Objectives To investigate the possible role of perforin (PFN) in the pathogenesis of severe preeclampsia.Methods Thirty-two cases of severe preeclampsia were included in the study.Thirtytwo cases of normal pregnancy were selected as control group in random.The expression of PFN mRNA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was detected by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, and its correlation with mean arterial pressure was analyzed in severe preeclamptic patients.The expression of PFN protein in the decidua was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results ( 1 ) The expression of PFN mRNA in PBMC:the PFN mRNA level in severe preeclamptic group was 1.19 ± 0.31, and that in normal pregnancy group is 0.82 ± 0.28.The PFN mRNA level in severe preeclamptic group was significantly higher than that of control group (P ＜ 0.0l ).(2)Correlation analysis:the mean blood pressure in severe preeclampsia group was (133 ±5) mm Hg( 1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa).There was significant positive correlation between level of PFN mRNA in PBMC and mean blood pressure in severe preeclamptic patients ( r = 0.701, P = 0.000).(3)Decidual PFN protein expression:PFN protein was mainly expressed in lymphocytes and the cytoplasm of decidual stromal cells.The positive ratio of PFN in the decidua of severe preeclamptic patients was 84% ( 27/32), significantly higher than that of control group (53%, 17/32, P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Expression of PFN was significantly increased in severe preeclampsia, and it was of significant positive correlation with mean blood pressure.PFN may participate in the pathogenesis of severe preeclampsia.

Objective To investigate the distribution of different Human papilloma virus(HPV) subtype infection of women cervixes in parts of Guizhou Province and the high risk factors of HPV infection,in order to offer some evidences for the use of vaccine of cervix eaneers in the region, and offer a group of reliable data for the screen-ing statistics of cervix eaneer in the world. Methods A total of 2339 women having sexual life were checked for 21 HPV genotypes by DNA flow-through hybridization technique and liquid-hased pap test(LPT) in their exfoliated cer-vical cells. Cervix tissues were taken in some HPV positive women and (or) LPT positive women among them for bi-opsy by the vaginoscope. The high risk factors of HPV infection and the distribution feature of HPV subtype infection in the different cervix diseases were anlayzed. Results The total positive rate of HPV infection was 30.31% (709/ 2339 ) in the 2339 women. There were 20 HPV subtypes to be detected. HPV subtype infection from high to low were HPVI6,52,18,58 and 11. The rates of HPV subtype infection were 9.87% (231/2339) ,5.64% ( 132/2339), 4.95% (116/2339 ) ,4.19% (98/2339)and 2.99 % (70/2339). The peak age of HPV infection ranged from 31 to 35 years old. The earlier the first sexual life,the higher HPV infeetion (tendeney X2 test,P <0.05). 366 CIN pa-tients and 181 patients of invasive cervix carcinoma( ICC)were diagnosed through pathology examination. The rate of HPV infection were 34.26% (74/216)in CIN Ⅰ ,77.78% (56/72)in CIN Ⅱ ,82.05% (64/78)in CIN Ⅲ. Among the 181 ICC,the rate of HPV infection was 84.52% (131/155)in squamous carcinoma of the cervix (SCC) and 38.46% (10/26) in adenocareinoma of uterine cervix (AUC). The infeetion rate of HPV16 was 61.83% ( 81/131 ) in the SCC of HPV positive. The infection rate of HPV18 was 60% (6/10)of the AUC of HPV positive. HPV16 was related closely with SCC ( X2 = 11. 948 ,P < 0.001 , ORSCC/AUC = 5. 946). There was no significant difference be-tween HPV 18 in SCC and AUC( P > 0.05). Conclusions The major HPV subtypes are 16,52,18,58 in Guizhou province. There is a close correlation between HPV infection and cervix diseases. HPV infection often occurs in young and middle-aged women. The first sexual life is a high factor of HPV infection. High risk HPV infecting would cause cervix cancer. CIN and cervix cancers are caused by high risk HPV infection. HPV16 is related closely with SCC. There is no significant difference between HPV18 in SCC and AUC. HPV16/18 vaccine could be considered to re-duce the incidence of cervical carcinoma in Guizhou province.

Objective To assess and compare the overall diagnostic value of positron emission tomography(PET)-CT and DWI in lymph node staging in patients with prostate cancer by using Meta-analysis.Methods Relevant English articles published on PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library and SCI database were searched.Subsequently,the characteristics of the included articles were appraised and extracted.Statistical analysis was performed employing Meta Disc version 1.4.Heterogeneity of the included articles was tested,which was used to select proper effect model to calculate the pooled sensitivity and specificity and the corresponding 95％ CI,summary receiver operating characteristics(SROC) curve was performed and the area under the curve was calculated.The diagnostic performanceincluding the sensitivity,specificity,and the area under the curve was compared between the two groups via x2 test and Z test respectively.Results Eleven of 182 retrieved articles were included,in which 3 articles used two methods of imaging examination at the same time.In PET-CT group,there were eight articles using 11C-Choline as imaging agents,three with 18F-Fluorocholine.The pooled sensitivity and specificity and area under SROC curve for PET-CT were 0.64 (0.574.71),0.93 (0.90-0.96),and 0.8795 respectively.They were 0.59 (0.47-0.70),0.82 (0.70-0.91),and 0.7707 for DWI group.The specificity of PET-CT was significantly higher than that of DWI (x2=5.531,P＜0.05).No significant differences were found in the sensitivity and AUC between the two groups (x2=0.528,Z=1.699,P＞0.05).Conclusion For lymph node staging in patients with prostate cancer,PET-CT has an equal sensitivity and a higher specificity,a better diagnostic performance compared with DWI.

Nisin is a cationic antimicrobial peptide produced by some lactic acid bacteria. However, expression of nisin resistance protein (NSR) could confer nisin resistance on some non-nisin-producing Lactococcus lactis. To deeply elucidate molecular mechanism underlying NSR-mediated nisin resistance, an NSR mutant with N-terminal 38 amino acid residues deleted (NSR?38) was overexpressed in Escherichia coli by fusion with GST. Purified NSR?38 was obtained through glutathione (GSH) affinity chromatography followed by cleavage of GST tag. Putative proteolytic activity of NSR?38 was determined in vitro against nisin. Antimicrobial activity analysis revealed that nisin lost its bactericidal activity after incubation with NSR?38. Further reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis indicated that NSR?38 displayed proteolytic activity against nisin, thus inactivating the antimicrobial peptide. The current study paves the way for in-depth functional studies on NSR.

AIM: To establish the simultaneous determination of camphor,menthol,synthetic borneol and methyl salicylate in Shexiang Zhuanggu Plaster(Camphor,Mentholum,Borneolum Syntheticum,etc). by GC. METHODS: The sample solution was distilled in volatile oil determination apparatus.Naphthalene was used for the internal standard.The GC system consisted of capillary column,PEG-20M as the stationary phase,nitrogen as the carrier gas,FID as the detector.The programmed temperature-GC and internal standard method was employed to determine four kinds of components in Shexiang Zhuanggu Plaster. RESULTS: Camphor,menthol,synthetic borneol(borneol and isoborneol) and methyl salicylate in Shexiang Zhuanggu Plaster and naphthalene have been separated well under the same chromatographic condition.The average recovery of camphor,menthol,synthetic borneol and methyl salicylate were 96.92%(RSD=2.42%),98.03%(RSD=1.81%),99.02%(RSD=1.47%) and 98.15%(RSD=1.59%),respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is simple,accurate and separable,and can be used to control the quality of Shexiang Zhuanggu Plaster

Objective To explore the mutation of Y-STR loci in meiotic allelic transmission in a large pedigree. Methods The oral swabs of 163 male individuals were collected froma L in pedigree. Twenty-two Y-STR genetic markers were typed with AGCUY 24 fluorescent detection kit (AGCUY 24 sys-tem), which also contained 16 Y-STR markers included in Y filerTmmultiple amplification kit (Y filer system). The genotyping results of Y-STR loci were compared between each two males in the pedigree. Results There were 20 and 30 kinds of haplotypes obtained with Y filer and AGCUY 24 systems in 163 male individuals fromthe L in pedigree, respectively. The rates referred to haplotype differences (RRHD) of these two typing systems between male pairs were 0.910 5 and 0.922 7, respectively. The average number of marker differences were 6.582 1 and 9.824 8, respectively. The RRHDincreased along with the incidents of meiosis. Conclusion Y-STR mutation leads to different Y-STR haplotypes among the male members in a paternal pedigree and the rate of difference increases along with the incidents of meiosis.

OBJECTIVETo compare the vibration parameters in reducible anterior disc displacement and symptomless youth, and explore the clinical diagnostic value of frequency spectrogram of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sounds.

METHODS21 youth with anterior disc displacement were included as experimental group, and 26 symptomless youth were included as control group. The joint vibrations during rhythmic maximal open-close jaw movement of all subjects were recorded. The sensitivity and specificity of total integral in diagnosis of reducible anterior disc displacement were calculated.

RESULTSAll TMJ vibration parameters, include total integral, integral < 300 Hz, integral > 300 Hz, > 300/< 300 Hz radio, peak amplitude, peak frequency and median frequency, were significantly higher in experimental group than that in control group (P < 0.05). Along with the increasing of disc displacement degree, the TMJ vibration parameters were increasing, and total integral significantly increased (P < 0.05). The total integral demonstrated a high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of anterior disc displacement with reduction (0.86 and 0.85, respectively).

CONCLUSIONThe TMJ vibration parameters are significantly higher in youth with reducible anterior disc displacement than that in symptomless youth. Different pathological stages of disc displacement show different TMJ sounds.

Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sound ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; Vibration

BACKGROUND:Cartilage tissue engineering has been widely used to achieve cartilage regeneration in vitro and repair cartilage defects. Tissue-engineered cartilage mainly consists of chondrocytes, cartilage scaffold and in vitro environment. OBJECTIVE:To mimic the environment of articular cartilage development in vivo, in order to increase the bionic features of tissue-engineered cartilage scaffold and effectiveness of cartilage repair. METHODS: Knee joint chondrocytes were isolated from New Zealand white rabbits, 2 months old, and expanded in vitro. The chondrocytes at passage 2 were seeded onto a scaffold of articular cartilage extracelular matrix in the concentration of 1×106/L to prepare cel-scaffold composites. Cel-scaffold composites were cultivated in an Instron bioreactor with mechanical compression (1 Hz, 3 hours per day, 10% compression) as experimental group for 7, 14, 24, 28 days or cultured staticaly for 1 day as control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Morphological observations demonstrated that the thickness, elastic modulus and maximum load of the composite in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, which were positively related to time (P < 0.05). Histological staining showed the proliferation of chondrocytes, formation of cartilage lacuna and synthesis of proteoglycan in the experimental group through hematoxylin-eosin staining and safranin-O staining, which were increased gradualy with mechanical stimulation time. These results were consistent with the findings of proteoglycan kit. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that mRNA expressions of colagen type I and colagen type II were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group (P < 0.05). The experimental group showed the highest mRNA expression of colagen type I and colagen type II at 21 and 28 days of mechanical stimulation, respectively (P < 0.05). With the mechanical stimulation of bioreactor, the cel-scaffold composite can produce more extracelular matrix, such as colagen and proteoglycan, strengthen the mechanical properties to be more coincident with thein vivo environment of cartilage development, and increase the bionic features. With the progress of tissue engineering, the clinical bioregeneration of damaged cartilage wil be achieved.

Objective To investigate the changes of C- reactive protein( CRP ) and homocysteine ( Hcy)in the type 2 diabetes with depression,and its clinical significance and potential mechanism. Methods One hundred and twenty-four cases with type 2 diabetes were divided into the depression group(63 cases)and non-depression group( 61 cases ) according to the Self-Rating Depression Scale and verified by Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. The information including age,sex,education degree,body mass index,course of disease and the number of complications were recorded. The levels of CRP,Hcy,fasting plasma glucose( FPG ),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)and blood lipid were measured. The depression group was divided into mild,medium and heavy group to compared the changes of Hcy and CRP. Results The levels of Hcy,HbA1c and the number of complications in depression group were 11. 5( 8. 6,15. 6 )μmol/L,( 10. 13 ± 2. 17 )%,and 2( 1,3 ) respectively,higher than that of non-depression group(8. 6(7. 4,11. 2)μmol/L,(9. 33 ± 2. 20)%,1(0,2)), while the education degree of depression group((9. 75 ± 3. 36)years)was lower than that of non-depression group((11. 56 ± 3. 73)years),and the differences were significant( t/Z = -3. 537,0. 952,-2. 339,0. 228 respectively;P ﹤0. 05). The levels of Hcy in mild,medium and heavy depression group were(8. 75(7. 45, 10. 45)μmol/L,12. 2(8. 90,14. 40)μmol/L,19. 50(14. 33,28. 03)μmol/L respectively and the difference was significant(F =25. 963,P =0. 000). No significance difference was found in terms of CRP level(2. 35 (1. 10,4. 92)mg/L,3. 25(1. 11,5. 68)mg/L,2. 32(1. 27,5. 41)mg/L;F=0. 194,P=0. 907). There was significant correlation between depression scores and Hcy( r=0. 615,P=0. 000). Conclusion Type 2 diabetes with depression is associated with the level of blood glucose,education degree and the course of disease. Hcy,not CRP is an independent risk factor of type 2 diabetes with depression.

OBJECTIVETo explore the significance of multi-detector CT (MDCT) in differential diagnosis of papillary renal cell carcinoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.

METHODSClinical data of forty-one cases of renal cancers confirmed pathologically were collected, including 21 cases of papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) (14 type I, 7 type II) and 20 cases of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC). Their morphological and MDCT characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the value of MDCT in differential diagnosis of PRCC and ChRCC. Two senior radiologists analyzed the morphological and the dynamic enhancement characteristics of the images. The attenuation of the lesions and the adjacent renal parenchyma were measured. The morphological indexes were compared with chi-square test and the quantitative indexes were compared with independent sample T-test. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of diagnosis of PRCC and ChRCC.

RESULTSAngioid enhancement and filled enhancement were more common in ChRCC than in PRCC, while delayed enhancement was more often seen in PRCC than in ChRCC. Calcification was more common in type I than type II PRCC. The enhancement value (ΔCT value) in corticomedullary phase was (29.08 ± 20.12) Hu for PRCC, significantly lower than the (48.29 ± 26.70) Hu for ChRCC (t = -2.611, P = 0.013). The ΔCT value of type I PRCC in corticomedullary phase was (26.36 ± 18.16) Hu, showing a significant difference from that of ChRCC (t = -2.666, P = 0.012). The lesion to kidney ratio (LKR) in corticomedullary phase was 0.44 ± 0.19 for PRCC and 0.58 ± 0.15 for ChRCC, with a significant difference between them (t = -2.587, P = 0.014). The LKR of type I PRCC in corticomedullary phase was 0.39 ± 0.15, showing a significant difference from that of ChRCC (t = -3.628, P = 0.001). The difference value (D-value) of the attenuation of lesion between corticomedullary and nephrographic phases was (-3.69 ± 8.90) Hu for PRCC and (8.39 ± 21.98) Hu for ChRCC, with a significant difference between them (t = -2.285, P = 0.031). The D-value of type I PRCC was (-4.55 ± 9.82) Hu, showing a significant difference from that of ChRCC (t = -2.323, P = 0.028). There was no significant difference between the ΔCT, LKR and D-value of the type II PRCC and ChRCC (P > 0.05 for all). The area under the curve (AUC) for ΔCT value, LKR value in corticomedullary phase, and D-value were 0.718, 0.751 and 0.668, respectively, and there were no significant differences among them (z values were 0.896, 0.683 and 0.559, respectively, and P values were 0.370, 0.495 and 0.576, respectively). Using 49.350 Hu as the cutoff value for ΔCT value in corticomedullary phase, resulted in a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 50.0%, 90.5% and 70.7%, respectively. Corresponding values were 65.0%, 81.0% and 73.2%, when using a cutoff value of 0.532 for LKR in corticomedullary phase, and were 60.0%, 76.2% and 68.3%, when using a D-value of 0.400 Hu.

CONCLUSIONSThe ΔCT value, LKR value in corticomedullary phase, and the D-value are all useful indexes for the differentiation of PRCC and ChRCC.

Area Under Curve ; Calcinosis ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; ROC Curve ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity