ABSRACT The development of hepatocellular car-cinoma(HCC)is closely related to the formation of tumour blood vessels.VEGF-mediated angiogenesis is a major driver of the immune escape response in tumours.VEGF binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor2(VEGFR2)on endothelial cells,promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration,inducing vascular changes in HCC,and thus promote the growth of hepatocellular carcino-ma cells.Anti-VEGF and its receptor-targeted mo-lecular drugs are currently effective new treat-ments for HCC.Monoclonal antibodies against VEGF and small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting VEGF have been shown to block its angio-genic activity,alleviate the inhibitory effect of the tumour microenvironment,and ultimately achieve tumour regression.This article provides a review of the research progress of VEGF/VEGFR inhibitors in HCC treatment.

ABSRACT The development of hepatocellular car-cinoma(HCC)is closely related to the formation of tumour blood vessels.VEGF-mediated angiogenesis is a major driver of the immune escape response in tumours.VEGF binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor2(VEGFR2)on endothelial cells,promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration,inducing vascular changes in HCC,and thus promote the growth of hepatocellular carcino-ma cells.Anti-VEGF and its receptor-targeted mo-lecular drugs are currently effective new treat-ments for HCC.Monoclonal antibodies against VEGF and small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting VEGF have been shown to block its angio-genic activity,alleviate the inhibitory effect of the tumour microenvironment,and ultimately achieve tumour regression.This article provides a review of the research progress of VEGF/VEGFR inhibitors in HCC treatment.

ABSRACT The development of hepatocellular car-cinoma(HCC)is closely related to the formation of tumour blood vessels.VEGF-mediated angiogenesis is a major driver of the immune escape response in tumours.VEGF binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor2(VEGFR2)on endothelial cells,promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration,inducing vascular changes in HCC,and thus promote the growth of hepatocellular carcino-ma cells.Anti-VEGF and its receptor-targeted mo-lecular drugs are currently effective new treat-ments for HCC.Monoclonal antibodies against VEGF and small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting VEGF have been shown to block its angio-genic activity,alleviate the inhibitory effect of the tumour microenvironment,and ultimately achieve tumour regression.This article provides a review of the research progress of VEGF/VEGFR inhibitors in HCC treatment.

ABSRACT The development of hepatocellular car-cinoma(HCC)is closely related to the formation of tumour blood vessels.VEGF-mediated angiogenesis is a major driver of the immune escape response in tumours.VEGF binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor2(VEGFR2)on endothelial cells,promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration,inducing vascular changes in HCC,and thus promote the growth of hepatocellular carcino-ma cells.Anti-VEGF and its receptor-targeted mo-lecular drugs are currently effective new treat-ments for HCC.Monoclonal antibodies against VEGF and small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting VEGF have been shown to block its angio-genic activity,alleviate the inhibitory effect of the tumour microenvironment,and ultimately achieve tumour regression.This article provides a review of the research progress of VEGF/VEGFR inhibitors in HCC treatment.

ABSRACT The development of hepatocellular car-cinoma(HCC)is closely related to the formation of tumour blood vessels.VEGF-mediated angiogenesis is a major driver of the immune escape response in tumours.VEGF binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor2(VEGFR2)on endothelial cells,promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration,inducing vascular changes in HCC,and thus promote the growth of hepatocellular carcino-ma cells.Anti-VEGF and its receptor-targeted mo-lecular drugs are currently effective new treat-ments for HCC.Monoclonal antibodies against VEGF and small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting VEGF have been shown to block its angio-genic activity,alleviate the inhibitory effect of the tumour microenvironment,and ultimately achieve tumour regression.This article provides a review of the research progress of VEGF/VEGFR inhibitors in HCC treatment.

ABSRACT The development of hepatocellular car-cinoma(HCC)is closely related to the formation of tumour blood vessels.VEGF-mediated angiogenesis is a major driver of the immune escape response in tumours.VEGF binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor2(VEGFR2)on endothelial cells,promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration,inducing vascular changes in HCC,and thus promote the growth of hepatocellular carcino-ma cells.Anti-VEGF and its receptor-targeted mo-lecular drugs are currently effective new treat-ments for HCC.Monoclonal antibodies against VEGF and small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting VEGF have been shown to block its angio-genic activity,alleviate the inhibitory effect of the tumour microenvironment,and ultimately achieve tumour regression.This article provides a review of the research progress of VEGF/VEGFR inhibitors in HCC treatment.

ABSRACT The development of hepatocellular car-cinoma(HCC)is closely related to the formation of tumour blood vessels.VEGF-mediated angiogenesis is a major driver of the immune escape response in tumours.VEGF binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor2(VEGFR2)on endothelial cells,promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration,inducing vascular changes in HCC,and thus promote the growth of hepatocellular carcino-ma cells.Anti-VEGF and its receptor-targeted mo-lecular drugs are currently effective new treat-ments for HCC.Monoclonal antibodies against VEGF and small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting VEGF have been shown to block its angio-genic activity,alleviate the inhibitory effect of the tumour microenvironment,and ultimately achieve tumour regression.This article provides a review of the research progress of VEGF/VEGFR inhibitors in HCC treatment.

Objective To explore the correlation between EBV DNA load and peripheral immune cells (including lymphocyte supsets and natural killer cells) before treatment in patients with NPC, and analyze the influence of circulating immune cell supsets related to EBV on the prognosis of NPC patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the general data of 203 NPC patients without distant metastasis at the first treatment, as well as the data of peripheral blood EBV DNA and circulating immune cell supset. The ROC curve analysis was used to determine the cutoff value of each circulating immune cell supset. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and Cox regression model was used for multi-factor prognostic correlation analysis. Results The 3-year OS, PFS, DMFS and LRFS of EBV DNA < 400 copies/ml group and EBV DNA≥400 copies/ml group were 99.2% vs. 90.1% (P=0.001), 96.7% vs. 90.1% (P=0.028), 98.4% vs. 90.1% (P=0.005) and 98.4% vs. 100% (P > 0.05), respectively. EBV DNA is negatively correlated with the ratio of CD19⁺ B cells before treatment (r=-0.138, P=0.040), and there was no significant correlation between EBV DNA and other circulating immune supgroups (P > 0.05). ROC analysis showed that the cut-off value of CD19⁺B cell ratio before treatment related to the 3-year OS was 8.33% (P=0.02). The 3-year OS, PFS, DMFS and LRFS of patients with CD19⁺B cells ratio ≤8.33% and CD19⁺B cells ratio > 8.33% were respectively 90.4% vs. 99.2% (P=0.003), 89.2% vs. 97.5% (P=0.008), 90.4% vs. 98.3% (P=0.008) and 98.8% vs. 99.2% (P > 0.05). However, ROC analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between OS and other peripheral immune cells (including the proportion of CD3⁺T, CD3⁺CD4⁺T, CD3⁺CD8⁺T and CD56⁺NK cells and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio). Multivariate analysis showed that EBV DNA load was an independent prognostic factor of 3-year PFS of NPC patients, and the ratio of CD19⁺B cells was an independent prognostic factor of 3-year PFS, MFS and OS of NPC patients. Conclusion Before treatment, there is a negative correlation between plasma EBV DNA and the proportion of CD19⁺B cells in peripheral blood. Both can be used as the predictors of 3-year OS, PFS and DMFS of NPC patients.

ABSRACT The development of hepatocellular car-cinoma(HCC)is closely related to the formation of tumour blood vessels.VEGF-mediated angiogenesis is a major driver of the immune escape response in tumours.VEGF binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor2(VEGFR2)on endothelial cells,promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration,inducing vascular changes in HCC,and thus promote the growth of hepatocellular carcino-ma cells.Anti-VEGF and its receptor-targeted mo-lecular drugs are currently effective new treat-ments for HCC.Monoclonal antibodies against VEGF and small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting VEGF have been shown to block its angio-genic activity,alleviate the inhibitory effect of the tumour microenvironment,and ultimately achieve tumour regression.This article provides a review of the research progress of VEGF/VEGFR inhibitors in HCC treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of mechanical thrombectomy using Solitaire stent combined with dual antiplatelet therapy(DAPT)on limb function and vascular reocclusion in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods A total of 134 patients with acute cerebral infarction who received treatment in our hospital from February 2020 to August 2023 were selected as samples.According to whether the patients regularly took aspirin and clopidogrel every day one week before surgery,they were divided into observation group(taking the medications)and control group(without taking medications),with 67 cases in each.The control group was given mechanical thrombectomy,and the observation group was treated with DAPT combined with mechanical thrombectomy.Outcomes measured included revascularization one week after treatment,and neurological and limb function assessment using NIHSS and FMA scale at baseline,1 day,1 week,and 1 month after treatment.Brain hemodynamics(CVR,Qmean,and Vmean)and thrombosis markers(TXB2,CD62P,and 6-keto-PGF1α)were evaluated pre-treatment and one month after treatment.Vascular reocclusion three months after treatment and its correlation with hemody-namics and thrombosis factors were analyzed.Results After treatment,higher revascularization rate,FMA score,Qmean,Vmean,and 6-keto-PGF1α level,and lower NIHSS score,CVR,TXB2,and CD62P level were found in the observation group(P<0.05).The incidence of vascular reocclusion was also lower in the observation group.Logistic analysis indicated that brain hemodynamic indicators and the level of thrombosis-related factors influenced vascular reocclusion occurrence(P<0.05).Conclusion Mechanical thrombectomy using Solitaire stent combined with DAPT helps the recovery of limb function in patients with acute cerebral infarction and reduces the risk of vascular reocclusion.