression and the excessive expression of P53 protein indicate poor prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the long-term efficacy of oral appliance treating of obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in different periods of treatment.Methods:A total of 55 patients were included in the study.Patients were all diagnosed with OSAHS by overnight polysomnography and all received oral appliance (OA) as the therapy.The OA positioned the mandible at 60％-70％ of the maximal mandible advancement position and created a 4-5 mm incisor separation.The patients were instructed to wear the appliance during sleep,6-8 hours per day,for 5-7 days per week.They were divided into four groups by the period of treatment,including less than 1 year group;1-2 years group;2-6 years group and 6-9 years group.The polysomnographic study was used to investigate the efficacy of the four groups.The outcome measures included the score on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI),the longest apnea time and the lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO2) levels during an overnight sleep.Results:The AHI decreased significantly in all the four groups.The less than 1 year group decreased from 24.50 (14.65,54.05) to 7.40 (2.12,10.00) events/h (P ＜ 0.001);The 1-2 years group decreased from 19.50 (12.15,39.23) to 1.80 (0.70,6.58) events/h (P =0.001);The 2-6 years group decreased from 25.00 (11.41,42.60) to 4.50 (1.35,7.90) events/h (P =0.001);The 6-9 years group decreased from 26.2 (16.95,47.45) to 4.00 (1.90,26.70) events/h (P =0.043).The longest apnea decreased significantly in less than 1 year group,1-2 years group and 2-6 years group.The longest apnea decreased from 57.00 (37.70,61.50) to 25.00 (15.90,33.50)seconds (P＜0.001) in the less than 1 year group,from 41.00 (25.50,62.26) to 13.10 (0.00,22.10) seconds (P =0.001) in the 1-2 year group and from 42.50 (30.35,58.15) to 15.60 (0.00,28.10) seconds (P =0.003) in the 2-6 year group.The LSaO2 levels increased significantly in the less than 1 year group and 2-6 years group.The LSaO2 levels rose significantly in the less than 1 year group,from 74.18％ ±7.96％ to 84.06％ ±7.67％ (P =0.001),and in the 2-6 years group,from 76.71％ ± 10.98％ to 84.06％ ±4.64％ (P =0.006),The LSaO2 levels did not increase significantly in the 1-2 years and 6-9 years groups.Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the AHI,longest apnea time and LSaO2 in 4 the groups.Conclusion:The oral appliance is an effective therapy for patients with OSAHS in the long-term treatment.However,it's recommended to make appointments with patients as a follow-up supervision whether there is any efficacy decrease.And the oral appliance should be replaced if necessary.

Disease bio-banks are an important strategic resource for medicine development. Such a bank with complete information and high information sharing enhances the competitiveness of medicine and promote the development of translational medicine. The present development of such banks is found with such setbacks as weak government leadership and standardization, as well as lack of a sharing mechanism. Therefore medical institutions should strengthen their standardization and informationization of disease bio-banks, which deserve sufficient government policy support and guidance. These efforts will help preserve our rich clinical resources, in addition to their integration and sharing for medicine advancement.

As the capital WaS invested increasingly to key disciplines,the university regarded the performance.Strengthening the evaluation on performance will help to the development of the disciplines.The omni directional performance evaluation iS a mode of all orientation.which will help the performance evaluation of disciplines go on well.At the same time.it should be paid attention to the design of the evaluation index,and the selection of the persons ioining in the evaluation team and the time of the evaluation.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the anti-aging effects and reveal the underlying mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi ethanol extract (SBG) in D-galactose-induced rats. Fifty rats were randomly divided into five groups: vehicle control group, D-galactose group, and D-galactose combined with 50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1) SBG. A rat aging model was induced by injecting subcutaneously D-galactose (100 mg x kg(-1)) for ten weeks. At the tenth week, the locomotor activity (in open-field test) and the learning and memory abilities (in Morris water maze test) were examined respectively. The urine was collected using metabolic cages and analyzed by high-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistical analyses. The SBG at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg x kg(-1) treatments groups could significantly ameliorate aging process in rats' cognitive performance. The 50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1) SBG regulated citrate, pyruvate, lactate, trimethylamine (TMA), pantothenate, β-hydroxybutyrate in urine favorably toward the control group. These biochemical changes are related to the disturbance in energy metabolism, glycometabolism and microbiome metabolism, which is helpful to further understanding the D-galactose induced aging rats and the therapeutic mechanism of SBG.

Objective To study the expression of E-cadherin( E-cad), p-catenin(β-cat) in labial salivary glands of patients with primary Sj(o)gren's syndrome (pSS) in order to explore their role in pathogenesis. Methods Biopsies of labial salivary glands were obtained from 52 patients with pSS and 30 healthy controls. The immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of E-cad and β-cat. Anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibodies were measured. Semi-quantitative analysis was performed by image analysis software. Ultra-structural changes was used by electron-microscopic techniques. Results ① The area of expression, optical intensity and the accumulated optical intensity of the E-cad group [(2513±1086) μm2, 0.212±0.041, 566 ±297 ] were lower than normal controls. The expression level was reduced as the increase of lymphocyte infiltration focus. ② The area of expression, the optical density and the accumulated optical density of the β- cat group [(12 324±7883) μm2, 0.113±0.031, 566±297] was lower than those of the control group. The expression level was reduced as the increase of the lymphocyte infiltration focus. ③ The E-cad expression and the p-cat expression was positively correlated in the labial gland of patients with pSS. ④ Howev-er, there was difference in the expression of E -cad and β -cat between patients with positive SSA and negative SSA antibodies. Conclusion In salivary samples, the expression of both E-cad and p-cat in patients with pSS is lower than those of the controls. Anti-SSA/SSB antibodies are important parameters of pSS and they may be involved in the pathogenesis of pSS.

Objective? To explore the current status of feeding interruption of early enteral nutrition among critical patients and its related factors. Methods? From June 2017 to March 2018, we selected critical patients with early enteral nutrition at a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Nanjing by convenience sampling. We recorded the enteral nutrition intake of patients within one week. All of the patients were divided into three groups based on the total time of feeding interruption including group A (＜4 hours), group B (4 to 24 hours) and group C (＞24 hours). The general information, calorie and prognostic factors of patients in three groups were compared and the related factors of feeding interruption time were analyzed with the multiple linear regression. Results? A total of 198 patients were enrolled including 108 of them in group A, 56 in group B and 34 in group C. There was a statistical difference in the completion rate of actual calorie in three groups (P＜ 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the feeding interruption time of enteral nutrition were positively correlated with the disease severity, hospitalization expense and target calorie (P＜0.05). Conclusions? The incidence of feeding interruption is high in critical patients with enteral nutrition. The longer the interruption time is, the higher the risk of caloric inadequacy. At present, there is no standardized feeding strategy which needs to explore the best intervention by clinical researches so as to solve the problem of feeding interruption among critical patients.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a primary cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease, as well as one of the most common microvascular consequences of diabetes mellitus. Obesity, as a metabolic disease, has a substantial impact on the onset and progression of DKD. Epidemiological studies have revealed obesity is a risk factor of DKD and end-stage renal disease, which can promote the occurrence and progression of DKD through various mechanisms, including alterations in hemodynamics, metabolic regulation, and chronic inflammation. Clinical researches also have demonstrated the importance of various weight loss interventions in the prevention and management of DKD. Therefore, gaining a deeper understanding of the correlation between obesity and DKD will contribute to improving the prognosis and quality of life of individuals with diabetes mellitus. The paper reviews the relationship between obesity and DKD on the epidemiological characteristics of obesity and DKD, the potential mechanism of obesity affecting DKD and the influence of obesity intervention on DKD.