BACKGROUND: Sonography is believed by many scholars to be sensitive for the detection of hepatic arterial thrombosis and stenosis, but it is difficult to show the anastomotic vascular stenosis. MR angiography is better than sonography in the display of vascular anatomy and the diagnosis of various vascular complications after liver transplantation.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of MR angiography (MRA) in the display of vascular anatomy and the diagnosis of various vascular complications after liver transplantation.DESIGN: Contrast trial observation.SETTING: Medical Imaging Center of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Eleven adult male patients had undergone liver transplantations at Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University between January 2004 and December 2006. They ranged in age from 40 to 58 years, average 49 yeas. Original causes of liver failure in the study group included cirrhosis (n =9) and primal hepatic carcinoma (n =2) diagnosed by pathohistological methods. And 9 cases had undergone orthotopic liver transplantations while 2 cases with piggy-back liver transplantation.METHODS: Eleven consecutive adult patients underwent MR imaging examinations after orthotopic liver transplantation using a breath-hold 2D True Fast Imaging with Stead-state Precession and Fast Low Angle Shot. MR triphasic contrast-enhanced 3D imaging was also performed. Enhancement scan: A final gadolinium-enhanced axial and coronal T1WI spin-echo sequence with spectral fat saturation was performed after completion of the MRA. The vascular diameter stenosis was calculated according to S (S=[(D-d)/D]×100%) by ECST method, d as the inner diameter of the most obvious stenosis while D as normal diameter. Degree of stenosis: normal as S 0-30%, mild stenosis as S 31%-50%, moderate stenosis as S 51%-85%, and severe stenosis as S 86%-100%. Then the imaging findings after liver transplantation were analyzed. Meanwhile the sonography was performed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① MR Image analysis of vascular anatomy and vascular complications after liver transplantation.②Normal findings after liver transplantation by using sonography.RESULTS: All 11 patients were involved in the result analysis.①MRA: The anastomosis of hepatic artery, portal vein and inferior vena cava were smooth in 3 cases. The high signal intensity was seen around portal vein at T2WI in 1 case with a shorter interval after transplantation and persisted 3 weeks. In 1 case, the caliber of the donor portion was smaller than the recipient portion. Among other 8 cases, hepatic artery complication included hepatic artery winding in 2 cases and aneurysm formation of donor's hepatic artery in 2 cases, but the twig of the hepatic artery was normal. Mild Portal vein stenosis at the anastomosis was found in 2 cases, caused by the different calibers of the donor portion from the recipient portion, but the inter-hepatic branches of the portal vein were normal. Clubbed dilatation of hepatic veins end-brush was depicted in 2 cases whose inferior vena cava at the anastomosis was not stenosis. Inferior vena cava thrombosis was found in 1 case. The thrombus displayed the low signal intensity in the high signal intensity of inferior vena cava. By follow-up examination, the degree of clubbed dilatation of hepatic veins end-brush reduced after half a year and inferior vena cava thrombosis disappeared by treatment. ②Sonography: By ultrasound examination, 1 case who had hepatic artery winding combining to aneurysm formation of donor's hepatic artery was discovered just hepatic artery winding. In 2cases that had mild portal vein stenosis at the anastomosis, 1 case was diagnosed normal while the other was not affirmed. The clubbed dilatation of hepatic veins end-brush was not depicted. The others were same as MRI diagnosis.CONCLUSION: Dynamic enhanced 3D MRA imaging can provide a comprehensive assessment of vascular anatomy in most recipients of liver transplants, and is an accurate and quick method to diagnose the vascular complication after liver transplantation.

Objective To solve the new problems for quality assurance of PACS which imported by the use of PACS.Methods The medical imaging quality control system used between imaging modality and image acquisition gateway was designed.Results The medical imaging quality control system could partially solve the problem for quality assurance of PACS.Conclusion With the use of medical image quality control system,wrong or low quality image can be found and modified earlier.Therefore,the veracity of medical information and medical image of PACS can be improved farther.

Objective To resolve the sharing of the images which are dispersed in multiple mini-PACS in one hospital or in the distributed PACS in the different hospitals.Methods The grid technology and the medical image network were integrated to research some key technologies on a medical image storage grid.Results Basing on the services provided by grid and considering the hospital's situation,two layers architecture of storage grid that was adapted with the sharing character of the medical information were put forward.Using the services provided by the storage grid,the dynamic storage extension was realized.Conclusion The medical image storage grid can integrate multiple storage systems in the image network.It supports the effective usage of the storage system and transparent accessing for users.

DICOM acquisition gateway,the strobe of PACS date flow,is a key element of PACS.But on the process of acquisition,the images sometimes might be lost.This paper will focus on the image recovery scheme of DICOM acquisition gateuay in the notion of image missing.

Objective To develop a portbable incubator for on-site cultivation of microorganisms in foods and drinking water.Methods Cultivation temperature was set as required by the temperature for various microorganisms and PID was controlled via the single chip microcomputer and configuration screen .Then, the framework of the incubator was designed and assembled.Finally, the cultivation effect was tested .Results The incubator was compact and portable .The deviation of the temperature was in the range of 1℃.The hold time of self-contained power could exceed 8 h.In addition, the cultivation effect of our fabricated incubator was not significantly different from that of the commercial electro-heating standing-temperature cultivator used in laboratories .Conclusion The incubator is suitable for on-site detection of microorganisms in foods and drinking water , which is significant for spotting and removing the hidden dangers from microorganism contaminations in foods and drinking water in order to protect the health of soldiers .

Objective To study the smoking status and revalent cause factors among medical college students in Nanchang and provide information for smoking control .Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 935 medical students by stratified cluster random sampling method .912 questionnaires were valid .The valid rate was 97 .540% .Results The total smoking rate was 14 .364% (131/192) .The smoking rate of male was higher than female(χ2 =49 .982 ,P<0 .05) .There was a great difference among different grades(χ2 =22 .503 ,P<0 .05) .There were many factors associated with smoking conducts ,in which older ,higher family income ,higher monthly cost of living ,allowing to smoking in the home were risk factors ,but mother′s educational level ,correct knowledge about the hazards of tobacco were protective factors .Conclusion The smoking rate of medical students is not high .The smoking status are influenced by many factors .Intervention should pay more attention to focus group and better prevent medical students from smoking .

Objective To explore the value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion tensor tracography (DTT) in assessment of Corticospinal tract (CST) and medial lemniscus (ML) in tumors involving brainstem.Methods A total of 35 cases with pathologically confirmed tumors involving brainstem were collected,and 35 volunteers matched with genders and ages were recruited as the normal group.DTI scanning was performed on all the patients and controls.The damage degrees of CST and ML were evaluated and graded by DTT,and the dysfunction degrees were evaluated for the patients.Spearman correlation was used to statistically analyze the relationships of limb movement,sensory dysfunction and CST and ML damage.Results According to the rating results,normal findings,shifting,edema or infiltration and damage of CST was found in 9,9,11,and 6 cases respectively.They were 8,9,15,3 cases for ML.Motor function was normal in 20 cases,slightly defective in 11 cases,and moderate defective in 4 cases.Sensory function was normal in 21 cases,slightly defective in 6 cases,and moderate defective in 8 cases.The patients' dyskinesia and CST damage degree,sensory dysfunction and ML damage degree were positively correlated (r was 0.786 and 0.686 respectively,P ＜ 0.01).The position relationship among tumor and CST and ML could be well displayed on images.None of the patients showed new symptoms of dysneuria after surgery.Conclusions DTI and DTT technology can be used to evaluate CST and ML damage degree in tumors involving brainstem.They can display the position relationship between tumor and the brainstem CST and ML,which is important in protecting the brainstem fiber tract during operation and evaluating the recovery after the operation.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of pulmonary inflammation induced by influenza virus , and provide reference for the development of effective drugs for viral pneumonia .Methods An influenza PR8 infection mouse model was established .The levels of inflammatory cytokines and complement molecules were determined using RT -PCR and ELISA.The pathological changes were examined using biopsy .The complement inhibitor cobra venom factor ( CVF) was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 50 μg/( kg· 24 h) , and then body mass .The survival rate and inflammatory factors were examined .Results Compared with the control group , the expressions of complement regulatory molecule Crry and CD59 were significantly decreased (P<0.01), while those of complement C9 and complement receptor C3aR and C5aR were significantly increased in the lungs of influenza model mice (P<0.01).Pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γwere highly expressed , but anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-2 was lowly expressed in serum .Treatment with CVF caused a sight body mass loss, a survival rate increase and a lung index decrease (P <0.05).Moreover, an IL-2 expression increase and a decrease of IL-6, TNF -αand INF-γexpression were observed in CVF treatment mice ( P< 0.05).Conclusion Inhibition of complement activation can increase the survival rate of mice with influenza pneumonia and decrease pulmonary indexes .thus delaying the pathogenesis of PR 8.

Chronic liver disease(CLD)tends to have a high incidence rate and impose a serious burden on society and families.Studies have shown that metal ion metabolism is closely associated with CLD,and some Chinese herbal medicines can play a role in the prevention and treatment of CLD by regulating metal ion metabolism.At present,the synthetic drugs currently used for the treatment of CLD fail to achieve a satisfactory effect,and therefore,a variety of Chinese herbal medicines are being used as supplementary and alternative therapies for CLD.This article introduces the role of metal ion metabolism in CLD and the regulatory effect of Chinese herbal medicines and their active components on CLD,and the analysis shows that metal ion metabolism is expected to provide new ideas for the research on CLD and a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of CLD.For the role of metal ion metabolism in the treatment of CLD,more prospective clinical study data are needed in the future to provide effective and safe treatment regimens for patients with CLD.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of modified Tianwang Buxindan （MTBD） on the skin of sleep-deprived （SD） mice and investigate its mechanism. MethodSixty 2-month-old female Kunming mice were randomly divided into a blank group， a model group， a vitamin C （VC， 0.08 g·kg^-1）， and MTBD low-， medium-， and high-dose groups （6.5， 12.5， 25 g·kg^-1）. Except for the blank group， the other groups were subjected to SD mouse model induction （using multiple platform water environment method for 18 hours of sleep deprivation daily from 15：00 to next day 9：00）， continuously for 14 days， and caffeine （CAF， 7.5 mg·kg^-1） was injected intraperitoneally from the 2nd week onwards， continuously for 7 days. While modeling， the blank group and the model group were administered with normal saline （0.01 mL·g^-1）， and the other groups received corresponding drugs for treatment. On the day of the experiment， general observations were recorded （such as body weight， spirit， fur， and skin）. After sampling， skin tissue pathological changes were observed under an optical microscope using hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and Masson staining methods. Skin thickness and skin moisture content were measured. Biochemical assay kits were used to detect skin hydroxyproline （HYP） content， skin and serum superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity， and malondialdehyde （MDA） content. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect serum interleukin （IL）-6， tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α， and IL-1β levels in mice. Western blot was used to detect skin tissue type Ⅰ collagen （ColⅠ）， type Ⅲ collagen （ColⅢ）， phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）， phosphorylated （p）-PI3K， protein kinase B （Akt）， p-Akt， nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， heme oxygenase （HO）-1， and nuclear factor （NF）-κB protein expression. ResultCompared with the blank group， the model group showed varying degrees of changes. In general， signs of aging such as reduced body weight （P<0.01）， listlessness， dull fur color， and formation of wrinkles on the skin appeared. Tissue specimen testing revealed skin thinning， flattening of the dermoepidermal junction （DEJ）， and reduced collagen fibers under the optical microscope. Skin thickness and moisture content decreased， skin tissue HYP content significantly decreased （P<0.01）， skin and serum SOD activity significantly decreased （P<0.01）， and MDA content significantly increased （P<0.01）. Serum IL-6， TNF-α， and IL-1β levels significantly increased （P<0.01）. Skin ColⅠ， ColⅢ， p-PI3K/PI3K， p-Akt/Akt， Nrf2， and HO-1 protein expression significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and NF-κB expression increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the VC group and the MTBD low-dose group showed increased skin moisture content， HYP content， SOD activity， and ColⅠ， ColⅢ， p-PI3K/PI3K protein expression （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and decreased serum MDA content （P<0.05）. In addition， a decrease in serum IL-6 and IL-1β levels was detected in the MTBD low-dose group （P<0.05）， while the above indicators in the MTBD medium- and high-dose groups improved （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionSleep deprivation accelerates the aging process of the skin in SD model mice. MTBD can improve this phenomenon， exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects， and its mechanism of action may be related to the activation of the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway.