Objective:To explore the clinical, imaging, and pathological features of glottic squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and their relationship with prognosis. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical, imaging, and pathological data of 130 patients with glottic squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx who were treated at the First People's Hospital of Yinchuan and the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from January 2018 to March 2023. Imaging examinations （CT and MRI） were used to evaluate the lesion boundary clarity, density, enhancement nature, and enhancement degree. Postoperative pathological examination was used to determine the pathological nature, immunohistochemistry, etc. Statistical methods such as χ² test, Spearman correlation analysis, multivariate logistic regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier method were used to analyze the data. Results:Among the 130 patients, 127 were male and 3 were female, with an average age of （61.92±9.595） years. There was a correlation between clinical, imaging, and pathological features. Multivariate analysis showed that heterogeneous MRI density （OR=12.414;P=0.019） and squamous cell carcinoma as a subtype were correlated. The initial symptom of non-hoarseness （HR=6.045;P=0.010） and unclear MRI boundary （HR=12.559; P=0.029） were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with glottic squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Conclusion:There is a correlation between the clinical, imaging, and pathological features of patients with glottic squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, and they can affect prognosis. The initial symptom of non-hoarseness and unclear MRI boundary of the tumor are independent risk factors for poor prognosis.
Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Prognosis ; Male ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Glottis/pathology* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Aged

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and major allergens of patients with pollen-food allergy syndrome（PFAS） and their correlation with the severity of symptoms, and to provide a basis for identifying high-risk patients, optimizing the allergen testing process and developing individualized dietary management strategies. Methods:The clinical data of 166 patients with PFAS admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to July 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical symptoms, pollen types and food allergy of the patients were analyzed by questionnaire survey and serum specific IgE detection. phi coefficient, Apriori algorithm modeling and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the association between allergen and symptom severity. Results:Artemisia pollen was the most common allergen in this area, with a positive rate of 96.39%. Peach and mango were the most common food allergens, which caused allergic reactions in 24.10% and 22.89% of patients, respectively. Oral mucosal symptoms were the main symptoms. Correlation analysis showed that there was a correlation between pollen allergens and allergenic food. Association rule analysis showed that when the patient was allergic to the combination of peanuts and trees, the probability of high severity of symptoms was 82.35%. Multivariate analysis showed that ragweed allergy was significantly positively correlated with the severity of PFAS symptoms. Conclusion:Artemisia pollen and related food allergens play an important role in the pathogenesis of PFAS. Association rule mining and network map analysis revealed direct associations between peanut and tree combination allergy and symptom severity, as well as potential links between other inhaled allergens and specific food allergies. Ragweed and peach allergy are independent risk factors for the aggravation of PFAS symptoms, which can be used as early warning indicators. These results help to improve the screening of high-risk patients and the construction of regional allergen databases.
Humans ; Food Hypersensitivity/immunology* ; Allergens/immunology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Pollen/immunology* ; Cross Reactions ; Immunoglobulin E/blood* ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/immunology* ; Artemisia/immunology* ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Prunus persica/immunology* ; Arachis/immunology* ; Middle Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Oral Allergy Syndrome

Objective The high post-surgery recurrence rate of endometriosis(EMs)has emerged as a challenge in the long-term manaagement of the condition.This study is aimed at investigating the mechanisms of Neiyiting(NYT)decoction in preventing postoperative recurrence of EMs.Methods An animal model of EMs postoperative recurrence and a model of endometrial stromal cells(hEM15A)cocultured with macrophages(RAW 264.7 cell line)were established for both in vivo and in vitro experiments.An autotransplantation method was used to establish a rat model of EMs.The rats were divided into 4 groups(6 rats per group)and received the corresponding treatments:a Model group receiving distilled water,a Gestrinone group receiving gestrinone at 0.325 mg/kg,a low-dose NYT(NYT-L)group receiving NYT decoction at 5.04 g/(kg-d),and a high-dose NYT(NYT-H)group receiving NYT decoction at 10.08 g/(kg-d).The treatment was administered for 3 weeks via intragastric gavage.In addition,6 SD rats were randomly selected for the control group(Control group),and were given distilled water for 3 weeks via intragastric gavage.The sizes and pathological changes of recurrent lesions in EMs rats were observed.Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were performed to assess the expression of M1 macrophage marker CD86 protein and mRNA in vivo.Additionally,immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were used to assess the expression of indicator proteins related to the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1(TREM1)/Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway and mRNA.The proliferation of hEM15A cells in the coculture experiment was observed.Flow cytometry was performed to determine the polarization of RAW264.7 macrophages,and qRT-PCR was used to determine the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and interleukin 1β(IL-1β)mRNA.Western blot was performed to determine the expression of signaling pathway-related indicator proteins in vitro.ELISA was performed to determine the levels of inflammatory factors in vitro.Results Compared with the Model group,the volume of recurrent lesions in the NYT-H group was reduced(P＜0.01).Findings from the macrophage M1 polarization assessment showed that the expression levels of CD86 protein and mRNA in the recurrent lesions of the Model group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.01).The expression levels of CD86 protein and mRNA in the recurrent lesions of the NYT-H group were lower than those of the Model group(P＜0.01).In addition,the RAW 264.7 cell experiment further verified that NYT decoction could reduce the number of CD86-positive macrophages induced by plasmids overexpressing TREM1 and reduce the expression of IL-1β and iNOS mRNA(P＜0.01).The results of the hEM15A cell proliferation assay showed that NYT decoction down-regulated KI-67 protein expression in hEM15A cells induced by macrophage M1 polarization(P＜0.01).The results of TREM1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway showed that the protein and mRNA expression levels of TREM1,TLR4,and NF-κB in the recurrent lesions of the Model group were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.01).Compared with those in the Model group,the protein and mRNA expression levels of TREM1,TLR4,and NF-κB in the recurrent lesions of the NYT-H group were lower(P＜0.01).In addition,the coculture experiment of RAW264.7 and hEM15A cells further confirmed that NYT decoction reduced the expression of TREM1,TLR4,and P-P65 proteins(P＜0.01).Conclusion NYT decoction can inhibit macrophage M1 polarization through the TREM1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway,improve the inflammation level,and inhibit the formation of ectopic endometrial lesions,thereby preventing postoperative recurrence of EMs.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which SOX7 regulates the SHP-2/Wnt/β-cate-nin/ROS pathway,affecting the proliferation,invasion,and migration of colorectal cancer cells.Methods Twenty nude mice with subcutaneously transplanted tumor models were randomly divided into four groups:SOX7 NC(n=5),SOX mimic(n=5),SOX7 NC+PHPS1(n=5),and SOX7 mimic+PHPS1(n=5)to observe tumor growth.Human colorectal cancer cell line SW480 cells were transfected via lipofection and divided into six groups:SOX7 NC,SOX7 mimic,SOX7 NC+H2 O2,SOX7 mimic+H2O2,SOX7 NC+PHPS1,and SOX7 mimic+PHPS1.The ex-pression of SHP-2/Wnt/β-catenin/ROS pathway-related proteins in SW480 cells of each group was detected by Western blot.The invasion and migration capabilities of SW480 cells were assessed through scratch and Transwell invasion assays,while cell proliferation was evaluated using CCK-8.Results In vivo experiments demonstrated that tumors in the SOX7 mimic group were significantly smaller than those in the SOX7 NC group(P＜0.01).Tumors treated with PHPS1 intervention exhibited a significant increase in volume.There was no statistical significance in the difference in tumor volume between the SOX7 mimic+PHPS1 group and the SOX7 NC+PHPS1 group.In vitro experiments revealed that SOX7 mimic inhibited the expression of Wnt,β-catenin,NOX2,NOX4,PI3K,P-PI3K,AKT,P-AKT proteins(P＜0.01),and promoted the expression of p-SHP-2 protein(P＜0.01).The addition of hydrogen peroxide and SHP-2 inhibitor reversed the effects of SOX7 on SW480 cells(P＜0.05),and significantly promoted the expression levels of Wnt,β-catenin,NOX2,NOX4,PI3K,P-PI3K,AKT,P-AKT proteins,with no sig-nificant difference,while significantly reducing the expression levels of SHP-2,p-SHP-2 proteins,with no significant difference.PHPS1 inhibited the expression of SHP-2,p-SHP-2 proteins(P＜0.05)and upregulated the expression of Wnt,β-catenin,NOX2,NOX4,PI3K,P-PI3K,AKT,P-AKT proteins(P＜0.05).Scratch,Transwell invasion and migration assays,and CCK-8 experiments indicated that SOX7 suppressed the migration,invasion,and proliferation of SW480 cells through oxidative stress and the SHP-2 pathway(P＜0.01),while H2O2 and PHPS1 intervention promoted the migration,invasion,and proliferation of SW480 cells(P＜0.05).Conclusion SOX7 can suppress the proliferation,invasion,and migration of colorectal cancer by targeting the SHP-2/Wnt/β-catenin/ROS pathway.

Objective:To explore the feasibility of using quantitative parameters of double contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCUS) to noninvasively predict lymphatic metastasis in gastric cancer before operation.Methods:From December 2021 to October 2023, 119 patients undergoing gastrectomy at the Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, were enrolled retrospectively. Based on the pathological findings, they were divided into lymph node metastasis (N1, 94 cases) and non-lymph node metastasis (N0, 25 cases) groups. All patients underwent DCUS within 3 days before surgery. Previous to DCUS, lesions′ location and ultrasonic T-staging were recorded by conventional ultrasound. Quantitative parameters such as arrival time (AT), time to peak (TTP), baseline intensity (BI), peak intensity (PI) and wash-in slope (WIS) were obtained by the time-intensity curve (TIC) automatically, and then manually calculated enhanced intensity (ΔPI=PI–BI) and enhanced time (ΔTTP=TTP–AT). Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to screen independent risk factors for predicting lymph nodes metastasis in gastric cancer, and regression models were established.Results:Statistical tests revealed significant differences in ultrasonic T-staging ( P<0.001) and degree of differentiation ( P=0.015) between N1 and N0 group. Among DCUS quantitative parameters, statistical differences in PI, ΔPI and WIS were observed between the two groups (all P<0.05), while no significant differences were found in BI, AT, TTP and ΔTTP (all P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that ultrasonic T-staging and WIS were independent risk factors for predicting lymphatic metastasis. The regression model built on the above two factors performed well in predicting lymph nodes metastasis, with an area under the curve of 0.905, accuracy of 93.3% (superior to the prediction model based on DCUS quantitative parameters alone, P<0.05), sensitivity of 95.7% and specificity of 84.0%. Conclusions:DCUS quantitative parameters may be helpful to evaluate lymphatic metastasis of gastric cancer prior to surgery, and the accuracy of prediction would be improved by combing with ultrasonic T-staging.

Objective:To analyze the different clinicopathological features of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with and without viral hepatitis.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 79 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cases from Mar 2012 to Sep 2018 at Henan Provincial People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Twenty-five of the 79 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma were accompanied by viral hepatitis. Those with viral hepatitis had a lower mean age at onset than those without [(53±11) years vs. (60±11) years, P=0.011], higher proportion of male patients (80% vs. 52%, P=0.017), higher AFP positive rate (40% vs. 19%, P=0.041), lower CA19-9 positive rate (48% vs. 72%, P=0.036), tend to occur in the right liver lobe (76% vs. 44%, P=0.009), a lower rate of bile duct invasion (16% vs. 41%, P=0.03), and were more likely to be mass type (mass type proportion 96% vs. 72%, P=0.032). Conclusions:Viral hepatitis is common in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with and without viral hepatitis differ in clinicopathology. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with viral hepatitis is more likely to have the characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma, while intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma without viral hepatitis is more likely to have the characteristics of cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective:To investigate the distribution of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis （AR） in Ningxia, and provide theoretical data for the prevention and treatment of AR in this region. Methods:A total of 1664 patients diagnosed with AR in the Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department of Yinchuan First People's Hospital Outpatient Clinic from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected. Use the allergen sIgE antibody detection kit （immunoblotting method） to detect inhalation and ingestion allergens in patients.Results: ①Among all AR patients, 1 158 cases were detected positive, resulting in the detection rate was 69.59%; ②The detection rate of inhalation allergen was 65.87%, and the detection rate of ingestion allergen was 19.83%; ③Mugwort was the most sensitive allergen, and 76.32% of the patients having a positive grade ≥3; ④Out of the patients, 294 cases （25.39%） were allergic to only one allergen, 244 cases （21.07%） were allergic to two allergens, and 620 cases （53.54%） were allergic to three or more allergens; ⑤During different seasons, the highest number of positive allergens detected was in the summer, with 968 cases （83.59%）. Mugwort was the main allergen during this season （69.01%）. After the COVID-19 epidemic, the total positive rate of sIgE tests in AR patients decreased compared to before, and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.001）; ⑥Mugwort, dog epithelium, mold combination, egg, peanut, soybean, Marine fish combination and fruit combination all showed statistically significant differences between different gender groups （P<0.05）; ⑦Common ragweed, mugwort, dust mite combination, cockroach, egg, milk, Marine fish combination, shrimp, fruit combination and nut combination all showed statistically significant differences among different age groups （P<0.05）; ⑧There were statistically significant differences in hay dust among different ethnic groups （P<0.05）. Conclusion:Artemisia argyi is the main allergen in Ningxia, and the distribution characteristics of different allergens are influenced by treatment season, the COVID-19 epidemic, gender, age, ethnicity, and other factors, showing certain distribution patterns and rules.
Allergens ; Artemisia ; COVID-19 ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Skin Tests ; Humans ; Male ; Female

Objective:To analyze the clinical and endoscopic characteristics of gastric low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), and to explore the risk factors related to the progression of LGIN.Methods:The clinical, endoscopic and pathological data of 411 patients with LGIN diagnosed by initial pathological biopsy in the Department of Gastroenterology, the First People′s Hospital of Yichang (the People′s Hospital of China Three Gorges University) from January 1, 2012 to December 30, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and were followed up every three to six months and endoscopy and pathological biopsy were performed. The clinical data of patients were collected, which included age, gender, lesion location, lesion size, lesion type, lesion color, lesion appearance, family history of gastric cancer, history of smoking and alcohol intake, history of pickled food, whether complicated with intestinal metaplasia or gastric atrophy and the degree, whether there was Helicobacter pylori infection. According to the results of last follow up, the differences in above factors between progressive and non-progressive patients, and the risk factors for the progression of LGIN were analyzed. Indenpendent sample t test, chi square test, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results:Among the 411 patients with LGIN, there were 261 males and 150 females, the ratio of male to female was 1.74 ∶1; the mean age was (57.5±10.3) years old (30 to 86 years old). The most common clinical symptoms were abdominal pain, abdominal discomfort and abdominal distension, which accounted for 30.7% (126/411), 25.8% (106/411) and 20.9% (86/411), respectively. The lesions of 245 cases (59.6%) located in gastric antrum; the maximum diameter of lesions of 344 cases (83.7%) was 0.5 to less than 2.0 cm; the lesion types of 232 cases (56.4%), 104 cases (25.3%) and 75 cases (18.2%) were prominent type, flat type and depressed type, respectively. The lesion color of 298 cases (72.5%) was red, and that of 113 cases (27.5%) was normal or white. One hundred and seventy-one cases (41.6%) had surface erosion and 61 cases (14.8%) had surface ulcer. Two hundred and seventy-two cases (66.2%) of LGIN were complicated with intestinal metaplasia, and the proportions of mild, moderate and severe intestinal metaplasia were 50.4% (137/272), 33.8% (92/272) and 15.8% (43/272), respectively; 196 cases (47.7%) of LGIN were with gastric atrophy, and the proportions of mild, moderate and severe degree of gastric atrophy were 58.2% (114/196), 29.1% (57/196) and 12.7% (25/196), respectively. Rapid urease test or 14C urea breath test were carried out in 368 cases (89.5%), the positive rate of Helicobacter pylori infection was 45.1% (166/368), and the proportion of male was higher than that of female (59.6%, 99/166 vs. 40.4%, 67/166), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.537, P<0.05). All 174 patients with LGIN were successfully followed up, and the LGIN lesion of 11.5% (20/174) patients was progressive. The results of univariate analysis indicated that there were statistically significant differences in the lesion location, lesion size, lesion type, lesion appearance, atrophy, family gastric cancer history, history of alcohol intake, and history of pickled food between the patients with progressive lesions (20 cases) and the patients with non-progressive lesions (154 cases) ( χ2=11.950, 22.370, 8.964, 8.552, 10.362, 7.139, 5.913 and 4.668, all P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lesions in gastric corpus, maximum diameter of the lesion ≥2.0 cm, depressed lesions, ulcer lesions, atrophy, family gastric cancer, history of alcohol intake, history of pickled foods were independent risk factors of the progression of LGIN (odds ratio=4.796, 5.457, 4.431, 3.521, 1.380, 21.405, 3.294 and 1.832, 95% confidence interval 2.028 to 6.431, 3.256 to 8.943, 1.356 to 6.410, 1.305 to 5.706, 1.013 to 2.805, 5.062 to 25.391, 2.012 to 5.826, 1.072 to 3.790, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The lesions located in gastric corpus, maximum diameter of the lesion ≥2.0 cm, depressed lesions, ulcer lesions, atrophy, family gastric cancer history, history of alcohol intake, history of pickled foods are independent risk factors of the progression of LGIN. When the patients with LGIN have these characteristics, endoscopic resection should be considered.

ObjectiveObjective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in the immune-tolerant phase. MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang Data were searched for clinical trials of antiviral therapy for CHB patients in the immune-tolerant phase published up to September 2020. Related data were extracted after quality assessment for systematic review. HBV DNA clearance rate was the primary outcome. ResultsA total of 9 studies involving 821 patients were included. Eight studies reported HBV DNA clearance rate in the treatment group, among which 6 studies had an HBV DNA clearance rate of ＞60%, which was significantly higher than that in the untreated patients (0%-29.1%), and the combination therapy group had a better clearance rate than the monotherapy group. However, virologic recurrence was more common in the long term. Eight studies reported HBeAg seroconversion, and only 2 studies of the treatment of children with interferon-α (IFN-α) reported a seroconversion rate of ＞20% in the treatment group, which was higher than that in the untreated group. HBsAg clearance was observed in 2 studies of IFN-α treatment, while HBsAg seroconversion was not observed. One study reported the risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and showed that antiviral therapy could reduce the risk of liver cirrhosis and HCC in patients. The incidence rate of adverse events ranged from 4.1%-13.0% in the treatment with nucleos(t)ide analogues and reached 100% in the treatment with IFN-α, and serious adverse events were rare. ConclusionThe majority of CHB patients in the immune-tolerant phase show satisfactory virologic response after antiviral therapy, but they tend to experience recurrence after drug withdrawal and have a low seroconversion rate. Antiviral therapy has good safety. Current evidence suggests that such patients can be dynamically observed if there is no clear evidence for disease progression.

Animals ; Biological Transport, Active/physiology* ; Centrioles/metabolism* ; Cilia/metabolism* ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/metabolism*