Objective To observe the influence of individualized health eduction on the metabolic index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and thus explore the effective measures of altering life style of patients.Methods The health education plan was made by nurses specialized in diabetes mellitus in 58 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a manner of one nurse to one patient.Metabolic indexes such as BMI,FPG,2hPG and HbAlc were observed after the execution of the plan.Results BMI,FPG,2hPG and HbAlc were all loweled 6 months and 12 months after the execution of the plan compared with those baseline values of these indexes,and more than 90％ patients could persist in the dietary and physical treatment.Conclusions Individualized health education can alter the metabofic indexes of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus better.The way of one to one can enhance the effectiveness of the education,make the patients culture good life style by themselves and thus delay the occurrence and development of chronic complications associated with diabetes mellitus.

The transcranial doppler ultrasonography (TCD) is a non-invasive detection methods of evaluating intracranial artery.Since the 1980s,TCD has been extensively used in various fields of clinical work.Because of its simple operation,good repeatability,and the continuous bedside observation of patients,TCD is especially suitable for severe patients.Increased intracranial pressure is one of the important reasons for the deadly disease in children,it can make the cerebral blood flow perfusion decreased,causing serious consequences,such as brain dysfunction,so intracranial pressure monitoring has important clinical significance.TCD as a noninvasive monitoring tool,can monitor the patients with increased intracranial pressure dynamically,according to the blood flow velocity,the related parameters and the wave of cerebral hemodynamics,so as to achieve the purpose of monitoring intracranial pressure change.This article focused on the TCD application progress in several common children's diseases of increased intracranial pressure.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristic of ocular fundus complications in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods In 25 cases of SLE with the ocular fundus complications, the ocular fundus, the other ocular tissues, general lesions,and antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-double-stranded DNA(anti-dsDNA), complement 3 (C 3), complement 4 (C 4)and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) were analyzed retrospectively. Results In the 25 cases, "classic" SLE retinopathy in 15 (25 eyes), retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in 9 (12 eyes), RVO combined with retinal artery occlusion in 1 (2 eyes), exudative retinal detachment in 1 (2 eyes), vitreous hemorrhage combined with neovascular glaucoma in 1 (1 eye), and optic disc edema except RVO in 3 (6 eyes) were found. Nine cases accompanied with other ocular signs and 21 with general lesions. Positive ANA and anti-dsDNA and elevated ESR in all of the patients, decreasing C 3 in 19, and C 4 in 17 were found. Conclusions SLE can cause serious ocular fundus complications accompanied with other ocular signs. Regular ophthalmic examination should be performed on the patients with SLE to detect and treat the ocular complications promptly.

Guanylin family, described in recent 10 years, is a series of small peptides (including guanylin, uroguanylin and lymphoguanylin) with structural and functional similarities to heat-stable enterotoxins (STs) elaborated by various pathogenic bacteria. They are abundance of cysteines and are endogenous activators of guanylyl cyclase-C (GC-C) receptors. Immunoreactive guanylin family peptides are localized in many human organs and tissues, especially in gastrointestinal tract and kidney, and play an important role in regulation of water and salt homeostasis. Recent studies showed that the mRNA levels of guanylin family peptides were down-regulated in colorectal cancers; oral intake of uroguanylin might suppress polyp formation in Apc(Min/+) mouse, and ~(111)In-labeled-ST peptide analog might specifically target human colon cancers. These evidences highlight that guanylin family may have a potential application in diagnosis and therapy effects of colorectal cancers.

50 mm/h were detected in all the patients. Decreasing C 3 in 6 patients and C 4 in 5 were found. Conclusions SLE is one of the general conditions causing retinal vein occlusion. Visual acuity and barrier of retinal vein and capillary are damaged seriously in patients with retinal vein occlusion caused by SLE, which may be accompanied with other ocular or general lesions. It is suggested that retinal vein occlusion is relative with SLE activity.

Objective To understand the dietary intake of pregnant women, and try to give a reasonable sug-gestion to promote fetal development. Methods 400 pregnant women in Fushan city were enrolled in this study and their dietary intake were investigated, then the software of Analysis of pregnancy nutrition guidance system was used to make nutrition analysis. Results The ratio of the energy in each pregnancy provided by dietary protein, carbohy-drate and fat were relatively appropriate. But the intake of dietary calcium, ferrum, zinc, vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 in early pregnancy were very low, the intake were respectively 764.51 mg, 26.94 mg, 15.71 mg, 1.12 g, 1.13 g. Each pregnancy the ratio of high-quallty protein in total protein intake were more than 50%, an average protein RNI% was 48.50%. Conclusion The dietary style of pregnant women is relatively reasonable. But they should strengthened nutritional guide to intake more calciuro,ferrum, zinc,vitamin B1 and vitamin B2.

Objective:To explore the roles of insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) in diabetic reti nopathy.Methods:The serum levels of IGF-1 and TNF-? in 127 cases of type 2 diabetic patients (DM group) and 36 cases of health control (control group) were detected by ELISA method. Results: (1)The serum level of IGF-1 in DM group were lower than that in control group(P

ObjectiveTo comprehend the similarities and differences of postoperative quality of life between mastectomie avec dissection axillaire and modified radical mastectomy among patients with breast cancer,and in order to supply references for establishing corresponding nursing measures. Methods160patients with early breast cancer were selected,40 patients accepted the mastectomie avec dissection axillaire (the conservative group)and 120 patients accepted modified radical mastectomy (the radical group).The quality of life of patients was surveyed with questionnaires. ResultsThe EORTC QLQ-C30 score of the conservative group was not significant than the radical group.The EORTC QLQ-BR 23 score showed that the conservative group had a better self-evaluation of their configuration. ConclusionsThe patients who accepted the mastectomie avec dissection axillaire will live a better life than those who accepted modified radical mastectomy.

Objective To evaluate the intraoperative opioid?sparing effect of different duration transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation ( TEAS ) in video?assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy. Methods Seventy?five patients, aged 18-64 yr, weighing 40-96 kg, of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, scheduled for elective video?assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy under general anesthesia, were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=25 each) using a random number table: control group (group C), 30 min of stimulation before induction of anesthesia group ( group B) , and stimulation throughout surgery ( group T) . In group B, the patients received TEAS ( frequency 2∕100 Hz ) on acupoints Xinshu ( BL15 ) , Feishu (BL13), Neiguan (PC6), Hegu (LI4) on the operated side starting from 30 min before induction of anesthesia until the beginning of induction, and the intensity was the maximum current that could be tolerated. The intensity for Neiguan ( PC6) and Hegu ( LI4) was 6-12 mA, and for Xinshu ( BL15) and Feishu ( BL13 ) was 9-18 mA. In group T, the patients received TEAS on the four acupoints mentioned above starting from 30 min before induction of anesthesia until the end of surgery. The patients had the electrodes applied, but received no stimulation in group C. After anesthesia was induced with propofol?sufentanil?cisatracurium, double lumen endotracheal tube was inserted. Propofol was given by target?controlled infusion to maintain BIS value within the range of 40-60. Cisatracurium was infused continuously to facilitate muscle relaxation. The infusion rate of remifentanil was adjusted to maintain analgesia nociception index value within the range of 50-70. The intraoperative consumption of remifentanil ( the intraoperative consumption of sufentanil was converted to the consumption of remifentanil producing the equivalent effect by 1∶ 10) was recorded. Results Compared with group C, the intraoperative consumption of remifentanil was significantly decreased in B and T groups. The intraoperative consumption of remifentanil was significantly lower in group T than in group B. Conclusion TEAS on Xinshu ( BL15 ) , Feishu (BL13), Neiguan ( PC6) and Hegu acupoints throughout surgery and for 30 min before induction of anesthesia significantly reduces intraoperative opioid consumption in the patients undergoing video?assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy, while TEAS throughout surgery provides better effect.

Objective To assess the sleep disturbance in patients with early-stage idiopathic Parkinson's disease of different clinical subgroups. Methods Four hundred and eighty-six Chinese PD patients were selected as our subjects. Their clinical data including demographics,a broad spectrum of motor variables and non motor features,including tremor,rigidity,hypokinesia,PIGD,motor phenotypes,disease progression,fatigue, constipation,apathy,depression,global cognitive function and L-dopa complications were collected and analyzed by cluster analysis. The PD subtypes were classified by using k-means cluster analysis according to the clinical data. The cluster analysis indicated four main subtypes:subtype 1 was mildly affected in all domains;subtype 2 was severely affected on all motor and non motor symptoms;subtype 3 showed intermediate severity in most domains;subtype 4 characterized by short disease duration and rapid disease progression. Then compared the sleep disturbance among different subtypes with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index( PSQI). Results Two hundred and thirty-six cases(48. 6%)were identified as suffering from sleep disturbance. Of which,female PD with sleep disturbance rate was 55. 1%( 130/236 )and male was 44. 9%( 106/236 ). Female was prone to develop sleep disturbance at early stage than male. PSQI scores in subtype 1,2,3 and 4 were(6. 09 ± 3. 72),(9. 36 ± 4. 24), (7. 82 ±4. 35)and(9. 09 ± 4. 73)respectively and the difference was significant(F =14. 503,P =0. 000) . Conclusion Sleep disturbance occurs frequently in patients with early-stage Parkinson's disease and exist clinical heterogeneity.