OBJECTIVE:Suggest to improve the quality standard of toxic traditional Chinese medicines.METHODS:The"content determination"and"limit test"of 72 toxic traditional Chinese medicines recorded in Chinese pharmacopoeia(2005 edition) were briefly introduced.RESULTS:Only 11%of the total 72 toxic traditional Chinese medicines had the items of both"content determination"and"limit test".CONCLUSION:The quality standard of toxic traditional Chinese medicines should be improved to achieve quality control in accordance with the standard of"low toxicity but high effectiveness"so as to ensure safe and effective drug use in the clinic.

Objective:To investigate the inhibitory effect of Trichinella spiralis polypide protein on H7402 cell line in vitro and to assess its anti-tumor effect against hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods:The Trichinella spiralis polyp- ide protein was isolated from adult worms and newborn mixture.Trichinella spiralis polypide protein was prepared through homogenization and centrifugation,and its concentrations were determined by UV-visable spectrometers.H7402 cells trea- ted with Trichinella spiralis polypide protein(at 0.035,0.070,0.140 mg/ml)served as treatment group,and normal he- patic cell line HL-7702 treated with Trichinella spiralis polypide protein served as control group.Cell proliferation was de- tected by MTT;the effect of Trichinella spiralis polypide protein on migration and invasion ability of H7402 cell line was assessed by scarification test and invasion test.Cell apoptosis was observed by TUNEL.Apoptosis and cell cycle were ana- lyzed by FCM.Results:Trichinella spiralis polypide protein was successfully prepared.The protein at 0.035,0.070,0. 140 mg/ml inhibited H7402 cells proliferation by(22.40?13.80)%,(29.45?16.80)%,and(39.38?17.80)%, respectively.Apoptosis was observed by TUNEL and FCM,with an apoptosis rate of(39.07?0.90)%;the cell cycle was blocked at S phase.Scarification test and invasion test suggested that Trichinella spiralis polypide protein inhibited the migration and invasion of H7402 cell line,with the inhibition rate being(63.79?13.71)%.Conclusion:Trichinella spiralis polypide protein can inhibit the proliferation,migration,invision of H7402 cell line,and it might be a potential anti-cancer agent.

12 patients with histologically proved wegener's granulomatsis were treated from May 1974 to March 1983.The 3-、 5- and 10- year survival rate S were 83%、64%、50% , respectively. The survival rate was higher in the female. Limited lesions gave a better survival rate than generalized ones.Patients with limited lesions should be treated mainly by radiotherapy alone. The optimal dose was 4000-5500 cGy/4-5.5wk.Patients with generalized lesions should be treated by radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy (CTX 4-8g or CCNU 100mg P.O.), hormone (cortisone 30mg/day),and antibiotics.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of micro-powder technique on the application of traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS:The physical property of the micro-powder and its effect on curative effect, toxicity and pharmaceutical engineering were analyzed. The efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine micro-powder was compared with traditional pieces and decoction. RESULTS:As compared with traditional pieces and decoction, traditional Chinese medicine micro-powder represented many advantages but there were a series of problems such as the change of curative effect and the toxicity in the process of application. CONCLUSION:The micro-powder technology is beneficial exploration to the traditional Chinese medicine dosage-form reform, which should be paid attention and studied.

OBJECTIVE:To establish an RP-HPLC method for the determination of Callic acid and Caffeine in tea pigment.METHODS:The separation of sample performed on Novapak ODS column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5.4 ?m).The mobile phase consisted of acetic acid-methanol-DMF-H2O(2∶3∶35∶160) with a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1 and detection wavelength of 280 nm.RESULTS:The linear ranges of Callic acid and Caffeine were 8.16～81.60 ?g?mL-1 and 2.84～28.40 ?g?mL-1.The average recovery rate of Callic acid was 99.8%(RSD=0.5%,n=6) and that of Caffeine was 99.9%(RSD=0.6%,n=6).CONCLUSION:The method is rapid,sensitive and accurate,and suitable for the quality control of tea pigment.

Purpose to explore a CT classflication of hepatic echinococcal cysts and its clinical application. Materials and Methods reviewed 85 patients who had underwent CT scan in our hospital from 2008-01～2009-12.The CT classification was made according to WHO classification and the CT appearances were analyzed retrospectively.Results Among the lesions,there were 16 CL type,appeared as a unilocular round cyst without wall.15 CE1 type,appeared as a unilocular cyst with a smooth uniform wall.28 CE2 type,appeared as a fluid collection with septa (honeycomb sign),and 6 CE3 type,CT appeared as a fluid collection with a split wall,10 CE4 type,CT appeared as a fluid collection with a split wall (water-lily sign).36 CE5 type,CT appeared as a calcified mass.Conclusion CT classification according to WHO classification for cystic echinococcosis is using to differentiate it from other liver cystic lesions,such as simple cyst and abcess,and is essential when planning clinical treatment.

Objective To explore the susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) appearance of paramagnetic and diamagnetic materials, its imaging theory, and its value of differential diagnosis from their appearance. Methods The diamagnetic and paramagnetic phantom were made and the X-Y axial SWI phase image of phantom then was obtained. Twenty-eight cases of intracerebral calcium and 21 cases of hemorrhage examined with MRI scan and CT scan were retrospectively investigated. The appearance of calcium and hemorrhage on SWI were analyzed and compared with their appearance on CT and conventional MRI. Results Phantom experiment indicated that the equator plane scan of diamagnetic sphere showed high signal in centre surrounded by low signal ring and high signal in two poles of sphere along Z axis of main magnetic field. The paramagnetic sphere appeared the opposite appearance of diamagnetic sphere with centre low signal surrounded by high signal ring in equator plane and low signal in two poles of sphere along Z axis of main magnetic field. The SWI manifestations of 4 cases of intracerebral sphere or sphere-like calcification ( chorioidal calcification) and 9 cases of sphere or sphere-like hemorrhage(2 cases of traumatic hemorrhage, 1 case of hypertension related basal ganglion hemorrhage, 4 cases of metastasis hemorrhage and 2 cases of cavernous hemangioma hemorrhage)were consistent with diamagnetic and paramagnetic sphere phantom respectively. Four cases of calcification in basal ganglion showed the mixed high and low signal. Seven cases of irregular calcification ( neoplastic calcification) aside from basal ganglion appeared complex appearance, though mainly in high signal. Other sphere or sphere-like calcification aside from basal ganglion ( 14 cases of pineal calcification, 4 cases of chorioidal calcification, 2 cases of cerebral cysticercosis calcification and 1 case of neoplastic calcification ) showed markedly high signal. Nine cases of intracerebral iobular hemorrhage (2 cases of hypertension related basal ganglion hemorrhage, 4 cases of unknown casual hemmorrhge and 3 cases of cavernous hemangioma hemorrhage) displayed a multiple concentric circle appearance, other 3 hemorrhage showed complex appearance, though mainly in low signal. Ten cases of calcification had no specific appearance on T1 WI and T2WI. Conclusion Phase image of SWI is helpful in differentiating intracerebral diamagnetic from paramagnetic materials and it has some advantage in detecting calcification over T WI and T2 WI.

Objective To investigate MRI features of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor(DNT).Methods The MR images of ten cases with surgically and pathologically proved DNT were retrospectively reviewed.Results MR imaging showed cystic component with mural nodule in 6,mainly cystic component with septa in 3.The solid components of the tumors were long T_1 and long T_2 signal intensity,the cystic components were even longer T_1 and T_2 signal intensity which resembled the signal of cerebrospinal fluid.Mild enhancement could be found at the intra-tumoral solid nodule or septations after injection of constrast medium but the cystic component did not show any enhancement.No peri-tumoral edema and mass effect were found in most cases.Conclusion DNTs are of some special features on the MR images,the diagnosis can be exactly done before operation if MRI features in combination with clinical data of the patients.

Objective To evaluate the characteristics of CT, MRI, PET and histopathology of brain radiation injuries following radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods We reviewed the imaging records of 71 patients with brain radiation injuries following radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma examined over a 10 year period. Results The radiation injury lesions occurred in the temporal lobes, brain stems or cerebella. Their CT appears were homogeneous or heterogeneous density. If the lesions situated in temporal lobes, they presented as "finger like" hypointensity. Twenty three patients(29 lesions) undenwent contrast enhanced CT scan, 86.2 percent(25/29)of the lesions showed no enhancement. MRI demonstrated prolonged T 1 and T 2 relaxation time of the injured tissue, they might showed homogeneous or heterogeneous signal intensity. MR enhanced T 1WI were performed in 20 cases(29 lesions),and 65.5 percent(19/29)of the lesions presented "Flower lace" enhancement. Two patients were carried on PET scan. One patient′s PET appearance is similar to the CT or MRI finding. Resections and histopathologic observations of temporal lobes′ lesions were performed on 3 cases, which showed cerebral necrosis. Conclusion (1) MRI plain or contrast enhanced scan is more sensitive than that of CT or PET. (2)The heterogeneous signal intensity on T 1WI and T 2WI represent necrosis,and all are located in the radiation field. (3)"Flower lace" enhancement on contrast MRI is the characteristic of brain radionecrosis. (4)PET may serve as a complementarity in the diagnosis of radiation induced injuries.

Questions on Typhoid Theory is a representative academic book of ZHU Wei-ju,a well-known TCM doctor of Shanghai in the period of the republic of China.The thoughts of the book is based on human body itself,advocating focusing on body itself not diseases,self recovery and natural therapy.Because he put human in the first place,he got excellent therapeutic effects in clinic.