Objective To evaluate ultrasonography combined with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) diagnosis value for fetal brain deformities.Methods The results of ultrasonography and MRI was analysied in 12 fetuses with deformities,which were compared to postnatal,autopsy or other hospital inspection results and evaluated the accuracy.Results In 8 cases,the diagnoses established by ultrasonography were correct.3 cases were misdiagnosed by ultrasonography,1 case was missed the diagnosis.In 11 cases,the diagnoses established by MRI were correct and 1 case was missed the diagnosis.Conclusion Ultrasonography must be choosed in diagnosising fetal skull brain deformities,MRI was supplement to ultrasonography in complicated pregnancies.The combination of ultrasonography and MRI have an important value in guiding pregnant women to determine whether or not to continue the pregnancy.

From the current situations and problems on communication between doctors and patients,the paper discusses the necessity of strengthening the training of interns' communication ability between doctors and patients and explores its ways and development trend in the future.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of periarticular knee fractures combined with anterolateral ligament (ALL) avulsion fracture.Methods From June 2014 to November 2015,13 patients with ALL avulsion fracture in periarticular knee fractures were fixed by the star plate,cannulated or screws suture anchor,including 9 male and 3 female with the mean age of 39.5 years (range from 28 to 51 years).6 patients were diagnosed distal femoral fracture,4 tibial plateau fracture,and 3 tibial intercondylar eminence avulsion fracture which all combined with ALL avulsion fracture.Postoperatively,all patients were treated with the adjustable knee brace for 3 months.Results All patients were followed up for 4-20 months,the mean follow-up time was 13.5 months.The average surgical time was 130 min (range from 90 to 210 min).In all 13 patients,ALL was found and identified.Bone union was obtained in all patients,and the bone union time was 11.4 weeks (10-12 weeks).7 cases were fixed with star plate,5 cases were fixed with hollow screw,and 1 case was fixed with anchor.All follow-up patients underwent anteroposterior and lateral X-rays.Pain,swelling and functional recovery of the knee joint were observed.Patients were assessed postoperatively with International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score,Lysholm score,and Tegner activity scale to evaluate the clinical effect.At the last follow-up,all patients had full range of motion of the knee joint which from 0° to approximate 120°.The Lysholm,objective IKDC were 86.5 and 84.6 respectively.Among the 13 patients evaluated,9 patients were graded A,and 4 patients were graded B by subjective IKDC.The Tegner activity scale at the last follow-up was 6.7.Incision of poor healing in 1 case,and got healed after 32 d cleaning dressing.Conclusion This study confirmed the presence of the ALL.The fixation of ALL avulsion fracture in periarticular knee fractures can be an effective procedure at a minimum follow-up of 13.5 months.

Hespintor is an unknown function protein that was got from hepatoblastoma cell lines HepG2 by suppression subtractive hybridization technique (SSH), sequence analysis showed that the protein is a new member of secretory type of Kazal type serine protease inhibitor (Serpin) family, and has high homology with esophageal cancer related gene 2 (ECRG2). The coding sequence of Hespintor's Kazal domain was subcloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET-40b(+), then transformed into Rosetta (DE3). A recombinant protein about 42 kDa in the form of inclusion body was optimization expressed by inducing with 0.25 mmol/L IPTG, 30 degrees C for 5 h. and its specificity was confirmed via Western blotting. The recombinant protein was purified by metal chelate affinity chromatography (MCAC) and anion-exchange chromatography. The preliminary experimental result showed that the recombinant protein can inhibit trysin hydrolysis activity specifically. The result clearly demonstrated that Hespintor, as a novel member of Serpin, would be valuable in developing anti-tumor agents.
Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Serine Peptidase Inhibitors, Kazal Type ; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors ; biosynthesis ; classification ; genetics

Objective: To investigate the clinical features of patients with hyperextension bicondylar tibial plateau fractures (HEBTPs), and assess surgical effectiveness of HEBTP and non-HEBTP fracture patients. Methods: From June 2014 to May 2017, 82 patients with bicondylar tibial plateau fracture were included in this study. There were 63 patients with 63 knees (76.8%) that had sustained non-HEBTPs, and 19 patients with 19 knees (23.2%) that had HEBTPs, including 49 males and 33 females with a mean age of 48.3 years (range, 22-76). Of the 19 HEBTPs patients, 4 cases were hyperextension valgus injury, 9 cases were hyperextension varus injury, and 6 cases were pure hyperextension injury. All patients were treated with open reduction internal fixation combined with bone grafting or non-bone grafting. All follow-up patients were evaluated clinically and radiographically, included the incidence of associated injuries, infection, posttraumatic osteoarthritis, range of motion (ROM) of knee, numeric rating scale (NRS) for assessment of pain, and Short Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment (SMFA) scores for assessment of knee function. The fracture healing and postoperative alignment were assessed with anteroposterior and lateral X-rays. Results: All patients were followed up for 12-22 months, the mean follow-up time was 15.4 months. Bone union was obtained in all patients, and the bone union time was 12.6 weeks (ranged: 12-16 weeks). At the last follow up, all patients had full range of motion. The incidence of significant associated injuries was 36.8% in the HEVBTP group compared with 15.8% in the non-HEBTP group. The incidence of popliteal artery injury, common peroneal nerve injury and ligament injury that needed repair in 19 HEBTPs patients was 21.1%, 26.3% and 31.6%, respectively, while the corresponding incidence of complications in 63 non-HEBTPs patients was 3.2%, 4.8%, and 9.5%, respectively. The NRS pain score of HEBTPs and non-HEBTPs at 12 months after surgery was 3.89±1.9 and 2.76±1.88, respectively. The value of HEBTPs patients was higher than that of non-HEBTPs patients, But the difference was not statistically significant. The SMFA scores of HEBTPs and non-HEBTPs patients at 12 months after surgery were 27.27±19.44 and 17.09±15.87, respectively. Patients with HEBTP had higher functional (SMFA) scores and a trend of higher pain scores than those with non-HEBTP, indicating associated soft-tissue damage and developed posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Conclusion The present showed that the HEBTP is a unique fracture. These injuries result in worse functional outcomes than non-HEBTP. Physicians must recognize the possible associated injuries (included ligaments, vessels and nerves), and the treatment effect of HEBTP is relatively poor.

Periprosthetic fracture of femur is the most common postoperative complication after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Risk factors for periprosthetic fractures include female sex, osteoporosis/osteopenia, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, neuromuscular disease, cognitive disorder, chronic use of corticosteroids, obesity, advanced age, infection, osteolysis around the prosthesis, knee joint ankyloses, notching of the anterior femoral cortex, etc. According to epidemiological research, the incidence of femoral periprosthetic fractures following TKA ranges from 0.3% to 2.5%. Lewis and Rorabeck classifications, the most commonly used classification of periprosthetic fractures of the femur, introduce the concept of prosthesis loosening and emphasize the ecessity of revision surgery. Other classifications include Su typing, Universal Typing System, and Rhee typing, the latest of which is the Kim typing proposed in 2022. Treatment strategies for periprosthetic femoral fractures after TKA include nonsurgical treatment, external fixation techniques, single-plate fixation, double-plate fixation, intramedullary nail fixation, and revision TKA and distal femur replacement. The purpose of this paper is to better guide the prevention and treatment of periprosthetic fractures after TKA by searching and analyzing relevant literature on periprosthetic fractures after TKA.

Objective:To investigate the long-term effect of the implantation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) for type 1 diabetes mellitus.Methods:Fifteen patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus were treated with HUC-MSCs from September 2009 to December 2011 at Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second People′s Hospital. Patients were followed-up for 10 years and the parameters were collected including fasting blood glucose, HbA 1C, mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), fasting C-peptide, daily insulin doses and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA). Results:Among 15 patients, 1 patient (6.67%) was found with breast cancer. All patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus decreased daily insulin doses due to frequent hypoglycemia one week later. Six months later, 4 patients (26.67%) stopped insulin injection. While among the 4 patients, 1 patient (6.67%) had not yet used insulin until today and GADA was negative, the other 3 patients (20.00%) restarted insulin within 3-5 years after implantation with significantly less daily insulin doses [(18.00±1.00)U vs (29.00±1.73)U, P<0.01]. The remaining 11 patients (73.33%) with type 1 diabetes mellitus who did not stop insulin also had significantly lower daily insulin doses [(18.09±0.83)U vs (29.64±0.89)U, P<0.01]. The level of MAGE was signicantly decreased compared to those of pre-implantation [(6.14±0.25)mmol/L vs (9.72±0.32)mmol/L, P <0.01], while fasting C-peptide level was significantly improved[(0.91±0.03)nmol/L vs (0.11±0.01)nmol/L, P <0.01]. There were no significant differences in fasting blood glucose and HbA 1C before and after implantation. Conclusions:The implantation of HUC-MSCs for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus can restore the function of islet β cells, decrease daily insulin doses and reduce blood glucose fluctuations in the long term. Although precise mechanisms are unknown, this therapy is expected to be an effective strategy for treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Under the available data gathered from a coronary study questionnaires with 10 792 cases,this article constructs a Bayesian network model based on the tabu search algorithm and calculates the conditional probability of each node,using the Maximum-likelihood.Pros and cons of the Bayesian network model are evaluated to compare against the logistic regression model in the analysis of coronary factors.Applicability of this network model in clinical study is also investigated.Results show that Bayesian network model can reveal the complex correlations among influencing factors on the coronary and the relationship with coronary heart diseases.Bayesian network model seems promising and more practical than the logistic regression model in analyzing the influencing factors of coronary heart disease.

Objective To assess the clinical value of cross raft screws technique in preventing postoperative collapse of tibial plateau fracture.Methods From September 2014 to November 2017,data of 14 patients with tibial plateau fracture who were treated by cross raft screws technique were retrospectively analyzed.There were 9 males and 5 females aged from 30-65 years old (average,44.4± 1.7 years).There were 8 patients that the thickness of subchondral cancellous bone measured preoperatively by CT data was less than 4 mm,and 6 patients that the thickness of subchondral cancellous bone measured intraoperatively was less than 4 mm.1/4 tubular plate was placed along the anterior rim of lateral tibial plateau,and the 3.5 mm cortical bone screws were fixed as bamboo raft from anterior to posterior through the plate.The collapse of tibial plateau after surgery were measured by CT scan after union of the fracture.The function of knee was evaluated by Rasmussen Anatomical and Functional Grading.Results The time of tubular plate procedure was 18 to 35 min (average,24.1±5.4 min).All 14 patients were successfully followed-up for 13.8±5.1 months.The height of collapse preoperatively by CT scan was 5-21 mm (average,8.00± 1.40 mm).3 days after the operation,the height between articular line and lateral articular surface was 0-2 mm (average,0.80±0.06 mm).Compared with CT data preoperatively,the collapse was corrected postoperatively that was proved by CT scan (P＜ 0.05).After the fracture was healed,according to CT data,the height between articular line and lateral articular surface was 0-2 mm (average,0.70±0.08 mm).Compared with CT data postoperatively,there was no postoperative collapse happened (P=0.466).The position and length of nails were placed appropriately.The average healing time of fracture was 3.6 months.There were no infection,nonunion and pain of tendon happened.The plate could be touched subcutaneously in 2 patients,who had no discomfort feelings.The patient's postoperative Rasmussen Anatomical Grading were 13-18 (average,16.7),including 8 cases excellent and 6 cases good.The postoperative Rasmussen Functional Grading was 18-28 (average,25.7),including 11 cases excellent and 3 cases good.Conclusion The cross raft screws technique is a good way to prevent the postoperative collapse of the lateral articular surface of tibial plateau.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with tibial plateau fracture during preoperative period.Methods:From July 2017 to October 2019, a total of 264 patients undergoing surgeries of tibial plateau fractures were enrolled. Duplex ultrasonography (DUS) during hospitalization was used to screen for DVT of the bilateral lower extremities. Patients were divided into DVT group and non-DVT group according to results of DUS. Data on demographics, comorbidities, injury-related data, fracture type, laboratory biomarkers were collected and compared between groups with and without DVT.Results:The incidence of preoperative DVT was 39.0% (103/264) among 264 patients with traumatic tibial plateau fractures, and distal thrombosis predominated in DVT group. There were 103 cases in DVT group. 55 were males and 48 were females. The average age was 54.00±11.12. According to the Schatzker classification of tibial plateau fractures, 7 cases belonged to type I, 37 to type II, 2 to type III, 11 to type IV, 29 to type V, and 17 to type VI. There were 161 cases in non-DVT group. 89 were males and 72 were females. The average age was 48.57±13.25. According to the Schatzker classification of tibial plateau fractures, 23 cases belonged to type I, 76 to type II, 2 to type III, 10 to type IV, 33 to type V, and 17 to type VI. Univariate analysis showed that age ( t=3.451, P=0.001), the type of tibial plateau fracture ( χ2=8.314, P=0.004), D-dimer ( χ2=18.552, P<0.001), APTT ( t=2.869, P=0.004), ALB ( t=2.292, P=0.023) and Hb ( t=1.983, P=0.048) were statistically different than those in non-DVT group. Multivariate analysis showed age ( OR=1.033, 95% CI: 1.009, 1.058; P=0.007), the type of tibial plateau fracture ( OR=1.829, 95% CI: 1.014, 3.299; P=0.045) and D-dimer ( OR=1.914, 95% CI: 1.057, 3.464; P=0.032) were independent risk factors. Conclusion:The incidence of DVT in patients with tibial plateau fractures during preoperative period is high, and distal thrombosis is the main part of venous thrombosis of lower extremity. The type of tibial plateau fracture, age and the level of D-dimer are independent risk factors of preoperative DVT in patients with tibial plateau fractures.